@article {991,
	title = {Acidic or Alkaline? Towards a New Perspective on the Efficiency of Water Electrolysis},
	journal = {Journal of The Electrochemical Society},
	volume = {163},
	year = {2016},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {F3197-F3208},
	abstract = {Published on January 1st, 2016.
Water electrolysis is a promising technology for enabling the storage of surplus electricity produced by intermittent renewable power sources in the form of hydrogen. At the core of this technology is the electrolyte, and whether this is acidic or alkaline affects the reaction mechanisms, gas purities and is of significant importance for the stability and activity of the electrocatalysts. This article presents a simple but precise physical model to describe the voltage-current characteristic, heat balance, gas crossover and cell efficiency of water electrolyzers. State-of-the-art water electrolysis cells with acidic and alkaline electrolyte are experimentally characterized in order to parameterize the model. A rigorous comparison shows that alkaline water electrolyzers with Ni-based catalysts but thinner separators than those typically used is expected be more efficient than acidic water electrolysis with Ir and Pt based catalysts. This performance difference was attributed mainly to a similar conductivity but approximately 38-fold higher diffusivities of hydrogen and oxygen in the acidic polymer electrolyte membrane (Nafion) than those in the alkaline separator (Zirfon filled with a 30 wt} KOH solution). With reference to the detailed analysis of the cell characteristics, perspectives for the improvement of the efficiency of water electrolyzers are discussed.},
	issn = {0013-4651, 1945-7111},
	doi = {10.1149/2.0271611jes},
	url = {http://jes.ecsdl.org/content/163/11/F3197},
	author = {Maximilian Schalenbach and Geert Tjarks and Marcelo Carmo and Wiebke Lueke and Martin Mueller and Detlef Stolten}
}
@article {1011,
	title = {An analysis of degradation phenomena in polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis},
	journal = {Journal of Power Sources},
	volume = {326},
	year = {2016},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {120-128},
	abstract = {Published on September 15th, 2016.
The durability of a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolysis single cell, assembled with regular porous transport layers (PTLs) is investigated for just over 1000~h. We observe a significant degradation rate of 194~μV~h-1 and conclude that 78\% of the detectable degradation can be explained by an increase in ohmic resistance, arising from the anodic Ti-PTL. Analysis of the polarization curves also indicates a decrease in the anodic exchange current density, j0, that results from the over-time contamination of the anode with Ti species. Furthermore, the average Pt-cathode particle size increases during the test, but we do not believe this phenomenon makes a significant contribution to increased cell voltages. To validate the anode Ti-PTL as a crucial source of increasing resistance, a second cell is assembled using Pt-coated Ti-PTLs. This yields a substantially reduced degradation rate of only 12~μV~h-1, indicating that a non-corroding anode PTL is vital for PEM electrolyzers. It is our hope that forthcoming tailored PTLs will not only contribute to fast progress on cost-efficient stacks, but also to its long-term application of PEM electrolyzers involved in industrial processes.},
	issn = {0378-7753},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.06.082},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775316307844},
	author = {Christoph Rakousky and Uwe Reimer and Klaus Wippermann and Marcelo Carmo and Wiebke Lueke and Detlef Stolten}
}
