@article {795,
	title = {Development of High Performance Intermediate Temperature Proton-Conducting Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells},
	volume = {80},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {167-173},
	abstract = {Steam electrolysis by solid oxide fuel cell technology, known as SOEC, is considered one of the most efficient and cost effective options for hydrogen production from renewable sources. By using proton-conducting electrolyte, the SOEC operating temperature can be reduced from over 800oC to below 600oC due to higher conductivity and lower activation energy. Technical barriers associated with the conventional oxygen-ion conducting SOECs, such as hydrogen separation from water, oxidation of steam electrode, and instability of oxygen electrode, can be largely mitigated. In this report, an intermediate temperature (500-600oC) electrolysis technology was developed where a novel proton-conductor and a triple-conducting oxide were used as the electrolyte and oxygen electrode, respectively. The electrolysis cell demonstrated excellent performance at intermediate temperatures, promising a new prospective for next-generation steam electrolysis.},
	doi = {10.1149/08009.0167ecst},
	url = {http://ecst.ecsdl.org/content/80/9/167.short},
	author = {Dong Ding and Wei Wu and Ting He}
}
@article {1136,
	title = {Comprehensive Evaluation for Protective Coatings: Optical, Electrical, Photoelectrochemical, and Spectroscopic Characterizations},
	journal = {Frontiers in Energy Research},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2022},
	month = {2022},
	abstract = {Numerous efficient semiconductors suffer from instability in aqueous electrolytes. Strategies utilizing protective coatings have thus been developed to protect these photoabsorbers against corrosion while synergistically improving charge separation and reaction kinetics. Recently, various photoelectrochemical (PEC) protective coatings have been reported with suitable electronic properties to ensure low charge transport loss and reveal the fundamental photoabsorber efficiency. However, protocols for studying the critical figures of merit for protective coatings have yet to be established. For this reason, we propose four criteria for evaluating the performance of a protective coating for PEC water-splitting: stability, conductivity, optical transparency, and energetic matching. We then propose a flow chart that summarizes the recommended testing protocols for quantifying these four performance metrics. In particular, we lay out the stepwise testing protocols to evaluate the energetics matching at a semiconductor/coating/(catalyst)/liquid interface. Finally, we provide an outlook for the future benchmarking needs for coatings.},
	keywords = {coating, energetics, performance evaluation, performance metrics, spectroscopy},
	issn = {2296-598X},
	doi = {10.3389/fenrg.2021.799776},
	url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fenrg.2021.799776},
	author = {Shen, Xin and Yanagi, Rito and Solanki, Devan and Su, Haoqing and Li, Zhaohan and Xiang, Cheng-Xiang and Hu, Shu}
}
@article {1132,
	title = {A Computational Framework to Accelerate the Discovery of Perovskites for Solar Thermochemical Hydrogen Production: Identification of Gd Perovskite Oxide Redox Mediators},
	journal = {Advanced Functional Materials},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {2200201},
	abstract = {A high-throughput computational framework to identify novel multinary perovskite redox mediators is presented, and this framework is applied to discover the Gd-containing perovskite oxide compositions Gd2BB'O6, GdA'B2O6, and GdA'BB'O6 that split water. The computational scheme uses a sequence of empirical approaches to evaluate the stabilities, electronic properties, and oxygen vacancy thermodynamics of these materials, including contributions to the enthalpies and entropies of reduction, ΔHTR and ΔSTR. This scheme uses the machine-learned descriptor τ to identify compositions that are likely stable as perovskites, the bond valence method to estimate the magnitude and phase of BO6 octahedral tilting and provide accurate initial estimates of perovskite geometries, and density functional theory including magnetic- and defect-sampling to predict STCH-relevant properties. Eighty-three promising STCH candidate perovskite oxides down-selected from 4392 Gd-containing compositions are reported, three of which are referred to experimental collaborators for characterization and exhibit STCH activity. The results demonstrate that the high-throughput computational scheme described herein{\textemdash}which is used to evaluate Gd-containing compositions but can be applied to any multinary perovskite oxide compositional space(s) of interest{\textemdash}accelerates the discovery of novel STCH active redox mediators with reasonable computational expense.},
	keywords = {concentrated solar energy, density functional theory, hydrogen, Perovskite, thermochemical water splitting},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202200201},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adfm.202200201},
	author = {Bare, Zachary J. L. and Morelock, Ryan J. and Musgrave, Charles B.}
}
@article {1137,
	title = {Considerations for the Accurate Measurement of Incident Photon to Current Efficiency in Photoelectrochemical Cells},
	journal = {Frontiers in Energy Research},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2022},
	month = {2022},
	abstract = {In this paper we review some of the considerations and potential sources of error when conducting Incident Photon to Current Efficiency (IPCE) measurements, with focus on photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells for water splitting. The PEC aspect introduces challenges for accurate measurements often not encountered in dry PV cells. These can include slow charge transfer dynamics and, depending on conditions (such as a white light bias, which is important for samples with non-linear response to light intensity), possible composition changes, mostly at the surface, that a sample may gradually undergo as a result of chemical interactions with the aqueous electrolyte. These can introduce often-overlooked dependencies related to the timing of the measurement, such as a slower measurement requirement in the case of slow charge transfer dynamics, to accurately capture the steady-state response of the system. Fluctuations of the probe beam can be particularly acute when a Xe lamp with monochromator is used, and longer scanning times also allow for appreciable changes in the sample environment, especially when the sample is under realistically strong white light bias. The IPCE measurement system and procedure need to be capable of providing accurate measurements under specific conditions, according to sample and operating requirements. To illustrate these issues, complications, and solution options, we present example measurements of hematite photoanodes, leading to the use of a motorized rotating mirror stage to solve the inherent fluctuation and drift-related problems. For an example of potential pitfalls in IPCE measurements of metastable samples, we present measurements of BiVO<sub>4</sub> photoanodes, which had changing IPCE spectral shapes under white-light bias.},
	keywords = {device characterisation, EQE, IPCE, measurement technique, photoelectrochemical},
	issn = {2296-598X},
	doi = {10.3389/fenrg.2021.726069},
	url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fenrg.2021.726069},
	author = {Ellis, David S. and Piekner, Yifat and Grave, Daniel A. and Schnell, Patrick and Rothschild, Avner}
}
@article {1138,
	title = {Crystallographic Effects of GaN Nanostructures in Photoelectrochemical Reaction},
	journal = {Nano Letters},
	volume = {22},
	year = {2022},
	note = {PMID: 35258977},
	pages = {2236-2243},
	keywords = {GaN; artificial photosynthesis; nanowire; photoelectrode; surface polarity},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04220},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04220},
	author = {Xiao, Yixin and Vanka, Srinivas and Pham, Tuan Anh and Dong, Wan Jae and Sun, Yi and Liu, Xianhe and Navid, Ishtiaque Ahmed and Varley, Joel B. and Hajibabaei, Hamed and Hamann, Thomas W. and Ogitsu, Tadashi and Mi, Zetian}
}
@article {1139,
	title = {Electrode optimization for efficient hydrogen production using an SO2-depolarized electrolysis cell},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {47},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {14180-14185},
	abstract = {The hybrid sulfur (HyS) cycle offers an alternative route to hydrogen and sulfuric acid production using the SO2-depolarized electrolysis (SDE) cell. This work reports the most efficient SDE operation to date at high sulfuric acid concentrations (\~{}60~wt\%) achieved through the optimization of operating conditions and cell components. We observed that open porosity in the porous transport media (PTM) plays a significant role in SDE performance as it enables efficient acid removal from the catalyst layer. The combination of membrane electrode assembly (MEA) components, such as Sulfonated Diels Alder Poly (phenylene) (SDAPP) membranes and electrodes prepared using SGL 29BC PTM, and operating conditions (103.4 kPagauge at 125~{\textdegree}C) yielded electrolysis potentials <700~mV at 500~mA/cm2 and acid concentrations >60~wt\%.},
	keywords = {Catalysis, electrolysis, High pressure, Hybrid sulfur cycle, Hydrogen generation, Sulfur dioxide},
	issn = {0360-3199},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.02.166},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319922007807},
	author = {H{\'e}ctor R. Col{\'o}n-Mercado and Scott A. Mauger and Maximilian B. Gorensek and Cy H. Fujimoto and Aaron A. Lando and Prabhu Ganesan and Benjamin H. Meekins and Noah D. Meeks}
}
@article {1140,
	title = {Formation of 6H-Ba3Ce0.75Mn2.25O9 During Thermochemical Reduction of 12R-Ba4CeMn3O12: Identification of a Polytype in the Ba(Ce,Mn)O3 Family},
	journal = {Inorganic Chemistry},
	volume = {61},
	year = {2022},
	month = {4},
	keywords = {analytical chemistry, inorganic, layered perovskite, organic, oxide, physical, polytype, STCH, thermochemistry},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00282},
	author = {Strange, Nicholas A. and Park, James Eujin and Goyal, Anuj and Bell, Robert T. and Trindell, Jamie A. and Sugar, Joshua D. and Stone, Kevin H. and Coker, Eric N. and Lany, Stephan and Shulda, Sarah and Ginley, David S.}
}
@article {1141,
	title = {High-performance SO2-depolarized electrolysis cell using advanced polymer electrolyte membranes},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {47},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {57-68},
	abstract = {Three different proton conducting polymeric membrane materials (Nafion{\textregistered} 115, Nafion{\textregistered} 212, and sulfonated Diels-Alder polyphenylene [SDAPP]) were evaluated for use in SO2-depolarized electrolyzers for the production of hydrogen via the hybrid sulfur cycle. Their performance was measured using different water feed strategies to minimize overpotential losses while maintaining high product acid concentration. Both thin membranes (Nafion{\textregistered} 212 and SDAPP) showed performance superior to that of the thicker Nafion{\textregistered} 115. The SDAPP membrane electrode assembly (MEA) performed well at higher acid concentrations, maintaining low ohmic and kinetic overpotentials. Finally, short-term (100-h) stability tests under constant current conditions showed minimal degradation for the SDAPP and Nafion{\textregistered} 212 MEAs. SDAPP MEA performance approached the targets needed to make the hybrid sulfur cycle a competitive process for hydrogen production (product acid concentration >=65~wt\% H2SO4 at~<=~0.6-V cell potential and >=0.5 A-cm-2 current density).},
	keywords = {Hybrid sulfur (HyS) process, Hydrogen production, Sulfonated diels-alder polyphenylene (SDAPP), Sulfur dioxide-depolarized electrolyzer (SDE), Sulfuric acid production},
	issn = {0360-3199},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.10.019},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319921039343},
	author = {H{\'e}ctor R. Col{\'o}n-Mercado and Maximilian B. Gorensek and Cy H. Fujimoto and Aaron A. Lando and Benjamin H. Meekins}
}
@article {1142,
	title = {Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Cell with a Barrier Layer Free Oxygen Electrode and Phase Inversion Derived Hydrogen Electrode},
	journal = {Journal of the Electrochemical Society},
	volume = {169},
	year = {2022},
	month = {3},
	keywords = {area specific resistance, cathode, electrical conductivity, intermediate temperature-operating solid oxide fuel cell, layered perovskite},
	doi = {10.1149/1945-7111/ac565a},
	author = {Zhang, Yongliang and Xu, Nansheng and Tang, Qiming and Huang, Kevin}
}
@article {1143,
	title = {Mechanistic understanding of pH effects on the oxygen evolution reaction},
	journal = {Electrochimica Acta},
	volume = {405},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {139810},
	abstract = {The oxygen-evolution reaction (OER) is pivotal in many energy-conversion technologies as it is an important counter reaction to others that convert stable chemicals to higher-value products using electrochemistry. The local microenvironment and pH for the anode OER can vary from acidic to neutral to alkaline depending on the system being explored, making definitive mechanistic insights difficult. In this paper, we couple experiments, first-principles calculations based on density functional theory, microkinetics, and transport modeling to explore the entire pH range of the OER. At low current densities, neutral pH values unexpectedly perform better than the acidic and alkaline conditions, and this trend is reversed at higher current densities (> 20~mA cm-2). Using multiscale modeling, this switch is rationalized by a change from a dual-reaction mechanism to a single rate-determining step. The model also shows how the alkaline reaction rates dominate in the middle to high pH range. Furthermore, we explore that the local pH for near-neutral conditions is much different (e.g., 2.4 at the reaction surface vs. 9 in the bulk) than the pH extremes, demonstrating the criticality that transport phenomena plays in kinetic activity.},
	keywords = {Electrochemistry, Microkinetics, Oxygen evolution reaction},
	issn = {0013-4686},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139810},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013468621020934},
	author = {Julie C. Fornaciari and Lien-Chun Weng and Shaun M. Alia and Cheng Zhan and Tuan Anh Pham and Alexis T. Bell and Tadashi Ogitsu and Nemanja Danilovic and Adam Z. Weber}
}
@article {1144,
	title = {Migration of inclusions in a matrix due to a spatially varying interface energy},
	journal = {Scripta Materialia},
	volume = {206},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {114235},
	abstract = {An interfacial energy can be a function of a bulk field such as temperature or electric field. We find that in a system with a gradient in temperature or electric potential, the resulting variation in interfacial energy can induce a particle to migrate by either surface or bulk diffusion. For a circular particle under a constant unidirectional gradient in the bulk field, the field dependence of the interfacial energy induces a circular particle to move as a circle at a constant velocity along the direction from higher to lower interfacial energy. A linear stability analysis of this steady state migration suggests that perturbations will damp out as time evolves, and thus under these conditions a migrating circular particle is morphologically stable. Other spatial distributions of interface energy can lead to the distortion of an initially circular shaped particle during migration. A phase field model is developed that captures these distortions and verifies the theoretical results mentioned above.},
	keywords = {Bulk diffusion, Interface diffusion, Interface energy depends on a field varying with location, Particle migration},
	issn = {1359-6462},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2021.114235},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359646221005157},
	author = {Qian Zhang and Scott Barnett and Peter Voorhees}
}
@article {1145,
	title = {Operational Limits of Redox Metal Oxides Performing Thermochemical Water Splitting},
	journal = {Energy Technology},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {2100222},
	abstract = {Solar thermochemical hydrogen production is an attractive technology that stores intermittent solar energy in the form of chemical bonds. Efficient operation requires the identification of a redox-active metal oxide (MOx) material that can achieve high conversion of water to hydrogen at minimal energy input. Water splitting occurs by consecutive reduction and reoxidation reactions of MOx. MOx is reduced to MOx-δ and, in the second step, is reoxidized by water recovering the initial MOx and generate H2. The material must reduce at temperatures achievable in concentrated solar receiver/reactors, while maintaining a thermodynamic driving force to split water. At equilibrium, extent of reduction depends on temperature and oxygen partial pressure, and in this analysis, a set of thermodynamic properties, namely, enthalpy and entropy of oxygen vacancy formation, is sufficient to represent MOx. Herein, a method to easily classify materials based on these thermodynamic properties under any condition of oxygen partial pressure and temperature is presented. This method is based on fundamental thermodynamic principles and is applicable for any redox material with known thermodynamic properties. Despite the simplicity of the method, it is believed that this analysis will support future research in targeting thermodynamic properties of redox-active metal oxides.},
	keywords = {Hydrogen production, solar energy, thermochemical cycles, thermodynamic properties, water splitting},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202100222},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ente.202100222},
	author = {Bayon, Alicia and de la Calle, Alberto and Stechel, Ellen B. and Muhich, Christopher}
}
@article {1146,
	title = {Predicting Oxygen Off-Stoichiometry and Hydrogen Incorporation in Complex Perovskite Oxides},
	journal = {Chemistry of Materials},
	volume = {34},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {510-518},
	keywords = {charge transfer resistance, Hydrogen Incorporation, Oxygen evolution reaction, Perovskite, Perovskite Oxides, Stoichiometry},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c04765},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c04765},
	author = {Millican, Samantha L. and Deml, Ann M. and Papac, Meagan and Zakutayev, Andriy and O{\textquoteright}Hayre, Ryan and Holder, Aaron M. and Musgrave, Charles B. and Stevanovi{\'c}, Vladan}
}
@article {1147,
	title = {Redox Defect Thermochemistry of FeAl2O4 Hercynite in Water Splitting from First-Principles Methods},
	journal = {Chemistry of Materials},
	volume = {34},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {519-528},
	keywords = {concentrated solar, Hercynite, hydrogen lcroduction, Perovskite, Redox Defect, screening, thermochemistry, thermogravimetry, water splitting},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c01049},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c01049},
	author = {Millican, Samantha L. and Clary, Jacob M. and Musgrave, Charles B. and Lany, Stephan}
}
@article {1148,
	title = {Revitalizing interface in protonic ceramic cells by acid etch},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {604},
	year = {2022},
	month = {04},
	pages = {479-485},
	keywords = {acid treatment, ceramic fuel-cell, electrolysis, high-temperature annealed electrolyte surface, proton conductivity, Protonic ceramic electrochemical cells},
	doi = {10.1038/s41586-022-04457-y},
	author = {Bian, Wenjuan and Wu, Wei and Wang, Baoming and Tang, Wei and Zhou, Meng and Jin, Congrui and Ding, Hanping and Fan, Weiwei and Dong, Yanhao and Li, Ju and Ding, Dong}
}
@article {1149,
	title = {Spatially resolved performance and degradation in a perfluorinated anion exchange membrane fuel cell},
	journal = {Electrochimica Acta},
	volume = {406},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {139812},
	abstract = {Anion exchange membrane fuel cells may enable future operation with non-precious metal-based catalysts. These systems have a delicate sensitivity to operating conditions such as humidification levels and the presence of CO2 in the air oxidant stream. We present spatially resolved in-situ performance results that shed light on phenomena that are unique to anion exchange membrane fuel cells. For cell construction, a highly conductive perfluorinated anion exchange polymer was used as the membrane and the material in powder form as the ionomer. Experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of humidification, fuel/oxidant concentration, and carbonation effects on the performance and its distribution in the cell. The results indicated that (i) dry conditions at the cathode have a stronger effect than at the anode on overall cell performance, (ii) performance significantly suffered when humidification was below 90\%, (iii) fuel and oxidant dilution effects lead mass-transport losses and were stronger than flow rate effects, (iv) CO2 in the cathode feed stream creates an equilibration disparity between the inlet and outlet sections and CO2 purging is affected by flooding conditions, and (v) after >500~h of operation, performance deteriorates predominantly at the inlet.},
	keywords = {2+1D fuel cell model, Anion Exchange membranes, Cathode dry-out, CO poisoning, Fuel cell durability, Mass transport limitations, Segmented fuel cell},
	issn = {0013-4686},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139812},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013468621020958},
	author = {Ashutosh G. Divekar and Michael R. Gerhardt and Christopher M. Antunes and Luigi Osmieri and Ami C. Yang-Neyerlin and Adam Z. Weber and Bryan S. Pivovar and Guido Bender and Andrew M. Herring}
}
@article {1150,
	title = {System and technoeconomic analysis of solar thermochemical hydrogen production},
	journal = {Renewable Energy},
	volume = {190},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {294-308},
	abstract = {Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier that can be obtained from various feedstocks using renewable energy sources. Direct solar thermochemical hydrogen (STCH) production by water splitting can utilize the full spectrum of solar radiation and has the potential to achieve high solar energy conversion efficiencies. Currently STCH research areas focus on material discovery. This paper evaluates the performance of various STCH materials in the context of a system platform to assess techno-economic benefits and gaps in the path to STCH scale-up. To analyze the hydrogen production cost, a concentrating solar thermal (CST) system is introduced as a platform for integrating STCH materials and accommodating generalized thermochemical processes. The thermochemical process is based on a two-step STCH cycle using metal oxide that consists of a high temperature step for metal oxide reduction, followed by an oxidation step for water splitting at a lower temperature. A preferred configuration is to have the high temperature step occurring in a directly irradiated solar receiver reactor. To this end, we conceptualized a receiver design and associated solar field layout and investigated STCH operational boundaries, component costs and sensitivity parameters on the $2/kgH2 goal of hydrogen production. The study explored system-related variables and factors associated with scaling up. The CST platform allows more comprehensive studies that encompass aspects of STCH materials and systems such as cost, hydrogen productivity and replacement frequency, alongside other system components like heliostat field, tower, and potential receiver costs.},
	keywords = {H2A analysis, Hydrogen production, Solar receiver, Solar thermochemical hydrogen production, Technoeconomic analysis, water splitting},
	issn = {0960-1481},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2022.03.108},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148122003925},
	author = {Zhiwen Ma and Patrick Davenport and Genevieve Saur}
}
@article {1133,
	title = {A Thermogravimetric Temperature-Programmed Thermal Redox Protocol for Rapid Screening of Metal Oxides for Solar Thermochemical Hydrogen Production},
	journal = {Frontiers in Energy Research},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2022},
	month = {04},
	pages = {856943},
	keywords = {concentrated solar, hydrogen lcroduction, Perovskite, screening, thermogravimetry, water splitting},
	doi = {10.3389/fenrg.2022.856943},
	author = {Sanders, Michael and Bergeson-Keller, Anyka and Coker, Eric and O{\textquoteright}Hayre, Ryan}
}
@article {1153,
	title = {Chalkboard 2 - How to Make Clean Hydrogen},
	journal = {The Electrochemical Society Interface},
	volume = {30},
	year = {2021},
	month = {dec},
	pages = {49{\textendash}56},
	abstract = {Clean hydrogen is a carbon-free energy carrier that can be produced from water and sustainable energy sources such as wind, solar, and nuclear. Hence, clean hydrogen is one of the best ways to not only decarbonize the energy supply system, but also address the zero-emission challenges specific to large-carbon emitting industries that are difficult to separate from fossil fuels. To help achieve the Biden Administration{\textquoteright}s goal of a 100\% clean energy economy and net-zero emissions by 2050, several tens of millions of metric tons of clean, low-cost hydrogen will be needed annually. The HydroGEN Advanced Water Splitting Materials (AWSM) Consortium was established in 2016 as part of the Energy Materials Network (EMN) under the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Office to enhance the performance, improve the durability, and reduce the cost of clean hydrogen production technologies, and it is helping to advance the H2@Scale vision.},
	keywords = {Clean hydrogen, decarbonization, energy supply system, hydrogen, zero-emission challenges},
	doi = {10.1149/2.f13214if},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1149/2.f13214if},
	author = {Shaun Alia and Dong Ding and Anthony McDaniel and Francesca M. Toma and Huyen N. Dinh}
}
@article {1151,
	title = {A comprehensive modeling method for proton exchange membrane electrolyzer development},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {46},
	year = {2021},
	note = {Special issue on the 2nd International Symposium on Hydrogen Energy and Energy Technologies (HEET 2019)},
	pages = {17627-17643},
	abstract = {Hydrogen attracts significant interests as an effective energy carrier that can be derived from renewable sources. Hydrogen production using a proton-exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer can efficiently convert renewable power via water splitting in wide scales{\textemdash}from large, centralized generation to on-site production. Mathematical models with multiple scales and fidelities facilitate the continuing improvements of PEM electrolyzer development to improve performance, cost, and reliability. The model scopes and methods are presented in this paper, which also introduces a comprehensive PEM electrolysis modeling tool based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, ANSYS/Fluent. The modeling tool incorporates electrochemical model of a PEM electrolysis cell to simulate the performance of coupled thermal-fluid, species transport, and electrochemical processes in a product-scale cell or stack by leveraging the powerful meshing generation and CFD solver of ANSYS/Fluent. The thermal-fluid modeling includes liquid water/gas two-phase flow and simulates a PEM electrolysis cell by using Fluent user-defined functions as add-on modules accounting for PEM-specific species transport and electrochemical processes. The modeling outcomes expediate PEM electrolyzer scaling up from basic material development and laboratory testing.},
	keywords = {Electrochemical modeling, Hydrogen production, Low temperature electrolysis water splitting, Proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell},
	issn = {0360-3199},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.02.170},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319921007448},
	author = {Zhiwen Ma and Liam Witteman and Jacob A. Wrubel and Guido Bender}
}
@article {1114,
	title = {Computationally Accelerated Discovery and Experimental Demonstration of Gd0.5La0.5Co0.5Fe0.5O3 for Solar Thermochemical Hydrogen Production},
	journal = {Frontiers in Energy Research},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2021},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2021.750600},
	author = {J. E. Park and Z. J. L. Bare and R. J. Morelock and M. A. Rodriguez and A. Ambrosini and C. B. Musgrave and A. H. McDaniel and E. N. Coker}
}
@article {1111,
	title = {Development of a Photoelectrochemically Self-Improving Si/GaN Photocathode for Efficient and Durable H2 Production},
	journal = {Nature Materials},
	year = {2021},
	month = {04/2021},
	pages = {1-6},
	doi = {10.1038/s41563-021-00965-w},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-021-00965-w},
	author = {Guosong Zeng and Tuan Anh Pham and Srinivas Vanka and Guiji Liu and Chengyu Song and Jason K. Cooper and Zetian Mi and Tadashi Ogitsu and Francesca M. Toma}
}
@article {1119,
	title = {Double-Site Substitution of Ce Into (Ba, Sr)MnO3 Perovskites for Solar Thermochemical Hydrogen Production},
	journal = {ACS Energy Letters},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {3037-3043},
	keywords = {Combinatorial synthesis, High-throughput experiments, Perovskites},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.1c01214},
	author = {S. J. Heo and M. Sanders and R. O{\textquoteright}Hayre and A. Zakutayev}
}
@article {1154,
	title = {Effect of Nanoscale Ce0.8Gd0.2O2-δ Infiltrant and Steam Content on Ni{\textendash}(Y2O3)0.08(ZrO2)0.92 Fuel Electrode Degradation during High-Temperature Electrolysis},
	journal = {Nano Letters},
	volume = {21},
	year = {2021},
	note = {PMID: 34606281},
	pages = {8363-8369},
	keywords = {degredation, duel electrode, infiltration, solid oxide electrolysis cell},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02937},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02937},
	author = {Park, Beom-Kyeong and Cox, Dalton and Barnett, Scott A.}
}
@article {1155,
	title = {Elucidating the Role of Hydroxide Electrolyte on Anion-Exchange-Membrane Water Electrolyzer Performance},
	journal = {Journal of The Electrochemical Society},
	volume = {168},
	year = {2021},
	month = {05/2021},
	pages = {054522},
	abstract = {Many solid-state devices, especially those requiring anion conduction, often add a supporting electrolyte to enable efficient operation. The prototypical case is that of anion-exchange-membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs), where addition of an alkali metal solution improves performance. However, the specific mechanism of this performance improvement is currently unknown. This work investigates the functionality of the alkali metal solution in AEMWEs using experiments and mathematical models. The results show that additional hydroxide plays a key role not only in ohmic resistance of the membrane and catalyst layer but also in the reaction kinetics. The modeling suggests that the added liquid electrolyte creates an additional electrochemical interface with the electrocatalyst that provides ion-transport pathways and distributes product gas bubbles; the total effective electrochemical active surface area in the cell with 1 M KOH is 5 times higher than that of the cell with DI water. In the cell with 1 M KOH, more than 80\% of the reaction current is associate with the liquid electrolyte. These results indicate the importance of high pH of electrolyte and catalyst/electrolyte interface in AEMWEs. The understanding of the functionality of the alkali metal solution presented in this study should help guide the design and optimization of AEMWEs.},
	keywords = {alkali metal solutions, anion-exchange-membrane water electrolyzers, Energy Sciences, energy storage, liquid electrolyte, solid-state devices},
	issn = {0013-4651},
	doi = {10.1149/1945-7111/ac0019},
	author = {Jiangjin Liu and Zhenye Kang and Dongguo Li and Magnolia Pak and Shaun M. Alia and Cy Fujimoto and Guido Bender and Yu Seung Kim and Adam Z. Weber}
}
@article {1156,
	title = {Energy Material Network Data Hubs},
	journal = {International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2021},
	abstract = {In early 2015 the United States Department of Energy conceived of a consortium of collaborative bodies based on shared expertise, data, and resources that could be targeted towards the more difficult problems in energy materials research. The concept of virtual laboratories had been envisioned and discussed earlier in the decade in response to the advent of the Materials Genome Initiative and similar scientific thrusts. To be effective, any virtual laboratory needed a robust method for data management, communication, security, data sharing, dissemination, and demonstration to work efficiently and effectively for groups of remote researchers. With the accessibility of new, easily deployed cloud technology and software frameworks, such individual elements could be integrated, and the required collaboration architecture is now possible. The developers have leveraged open-source software frameworks, customized them, and merged them into a platform to enable collaborative energy materials science, regardless of the geographic dispersal of the people and resources. After five years in operations, the systems are demonstratively an effective platform for enabling research within the Energy Material Networks (EMN). This paper will show the design and development of a secured scientific data sharing platform, the ability to customize the system to support diverse workflows, and examples of the enabled research and results connected with some of the Energy Material Networks.},
	keywords = {cloud computing, consortium, data management, Energy materials research, network, virtual laboratories},
	doi = {10.14569/IJACSA.2021.0120677},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2021.0120677},
	author = {Robert R. White and Kristin Munch and Nicholas Wunder and Nalinrat Guba and Chitra Sivaraman and Kurt M. Van Allsburg and Huyen Dinh and Courtney Pailing}
}
@article {1117,
	title = {Factors Governing Oxygen Vacancy Formation in Oxide Perovskites},
	journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
	volume = {143},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {13212-13227},
	doi = {ttps://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.1c05570},
	author = {R. B. Wexler and G. S. Gautam and E. B. Stechel and E. A. Carter}
}
@article {1157,
	title = {Hydrogen: Targeting \textdollar1/kg in 1 Decade},
	journal = {The Electrochemical Society Interface},
	volume = {30},
	year = {2021},
	month = {12/2021},
	pages = {61{\textendash}66},
	abstract = {The societal energy system is evolving rapidly as the impacts of our existing energy system are better appreciated and technological advances have dramatically decreased the cost of renewable resources. Simultaneously, the importance of energy transfer across timeframes and the difficulty of decarbonizing the industrial loads and transportation demands using electricity are being recognized. At the center of this need is achieving low-cost clean hydrogen. The U.S. Department of Energy launched the Hydrogen Energy EarthShot which seeks to reduce the cost of clean hydrogen to $1 per 1 kilogram in one decade. Reaching the $1/kg goal is dependent on the evolution of the electrical energy system to increase renewable energy deployment and low electricity costs; advances in electrolysis technology and manufacturing readiness; and infrastructure build-out and hydrogen market establishment that results in the ability to make, move, store, and use clean hydrogen economically while spurring job creation.},
	keywords = {Clean hydrogen, decarbonizing, electrolysis, energy storage, energy transfer, hydrogen market, hydrogen shot},
	doi = {10.1149/2.f15214if},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1149/2.f15214if},
	author = {Bryan S. Pivovar and Mark F. Ruth and Deborah J. Myers and Huyen N. Dinh}
}
@article {1158,
	title = {Influence of Supporting Electrolyte on Hydroxide Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis Performance: Anolyte},
	journal = {Journal of The Electrochemical Society},
	volume = {168},
	year = {2021},
	month = {08/2021},
	pages = {084512},
	abstract = {Hydroxide-exchange-membrane water electrolysis (HEMWE) is an emerging hydrogen-production pathway that combines many advantages of incumbent alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) and proton-exchange-membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE). Advancement in HEMWE has been accelerated with the development of stable and conductive hydroxide exchange membranes (HEMs) and a more comprehensive understanding of alkaline gas-evolving kinetics. However, performance and durability without supporting electrolytes (SELs) remain inferior to PEMWE and AWE and little is known about the role and impact of the SELs. This study investigates the effects of SELs used as anolyte solutions in HEMWEs including cation-type, anion-type, SEL conductivity and pH, presence of carbonates and increased cation/OH- ratios on cell voltage and stability. We report our findings that (i) cell potential and high-frequency resistance did not correlate with anolyte SEL conductivity, (ii) cation-type influences cell voltage at low current densities (<50 mA cm-2) as predicted by half-cell measurements, (iii) increased cation/OH- ratio causes increased overpotentials, and (iv) carbonates are exchanged in the HEM but removed via self-purging at high current density. Overall, this study concludes that concentrated KOH is still the best SEL.},
	keywords = {hydrogen production pathway, Hydroxide exchange membrane, incumbent alkaline, proton exchange membrane, supporting electrolytes, water electrolysis},
	doi = {10.1149/1945-7111/ac1dcd},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac1dcd},
	author = {Aleksandr Kiessling and Julie C. Fornaciari and Grace Anderson and Xiong Peng and Andreas Gerstmayr and Michael R. Gerhardt and Samuel McKinney and Alexey Serov and Yu Seung Kim and Barr Zulevi and Adam Z. Weber and Nemanja Danilovic}
}
@article {1159,
	title = {Layer-structured triple-conducting electrocatalyst for water-splitting in protonic ceramic electrolysis cells: Conductivities vs. activity},
	journal = {Journal of Power Sources},
	volume = {495},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {229764},
	abstract = {Electron, proton and oxygen-triple-conducting materials are becoming the dominant steam electrode candidate to break the rate limit on the water-splitting reaction that throttles the performance of protonic ceramic electrolysis cells (PCECs). In this study, based on Pr2NiO4+δ Ruddlesden-Popper phase, we manipulate these conductivities by Pr-site Ba substitution to probe the correlation of each conductivity with the kinetics of the elementary reaction steps. It is found that the proton conductivity is vital to sustain an extended active surface area for faster adsorption of reactants and desorption of products. The effect of oxygen conductivity is surprisingly found insignificant in the water-splitting reaction. On the contrary, surface oxygen removal is discovered as the most rate-limiting process. The electronic conductivity is not a direct limiting factor. However, an electron transfer process between the current collector and the electrode junction could introduce extra resistance that is perceptible at a high operating temperature range. The best water-splitting activity is obtained on a proton conductivity/oxygen surface desorption capability well-balanced sample after Ba substitution. As a result, a water-splitting reaction resistance of 0.022 Ωcm2, a current density of 1.96 A/cm2 at 700~{\textdegree}C is achieved on Pr1.7Ba0.3NiO4+δ, one of the best performances for PCECs.},
	keywords = {Hydrogen generation, Protonic ceramic electrolysis cells, Ruddlesden-popper phase, Triple-conducting electrocatalyst, Water-splitting},
	issn = {0378-7753},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.229764},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775321003050},
	author = {Wenyuan Li and Bo Guan and Tao Yang and Zhongqiu Li and Wangying Shi and Hanchen Tian and Liang Ma and Thomas L. Kalapos and Xingbo Liu}
}
@article {1174,
	title = {Mg $\less$sub$\greater$x$\less$/sub$\greater$ Zn$\less$sub$\greater$1-x $\less$/sub$\greater$O contact to CuGa$\less$sub$\greater$3$\less$/sub$\greater$Se$\less$sub$\greater$5$\less$/sub$\greater$ absorber for photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical devices},
	journal = {Journal of Physics: Energy},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2021},
	month = {jan},
	pages = {024001},
	abstract = {CuGa3Se5 is a promising candidate material with wide band gap for top cells in tandem photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical (PEC) devices. However, traditional CdS contact layers used with other chalcopyrite absorbers are not suitable for CuGa3Se5 due to the higher position of its conduction band (CB) minimum. Mg x Zn1- x O (MZO) is a transparent oxide with adjustable band gap and CB position as a function of magnesium composition, but its direct application is hindered by CuGa3Se5 surface oxidation. Here, MZO is investigated as a contact (n-type {\textquoteleft}buffer{\textquoteright} or {\textquoteleft}window{\textquoteright}) material to CuGa3Se5 absorbers pretreated in Cd2+ solution, and an onset potential close to 1 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode in 10 mM hexaammineruthenium (III) chloride electrolyte is demonstrated. The Cd2+ surface treatment changes the chemical composition and electronic structure of the CuGa3Se5 surface, as demonstrated by photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. The performance of CuGa3Se5 absorber with Cd2+ treated surface in the solid-state test structure depends on the Zn/Mg ratio in the MZO layer. The measured open circuit voltage of 925 mV is promising for tandem PEC water splitting with CuGa3Se5/MZO top cells.},
	keywords = {Photocathode; PEC; Buffer layer; CuGaSe; MgZnO},
	doi = {10.1088/2515-7655/abd3b3},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7655/abd3b3},
	author = {Imran S Khan and Christopher P Muzzillo and Craig L Perkins and Andrew G Norman and James L Young and Nicolas Gaillard and Andriy Zakutayev}
}
@article {1152,
	title = {A mini-review on proton conduction of BaZrO 3 -based perovskite electrolytes},
	journal = {Journal of Physics: Energy},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2021},
	month = {07},
	pages = {032019},
	keywords = {ceramics, dopant, electrolyte, electrolytic cell, energy conversion, fuel cell, hydration, interaction, mobility, oxide, proton, proton conduction},
	doi = {10.1088/2515-7655/ac12ab},
	author = {Vera, Clarita and Ding, Hanping and Peterson, David and Gibbons, William and Zhou, Meng and Ding, Dong}
}
@article {1160,
	title = {Modeling Electrokinetics of Oxygen Electrodes in Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cells},
	journal = {Journal of The Electrochemical Society},
	volume = {168},
	year = {2021},
	month = {11/2021},
	pages = {114510},
	abstract = {A microscale model is presented in this study to simulate electrode kinetics of the oxygen electrode in a solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC). Two mixed ionic/electronic conducting structures are examined for the oxygen producing electrode in this work: single layer porous lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite (LSCF), and bilayer LSCF/SCT (strontium cobalt tantalum oxide) structures. A yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte separates the hydrogen and oxygen electrodes, as well as a gadolinium doped-ceria (GDC) buffer layer on the oxygen electrode side. Electrochemical reactions occurring at the two-phase boundaries (2PBs) and three-phase boundaries (3PBs) of single-layer LSCF and bilayer LSCF/SCT oxygen electrodes are modeled under various SOEC voltages with lattice oxygen stoichiometry as the key output. The results reveal that there exists a competition in electrode kinetics between 2PBs and 3PBs, but 3PBs are the primary reactive sites for single-layer LSCF oxygen electrode under high voltages. These locations experience the greatest oxygen stoichiometry variations and are therefore the most likely locations for dimensional changes. By applying an active SCT layer over LSCF, the 2PBs become activated to compete with the 3PBs, thus alleviating oxygen stoichiometry variations and reducing the likelihood of dimensional change. This strategy could reduce lattice structural expansion, proving to be valuable for electrode-electrolyte delamination prevention and will be the focus of future work.},
	keywords = {Barium zirconate, Defect transport, electrode-electrolyte delamination prevention, Faradaic efficiency, lattice oxygen stoichiometry, microscale model, o-SOEC, oxygen electrode, solid oxide electrolyzer cell},
	doi = {10.1149/1945-7111/ac35fc},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac35fc},
	author = {Korey Cook and Jacob Wrubel and Zhiwen Ma and Kevin Huang and Xinfang Jin}
}
@article {1161,
	title = {Multiple Reaction Pathways for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction May Contribute to IrO2 (110){\textquoteright}s High Activity},
	journal = {Journal of The Electrochemical Society},
	volume = {168},
	year = {2021},
	month = {02/2021},
	pages = {024506},
	abstract = {Density functional theory calculations in conjunction with statistical mechanical arguments are performed on the rutile IrO2 (110) facet in order to characterize multiple reaction pathways on the surface at the highest active limit (the stoichiometric surface with all metal sites available) and at the lowest active limit (the oxygen-terminated surface). Alternative pathways to the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are found, with multiple pathways determined at each step of the four proton-coupled electron transfer reaction. Of particular interest is the detailed characterization of a co-adsorption pathway utilizing neighboring, adsorbed O, OH species in order to evolve oxygen; activation energies of this pathway are <0.5 eV and therefore easily surmountable at the high operating potentials of OER. We also determined that surface Ir atoms can potentially participate in deprotonating an OOH* intermediate; the activation energy to this is 0.67 eV on the oxygen-terminated surface. These theoretical findings explain in part the high activity present in iridium oxide catalysts and also provide insight into the mechanistic pathways available on metal oxide catalysts, which may require the concerted interaction of nearest neighbor co-adsorbates to produce chemicals of interest.},
	keywords = {DFT modeling, Iridium oxide, Oxygen evolution},
	doi = {10.1149/1945-7111/abdeea},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/abdeea},
	author = {Mai-Anh Ha and Ross E. Larsen}
}
@article {1120,
	title = {Outstanding Properties and Performance of CaTi0.5Mn0.5O3{\textendash}δ for Solar-Driven Thermochemical Hydrogen Production},
	journal = {Matter},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {688-708},
	keywords = {inorganic perovskite, oxygen non-stoichiometry, phase transition, solar fuel, thermo-kinetic limit, thermochemical hydrogen production, thermodynamic properties},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2020.11.016},
	author = {X. Qian and J. He and E. Mastronardo and B. Baldassarri and W. Yuan and C. Wolverton and S. M. Haile}
}
@article {1166,
	title = {The oxygen partial pressure in solid oxide electrolysis cells with multilayer electrolytes},
	journal = {Acta Materialia},
	volume = {213},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {116928},
	abstract = {A number of degradation mechanisms have been observed during the long-term operation of solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOEC). Using an electrolyte charge carrier transport model and a diffuse interface treatment for a multilayer electrolytes, we quantify the oxygen potentials across the electrolyte and thereby provide insights into these degradation mechanisms. Our model describes the transport of charge carriers in the electrolyte when the oxygen partial pressure is extremely low by accounting for the spatial variation of the concentration of oxygen vacancies in the electrolyte which is closely related to the degradation of the SOEC near the interface of hydrogen electrode and electrolyte. Moreover, we identify four quantities that characterize the distribution of oxygen partial pressure in the electrolyte, which are directly related to the degradation mechanisms in the electrolyte as well, and give analytical estimates for them. These analytical expressions provide guidance on the parameters that need to be controlled to suppress the degradation observed in the electrolyte.},
	keywords = {Diffuse interface model, Multilayer electrolyte, Oxygen partial pressure, solid oxide electrolysis cell},
	issn = {1359-6454},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2021.116928},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359645421003086},
	author = {Qian Zhang and Qin-Yuan Liu and Beom-Kyeong Park and Scott Barnett and Peter Voorhees}
}
@article {1113,
	title = {Performance and Durability of Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers Using Down-Selected Polymer Electrolytes},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Chemistry A},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {22670-22683},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1039/D1TA06869E},
	author = {A. R. Motz and D. Li and A. Keane and L. D. Manriquez and E. J. Park and S. Maurya and H. Chung and C. Fujimoto and J. Jeon and M. K. Pagels and C. Bae and K. E. Ayers and Y. S. Kim}
}
@article {1116,
	title = {Performance and Limits of 2.0 eV Bandgap CuInGaS2 Solar Absorber Integrated With CdS Buffer on F:SnO2 Substrate for Multijunction Photovoltaic and Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Devices},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {5752-5763},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1039/D1MA00570G},
	author = {N. Gaillard and W. Septina and J. Varley and T. Ogitsu and K. K. Ohtaki and H. A. Ishii and J. P. Bradley and C. Muzzillo and K. Zhu and F. Babbe and J. Cooper}
}
@article {1162,
	title = {Performance Indicators for Benchmarking Solar Thermochemical Fuel Processes and Reactors},
	journal = {Frontiers in Energy Research},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2021},
	abstract = {Concentrated solar energy offers a source for renewable high-temperature process heat that can be used to efficiently drive endothermic chemical processes, converting the entire spectrum of solar radiation into chemical energy. In particular, solar-driven thermochemical processes for the production of fuels include reforming of methane and other hydrocarbons, gasification of biomass, coal, and other carbonaceous feedstock, and metal oxide redox cycles for splitting H2O and CO2. A notable issue in the development of these processes and their associated solar reactors is the lack of consistent reporting methods for experimental demonstrations and modelling studies, which complicates the benchmarking of the corresponding technologies. In this work we formulate dimensionless performance indicators based on mass and energy balances of such reacting systems, namely: energy efficiency, conversion extent, selectivity, and yield. Examples are outlined for the generic processes mention above. We then provide guidelines for reporting on such processes and reactors and suggest performance benchmarking on four key criteria: energy efficiency, conversion extent, product selectivity, and performance stability.},
	keywords = {benchmarking, concentrated solar power, solar fuels and chemicals, solar reactors, thermochemical processes},
	issn = {2296-598X},
	doi = {10.3389/fenrg.2021.677980},
	url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fenrg.2021.677980},
	author = {Bulfin, Brendan and Miranda, Miguel and Steinfeld, Aldo}
}
@article {1163,
	title = {Phase formation of manganese oxide thin films using pulsed laser deposition},
	journal = {Mater. Adv.},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {303-309},
	abstract = {Manganese oxides have enabled a wide range of technologies including oxygen evolution catalysts, lithium ion batteries, and thermochemical water splitting. However, the variable oxidation state and rich polymorphism of manganese oxides make it difficult to find the processing conditions to target a particular phase of manganese oxide. Targeted synthesis requires a more complete understanding of the phase space and the impact of multiple processing variables on phase formation. Here, we demonstrate the impact of substrate temperature, total deposition pressure, partial pressure of oxygen, and target composition on the phase formation of manganese oxides grown using combinatorial pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Thin films were deposited from a MnO, Mn2O3 or MnO2 target onto amorphous glass substrates with a continuously varied temperature provided by a combinatorial heater. A combination of X-ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, and Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies were used to determine the phases present in the samples. The oxygen partial pressure was found to be the critical factor determining phase formation, while the total pressure, target composition, and substrate temperature have smaller and more complex effects on phase formation. Comparing the results of this work to the published temperature{\textendash}pressure phase diagrams shows that the PLD thin films vary significantly from the expected equilibrium phases of either the bulk materials or nanoparticles. These results suggest that PLD provides a route to capture phases of manganese oxides at lower temperatures or higher oxygen pressures than those required for bulk synthesis or solution processing.},
	keywords = {Combinatorial, Manganese oxides, Pulsed laser deposition, STCH},
	doi = {10.1039/D0MA00417K},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/D0MA00417K},
	author = {Garten, Lauren M. and Selvarasu, Praneetha and Perkins, John and Ginley, David and Zakutayev, Andriy}
}
@article {1118,
	title = {Reduction Thermodynamics of Sr1-xCexMnO3 and CexSr2-xMnO4 Perovskites for Solar Thermochemical Hydrogen Production},
	journal = {Energy Technology},
	year = {2021},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202100515},
	author = {A. M. Bergeson-Keller and M. D. Sanders and R. P. O{\textquoteright}Hayre}
}
@article {1164,
	title = {Regulation of Cathode Mass and Charge Transfer by Structural 3D Engineering for Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cell at 400 {\textdegree}C (Adv. Funct. Mater. 33/2021)},
	journal = {Advanced Functional Materials},
	volume = {31},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {2170244},
	abstract = {3D Engineering In article number 2102907, Wei Wu, Meng Zhou, Dong Ding, and co-workers develop a 3D engineered cathode to enhance oxygen reduction reaction kinetics on a proton-conducting fuel cell at <600 {\textdegree}C. The results demonstrate remarkable cell performance at 400{\textendash}600 {\textdegree}C by effectively regulating the mass and charge transfer through the electrode and across the interface of electrolyte and electrode.},
	keywords = {3D engineering, charge transfer, mass transfer, oxygen reduction reaction, p-SOEC, protonic ceramic fuel cells},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202170244},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adfm.202170244},
	author = {Bian, Wenjuan and Wu, Wei and Gao, Yipeng and Gomez, Joshua Y. and Ding, Hanping and Tang, Wei and Zhou, Meng and Ding, Dong}
}
@article {1165,
	title = {Scaleup and manufacturability of symmetric-structured metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells},
	journal = {Journal of Power Sources},
	volume = {489},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {229439},
	abstract = {Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells with symmetric architecture, having metal supports on both sides of the cell, are scaled up from button cell size to large 50~cm2 active area cell size. The cells remain flat after sintering assisted by the symmetric structure. Equivalent performance is achieved for button cells and large cells, and thermal cycling and redox cycling tolerance are demonstrated for the large cells. The catalyst infiltration process is improved to enable high-throughput manufacturing. The cumbersome lab-scale molten nitrate infiltration process is replaced with a room-temperature process in which a shelf-stable aqueous solution of nitrate salts is applied to the cell by spraying, painting, or other scalable techniques. A fast-ramp thermal conversion of the nitrate salts to the final oxide catalyst composition is implemented, allowing many infiltration cycles to be accomplished in a single work shift. Increasing the number of infiltration cycles from 5 to 10 led to an increase in peak power density from approximately 0.3 to 0.52~W~cm-2.},
	keywords = {infiltration, Metal-supported, Scale up, SOFC},
	issn = {0378-7753},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.229439},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775320317225},
	author = {Emir Dogdibegovic and Yuan Cheng and Fengyu Shen and Ruofan Wang and Boxun Hu and Michael C. Tucker}
}
@article {1115,
	title = {Sensitivity and Effective Parameterization of a Multi-Scale Model of Proton-Exchange-Membrane Water Electrolysis},
	journal = {ECS Transactions},
	volume = {104},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {417-427},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1149/10408.0417ecst},
	author = {A. Dizon and J. Fornaciari and M. Rochow and A. Z. Weber}
}
@article {1121,
	title = {Techno-Economic Analysis of Thermochemical Water-Splitting System for Co-Production of Hydrogen and Electricity},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {46},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {1656-1670},
	keywords = {Techno-economic analysis},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.10.060},
	author = {V. K. Budama and N. G. Johnson and I. Ermanoski and E. B. Stechel}
}
@article {1177,
	title = {Thin film growth effects on electrical conductivity in entropy stabilized oxides},
	journal = {Journal of the European Ceramic Society},
	volume = {41},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {2617-2624},
	abstract = {Entropy stabilization has garnered significant attention as a new approach to designing novel materials. Much of the work in this area has focused on bulk ceramic processing, leaving entropy-stabilized thin films relatively under-explored. Following an extensive multi-variable investigation of polycrystalline (Mg0.2Co0.2Ni0.2Cu0.2Zn0.2)O thin films deposited via pulsed laser deposition (PLD), it is shown here that substrate temperature and deposition pressure have strong and repeatable effects on film texture and lattice parameter. Further analysis shows that films deposited at lower temperatures and under lower oxygen chamber pressure are \~{}40{\texttimes} less electrically resistive than otherwise identical films grown at higher temperature and pressure. Annealing these films in an oxygen-rich environment increases their electrical resistivity to match that of the films grown at higher temperatures and pressures. Because of this, the electric conductivity is hypothesized to be the result of polaron hopping mediated by transition metal valence changes which compensate for oxygen off-stoichiometry.},
	keywords = {electrical conductivity, Entropy, oxide, Phase, Polycrystalline oxide thin films, Pulsed laser deposition, STCH, Thin film},
	issn = {0955-2219},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2020.12.021},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955221920309900},
	author = {V. Jacobson and D. Diercks and B. To and A. Zakutayev and G. Brennecka}
}
@article {1080,
	title = {Addressing the Stability Gap in Photoelectrochemistry: Molybdenum Disulfide Protective Catalysts for Tandem III{\textendash}V Unassisted Solar Water Splitting},
	journal = {ACS Energy Letters},
	year = {2020},
	month = {07/2020},
	pages = {2631-2640},
	doi = {10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132},
	author = {Micha Ben-Naim and Reuben J. Britto and Chase W. Aldridge and Rachel Mow and Myles A. Steiner and Adam C. Nielander and Laurie A. King and Daniel J. Friedman and Todd G. Deutsch and James L. Young and Thomas F. Jaramillo}
}
@article {1127,
	title = {CeTi2O6{\textemdash}A Promising Oxide for Solar Thermochemical Hydrogen Production},
	journal = {ACS Applied Materials \& Interfaces},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {21521-21527},
	keywords = {brannerite structure, Cerium based oxides, CeTi2O6, high thermal stability, large entropy of reduction, small reduction enthalpy},
	doi = {CeTi2O6{\textemdash}A Promising Oxide for Solar Thermochemical Hydrogen Production},
	author = {S. S. Naghavi and J. He and C. Wolverton}
}
@article {1168,
	title = {Deconvolution of Water-Splitting on the Triple-Conducting Ruddlesden{\textendash}Popper-Phase Anode for Protonic Ceramic Electrolysis Cells},
	journal = {ACS Applied Materials \& Interfaces},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2020},
	note = {PMID: 33079527},
	pages = {49574-49585},
	keywords = {atomic layer, proton conductors, relaxation time distribution, ruddlesden-popper phase, steam electrolysis, triple-conducting},
	doi = {10.1021/acsami.0c12987},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c12987},
	author = {Tian, Hanchen and Li, Wenyuan and Ma, Liang and Yang, Tao and Guan, Bo and Shi, Wangying and Kalapos, Thomas L. and Liu, Xingbo}
}
@article {1169,
	title = {Degradation of solid oxide electrolysis cells: Phenomena, mechanisms, and emerging mitigation strategies{\textemdash}A review},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Science \& Technology},
	volume = {55},
	year = {2020},
	note = {SI: Energy Conversion \& Storage Materials Design, Fabrication and Functionality},
	pages = {35-55},
	abstract = {Solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) is a promising electrochemical device with high efficiency for energy storage and conversion. However, the degradation of SOEC is a significant barrier to commercial viability. In this review paper, the typical degradation phenomena of SOEC are summarized, with great attention into the anodes/oxygen electrodes, including the commonly used and newly developed anode materials. Meanwhile, mechanistic investigations on the electrode/electrolyte interfaces are provided to unveil how the intrinsic factor, oxygen partial pressure pO2, and the electrochemical operation conditions, affect the interfacial stability of SOEC. At last, this paper also presents some emerging mitigation strategies to circumvent long-term degradation, which include novel infiltration method, development of new anode materials and engineering of the microstructure.},
	keywords = {Degradation, Electrode/electrolyte interface, Mitigation, solid oxide electrolysis cell, Strategy},
	issn = {1005-0302},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2019.07.026},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1005030219302464},
	author = {Yi Wang and Wenyuan Li and Liang Ma and Wei Li and Xingbo Liu}
}
@article {1170,
	title = {Emergent Degradation Phenomena Demonstrated on Resilient, Flexible, and Scalable Integrated Photoelectrochemical Cells},
	journal = {Advanced Energy Materials},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {2002706},
	abstract = {Abstract Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting provides a pathway to generate sustainable clean fuels using the two most abundant resources on Earth: sunlight and water. Currently, most of the successful models of PEC cells are still fabricated on small scales near 1 cm2, which largely limits the mass deployment of solar-fuel production. Here, the scale-up to 8 cm2 of an integrated PEC (IPEC) device is demonstrated and its performance compared to a 1 cm2 IPEC cell, using state-of-the-art iridium and platinum catalysts with III{\textendash}V photoabsorbers. The initial photocurrents at 1 sun are 8 and 7 mA cm-2 with degradation rates of 0.60 and 0.47 mA cm-2 day-1, during unbiased operation for the 1 and 8 cm2 devices, respectively. Evaluating under outdoor and indoor conditions at two U.S. National Laboratories reveals similar results, evidencing the reproducibility of this design{\textquoteright}s performance. Furthermore, the emerging degradation mechanisms during scale-up are investigated and the knowledge gained from this work will provide feedback to the broader community, since PEC device durability is a limiting factor in its potential future deployment.},
	keywords = {durability, on-sun testing, PEC cell scale-up, reproducibility, water splitting},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202002706},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/aenm.202002706},
	author = {Kistler, Tobias A. and Zeng, Guosong and Young, James L. and Weng, Lien-Chun and Aldridge, Chase and Wyatt, Keenan and Steiner, Myles A. and Solorzano Jr., Oscar and Houle, Frances A. and Toma, Francesca M. and Weber, Adam Z. and Deutsch, Todd G. and Danilovic, Nemanja}
}
@article {1171,
	title = {Enhancement of Ni-(Y2O3)0.08(ZrO2)0.92 fuel electrode performance by infiltration of Ce0.8Gd0.2O2-: δ nanoparticles},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Chemistry A},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2020},
	note = {Funding Information: The authors gratefully acknowledge research support from the HydroGEN Advanced Water Splitting Materials Consortium, established as part of the Energy Materials Network under the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Fuel Cell Technologies Office, under Award Number DE-0008079. The electrochemical modeling work was supported nancially by the Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory under Prime Award Number DE-FE0027584 to FuelCell Energy, Inc., and under Subaward to Northwestern University. Some of the microstructural characterization was supported by National Science Foundation grants DMR-1506925 and DMR-1912530. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 The Royal Society of Chemistry.},
	pages = {4099{\textendash}4106},
	abstract = {This paper addresses the use of Ce0.8Gd0.2O2-δ (GDC) infiltration into the Ni-(Y2O3)0.08(ZrO2)0.92 (YSZ) fuel electrode of solid oxide cells (SOCs) for improving their electrochemical performance in fuel cell and electrolysis operation. Although doped ceria infiltration into Ni-YSZ has recently been shown to improve the electrode performance and stability, the mechanisms defining how GDC impacts electrochemical characteristics are not fully delineated. Furthermore, the electrochemical characteristics have not yet been determined over the full range of conditions normally encountered in fuel cell and electrolysis operation. Here we present a study of both symmetric and full cells aimed at understanding the electrochemical mechanisms of GDC-modified Ni-YSZ over a wide range of fuel compositions and temperatures. Single-step GDC infiltration at an appropriate loading substantially reduced the polarization resistance of Ni-YSZ electrodes in electrolyte-supported cells, as measured using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) at various temperatures (600-800 {\textdegree}C) in a range of H2O-H2 mixtures (3-90 vol\% H2O). Fuel-electrode-supported cells had significant concentration polarization due to the thick Ni-YSZ supports. A distribution of relaxation times approach is used to develop a physically-based electrochemical model; the results show that GDC reduces the reaction resistance associated with three-phase boundaries, but also appears to improve oxygen transport in the electrode. Increasing the H2O fraction in the H2-H2O fuel mixture reduced both the three-phase boundary resistance and the gas diffusion resistance for Ni-YSZ; with GDC infiltration, the electrode resistance showed less variation with fuel composition. GDC infiltration improved the performance of fuel-electrode-supported full cells, which yielded a maximum power density of 2.28 W cm-2 in fuel cell mode and an electrolysis current density at 1.3 V of 2.22 A cm-2, both at 800 {\textdegree}C.},
	keywords = {HTE; SOEC; Yttria-stabilized zirconia},
	issn = {2050-7488},
	doi = {10.1039/c9ta12316d},
	author = {Park, Beom Kyeong and Roberto Scipioni and Dalton Cox and Barnett, Scott A.}
}
@article {1125,
	title = {Exploring Ca{\textendash}Ce{\textendash}M{\textendash}O (M = 3d Transition Metal) Oxide Perovskites for Solar Thermochemical Applications},
	journal = {Chemistry of Materials},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {9964-9982},
	keywords = {Perovskites, Theory-driven materials discovery},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c02912},
	author = {G. Sai Gautam and E. B. Stechel and E. A. Carter}
}
@article {1126,
	title = {Favorable Redox Thermodynamics of SrTi0.5Mn0.5O3-δ in Solar Thermochemical Water Splitting},
	journal = {Chemistry of Materials},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {9335-9346},
	keywords = {Cubic perovskite, Modeling, Perovskite, SrTi0.5Mn0.5O3-δ},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c03278},
	author = {X. Qian and J. He and E. Mastronardo and B. Baldassarri and C. Wolverton and S. M. Haile}
}
@article {1129,
	title = {A First-Principles-Based Sub-Lattice Formalism for Predicting Off-Stoichiometry in Materials for Solar Thermochemical Applications: The Example of Ceria},
	journal = {Advanced Theory and Simulations},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2020},
	keywords = {off-stoichiometric materials, sub-lattice models, thermodynamic modeling},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/adts.202000112},
	author = {G. Sai Gautam and E. B. Stechel and E. A. Carter}
}
@article {1087,
	title = {Highly efficient and durable III{\textendash}V semiconductor-catalyst photocathodes via a transparent protection layer},
	journal = {Sustainable Energy Fuels},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {1437-1442},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Durable performance and high efficiency in solar-driven water splitting are great challenges not yet co-achieved in photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells. Although photovoltaic cells made from III{\textendash}V semiconductors can achieve high optical{\textendash}electrical conversion efficiency, their functional integration with electrocatalysts and operational lifetime remain great challenges. Herein, an ultra-thin TiN layer was used as a diffusion barrier on a buried junction n+p-GaInP2 photocathode, to enable elevated temperatures for subsequent catalyst growth of Ni5P4 as nano-islands without damaging the GaInP2 junction. The resulting PEC half-cell showed negligible absorption loss, with saturated photocurrent density and H2 evolution equivalent to the benchmark photocathode decorated with PtRu catalysts. High corrosion-resistant Ni5P4/TiN layers showed undiminished photocathode operation over 120 h, exceeding previous benchmarks. Etching to remove electrodeposited copper, an introduced contaminant, restored full performance, demonstrating operational ruggedness. The TiN layer expands the synthesis conditions and protects against corrosion for stable operation of III{\textendash}V PEC devices, while the Ni5P4 catalyst replaces costly and scarce noble metal catalysts.</span></p>},
	doi = {10.1039/C9SE01264H},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C9SE01264H},
	author = {Shinjae Hwang and James L. Young and Rachel Mow and Anders B. Laursen and Mengjun Li and Hongbin Yang and Philip E. Batson and Martha Greenblatt and Myles A. Steiner and Daniel Friedman and Todd G. Deutsch and Eric Garfunkel and G. Charles Dismukes}
}
@article {1172,
	title = {Highly quaternized polystyrene ionomers for high performance anion exchange membrane water electrolysers},
	journal = {Nature Energy},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2020},
	month = {3},
	keywords = {LTE; AEM electrolysis; Novel ionomer},
	doi = {10.1038/s41560-020-0577-x},
	author = {Kim, Yu Seung and Li, Dongguo and Park, Eun Joo and Wenlei, Zhu and Qiurong, Shi and Zhou, Yang and Tian, Hangyu and Lin, Yuehe and Serov, Alexey and Zulevi, Barr and Baca, Ehren Donel and Fujimoto, Cy and Chung, Hoon}
}
@article {1124,
	title = {High-Throughput Analysis of Materials for Chemical Looping Processes},
	journal = {Advanced Energy Materials},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	keywords = {chemical looping, high-throughput screening, machine learning, redox catalysis},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202000685},
	author = {N. R. Singstock and C. J. Bartel and A. M. Holder and C. B. Musgrave}
}
@article {1122,
	title = {Improved Performance and Efficiency of Lanthanum{\textendash}Strontium{\textendash}Manganese Perovskites Undergoing Isothermal Redox Cycling under Controlled pH2O/pH2},
	journal = {Energy \& Fuels},
	volume = {34},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {16918-16926},
	keywords = {Experimental, Isothermal cycling, Perovskites},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c02872},
	author = {K. Lee and D. C. McCord and R. J. Carrillo and B. Guyll and J. R. Scheffe}
}
@article {1173,
	title = {Interfacial Electromechanics Predicts Phase Behavior of 2D Hybrid Halide Perovskites},
	journal = {ACS Nano},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2020},
	note = {PMID: 32073821},
	pages = {3353-3364},
	keywords = {PEC; Perovskites; Modeling},
	doi = {10.1021/acsnano.9b09105},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b09105},
	author = {Price, Christopher C. and Blancon, Jean-Christophe and Mohite, Aditya D. and Shenoy, Vivek B.}
}
@article {1128,
	title = {Oxidation Kinetics of Hercynite Spinels for Solar Thermochemical Fuel Production},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering Journal},
	volume = {401},
	year = {2020},
	keywords = {Hercynite, In situ XPS, Reaction kinetics, Solar thermal, Thermochemical analysis},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.126015},
	author = {S. L. Millican and I. Androshchuk and J. T. Tran and R. M. Trottier and A. Bayon and Y. Al Salik and H. Idriss and C. B. Musgrave and A. W. Weimer}
}
@article {1123,
	title = {Predicting Spinel Disorder and Its Effect on Oxygen Transport Kinetics in Hercynite},
	journal = {ACS Applied Materials \& Interfaces},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {23831-23843},
	keywords = {Hercynite, Spinel},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c02819},
	author = {R. M. Trottier and Z. J. L. Bare and S. L. Millican and C. B. Musgrave}
}
@article {1175,
	title = {On the role of the zirconia/ceria interface in the degradation of solid oxide electrolysis cells},
	journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
	volume = {117},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {123906},
	keywords = {INL; o-SOEC},
	doi = {10.1063/5.0016478},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0016478},
	author = {Zhang,Qian and Park,Beom-Kyeong and Barnett,Scott and Voorhees,Peter}
}
@article {1176,
	title = {Self-sustainable protonic ceramic electrochemical cells using a triple conducting electrode for hydrogen and power production},
	journal = {Nature Communications},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2020},
	month = {4},
	keywords = {HTE; SOEC; Proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell; PrNi0.5Co0.5O3-δ perovskite},
	doi = {10.1038/s41467-020-15677-z},
	author = {Ding, Hanping and Wu, Wei and Jiang, Chao and Ding, Yong and Bian, Wenjuan and Hu, Boxun and Singh, Prabhakar and Orme, Christopher J. and Wang, Lucun and Zhang, Yunya and Ding, Dong}
}
@article {1167,
	title = {Triple ionic{\textendash}electronic conducting oxides for next-generation electrochemical devices},
	journal = {Nature Materials},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2020},
	month = {12/2020},
	keywords = {electrolysis cells, fuel cells, ionic species transport, membrane reactors, Triple ionic{\textendash}electronic conductors},
	issn = {1476-1122},
	doi = {10.1038/s41563-020-00854-8},
	url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1762454},
	author = {Papac, Meagan and Stevanovi{\'c}, Vladan and Zakutayev, Andriy and O{\textquoteright}Hayre, Ryan}
}
@article {1178,
	title = {Tungsten oxide-coated copper gallium selenide sustains long-term solar hydrogen evolution},
	journal = {Sustainable Energy \& Fuels},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2020},
	month = {12},
	keywords = {CuGaSe, durability, PEC, Photocathode, Pt hydrogen evolution catalyst, Tungsten oxide protective coating},
	doi = {10.1039/d0se00487a},
	author = {Palm, David W. and Muzzillo, Christopher P. and Ben-Naim, Micha and Khan, Imran and Gaillard, Nicolas and Jaramillo, Thomas F.}
}
@article {1179,
	title = {Understanding of A-site deficiency in layered perovskites: promotion of dual reaction kinetics for water oxidation and oxygen reduction in protonic ceramic electrochemical cells},
	journal = {J. Mater. Chem. A},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {14600-14608},
	abstract = {Protonic ceramic electrochemical cells (PCECs) are promising solid-state energy conversion devices which enable the conversion of energy between electricity and hydrogen at intermediate temperatures. Rapid conversion between chemical and electrical energy via PCEC technology will assist in overcoming grand challenges in energy storage. To achieve highly efficient reversible operation between hydrogen production and electricity generation, boosting water-oxidation and oxygen reduction activities of the oxygen electrode while maintaining the durable operation is one of the early-stage technical opportunities. In this study, an A-site deficient layered perovskite (PrBa0.8Ca0.2)0.95Co2O6-δ has been developed as an oxygen electrode for a PCEC which presents superior electrochemical performances. The electrolysis current density reached as high as -0.72 A cm-2 at 1.3 V, and a peak power density of 0.540 W cm-2 was obtained at 600 {\textdegree}C in electrolysis and fuel cell mode, respectively. The PCEC with the new electrode shows good durability under practical operating conditions for 160 hours in both operating modes with no observable degradation. The reversibility between the electrolysis and fuel cell mode is also successfully demonstrated.},
	keywords = {Durability; HTE; Layered perovskite; Protonic ceramic electrochemical cells},
	doi = {10.1039/D0TA05137C},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/D0TA05137C},
	author = {Tang, Wei and Ding, Hanping and Bian, Wenjuan and Wu, Wei and Li, Wenyuan and Liu, Xingbo and Gomez, Joshua Y. and Regalado Vera, Clarita Y. and Zhou, Meng and Ding, Dong}
}
@article {1180,
	title = {Water-Stable 1D Hybrid Tin(II) Iodide Emits Broad Light with 36\% Photoluminescence Quantum Efficiency},
	journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
	volume = {142},
	year = {2020},
	note = {PMID: 32283025},
	pages = {9028-9038},
	keywords = {Modeling, PEC, Perovskites},
	doi = {10.1021/jacs.0c03004},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.0c03004},
	author = {Spanopoulos, Ioannis and Hadar, Ido and Ke, Weijun and Guo, Peijun and Sidhik, Siraj and Kepenekian, Mika{\"e}l and Even, Jacky and Mohite, Aditya D. and Schaller, Richard D. and Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.}
}
@article {1181,
	title = {Advancement of Proton-Conducting Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells at Idaho National Laboratory (INL)},
	journal = {ECS Transactions},
	volume = {91},
	year = {2019},
	month = {07/2019},
	pages = {1029{\textendash}1034},
	abstract = {Proton conducting ceramics have been considered as a strategic material system used in solid oxide fuel cells and solid oxide electrolysis cells for electricity generation and hydrogen production. The high proton conductivity of protonic electrolyte and rapid development of robust electrode materials have significantly promoted the reduction of feasible operating temperature to intermediate temperature range (400 600 {\textdegree}C), which can attribute to favorable technical and economic advantages when they are compared with conventional oxide-ion conducting electrolyte based solid oxide cell system. In the past few years, Idaho National Laboratory has been devoted to developing advanced electrolyte and electrode materials R\&D, diverse manufacturing capability, and expanding evaluation facility for these applications, aiming to further improve performance, stability and manufacturing cost. There are some remarkable accomplishments achieved on electrode engineering, electrolyte optimization, new material down-selection and large-scale cell fabrication in Idaho National Laboratory.},
	keywords = {BCZYYb7111, HTE, NiO-BaCe0.7Zr0.1Y0.1Yb0.1O3, PrBa0.5Sr0.5Co1.5Fe0.5O3, Protonic conductor, SOEC},
	doi = {10.1149/09101.1029ecst},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1149/09101.1029ecst},
	author = {Hanping Ding and Wei Wu and Dong Ding}
}
@article {1060,
	title = {Approaches for co-sintering metal-supported proton-conducting solid oxide cells with Ba(Zr,Ce,Y,Yb)O3-δ electrolyte},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {44},
	year = {2019},
	month = {05/2019},
	pages = {13768-13776},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on May 21st, 2019. Proton conducting oxide electrolyte materials could potentially lower the operating temperature of metal-supported solid oxide cells (MS-SOCs) to the intermediate range 400 to 600\&nbsp;{\textdegree}C. The porous metal substrate provides the advantages of MS-SOCs such as high thermal and redox cycling tolerance, low-cost of structural materials, and mechanical ruggedness. In this work, the viability of co-sintering fabrication of metal-supported proton conducting solid oxide cells using BaZr1-x-yCexYyO3-δ (BZCY) is investigated. BZCY ceramics are sintered at 1450\&nbsp;{\textdegree}C in reducing environment alone and supported on FeCr alloy metal support, and key characteristics such as Ba loss, sintering behavior, and chemical compatibility with metal support are determined. Critical challenges are identified for this fabrication approach, including: Contamination of the electrolyte with Si and Cr from the metal support, incomplete electrolyte sintering, and evaporation of electrolyte constituents. Various approaches to overcome these limitations are proposed, and preliminary assessment indicates that the use of barrier layers, low-Si-content stainless steel, and sintering aids warrant further development.</span></p>},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.03.181},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319919312108},
	author = {Ruofan Wang and Grace Y. Lay and Dong Ding and Tianli Zhu}
}
@article {1061,
	title = {Assessment of co-sintering as a fabrication approach for metal-supported proton-conducting solid oxide cells},
	journal = {Solid State Ionics},
	volume = {332},
	year = {2019},
	month = {04/2019},
	pages = {25-33},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on April 1st, 2019. Proton conducting oxide electrolyte materials could potentially lower the operating temperature of metal-supported solid oxide cells (MS-SOCs) to the intermediate range 400 to 600 {\textdegree}C. The porous metal substrate provides the advantages of MS-SOCs such as high thermal and redox cycling tolerance, low-cost of structural materials, and mechanical ruggedness. In this work, viability of co-sintering fabrication of metal-supported proton conducting solid oxide cells is investigated. Candidate proton conducting oxides including perovskite oxides BaZr0.7Ce0.2Y0.1O3-δ, SrZr0.5Ce0.4Y0.1O3-δ, and Ba3Ca1.18Nb1.82O9-δ, pyrochlore oxides La1.95Ca0.05Zr2O7-δ and La2Ce2O7, and acceptor doped rare-earth ortho-niobate La0.99Ca0.01NbO4 are synthesized via solid state reactive or sol-gel methods. These ceramics are sintered at 1450 {\textdegree}C in reducing environment alone and supported on Fe-Cr alloy metal support, and their key characteristics such as phase formation, sintering property, and chemical compatibility with metal support are determined. Most electrolyte candidates suffer from one or more challenges identified for this fabrication approach, including: phase decomposition in reducing atmosphere, evaporation of electrolyte constituents, contamination of the electrolyte with Si and Cr from the metal support, and incomplete electrolyte sintering. In contrast, La0.99Ca0.01NbO4 is found to be highly compatible with the metal support and co-sintering processing in reducing atmosphere. A metal-supported cell is fabricated with La0.99Ca0.01NbO4 electrolyte, ferritic stainless steel support, Pt air electrode and nanoparticulate ceria-Ni hydrogen electrocatalyst. The total resistance is 50 Ω{\textperiodcentered}cm2 at 600 {\textdegree}C. This work clearly demonstrates the challenges, opportunities, and breakthrough of metal-supported proton-conducting solid oxide cells by co-sintering fabrication.</span></p>},
	issn = {0167-2738},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ssi.2019.01.004},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167273818309263},
	author = {Ruofan Wang and Conor Byrne and Michael C. Tucker}
}
@article {1094,
	title = {BCM polytype structures from DFT - Data and Resources},
	year = {2019},
	publisher = {EMN-H2AWSM (Energy Materials Network HydroGEN)},
	abstract = {<p><span>This dataset contains structure files and results of density functional theory (DFT) calculations for the 12R (ground state) and 10H (metastable at ambient temperature) polytypes of BaCe0.25Mn0.75O3 (BCM). Starting from the experimentally determined average crystal structures, the structures were generated by sampling of the magnetic (12R and 10H) and atomic (10H) configurations based on DFT energies.</span></p>},
	url = {https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1532370/},
	author = {Stephan Lany}
}
@article {1082,
	title = {Catalysts in electro-, photo- and photoelectrocatalytic CO2 reduction reactions},
	journal = {Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology C: Photochemistry Reviews},
	year = {2019},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on March 2nd, 2019. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is regarded as a main contributor to the greenhouse effect. As a potential strategy to mitigate its negative impacts, the reduction of CO2 is environmentally critical, economically meaningful and scientifically challenging. Being both thermodynamically and kinetically unfavored, CO2 reduction requires catalysts as a crucial component irrespective of the reaction modes, be it electrocatalytic, photoelectrocatalytic or photocatalytic. In an effort to systematically review the types of catalysts that have been studied for CO2 reduction, we categorize them into two major groups: those being activated by external sources and those being photoexcited and activated themselves. Attention is focused on the detailed mechanisms for each group by which the reduction of CO2 proceeds, yielding a summary of the guiding principles for catalyst designs. This review highlights the importance of mechanistic studies, which permits us to discuss our perspectives on potential directions of catalyst investigation for future catalytic CO2 reduction research.</span></p>},
	issn = {1389-5567},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2019.02.002},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1389556718300674},
	author = {Yawen Wang and Da He and Hongyu Chen and Dunwei Wang}
}
@article {1095,
	title = {Computational design of oxides and nitrides in the presence of defects and disorder},
	year = {2019},
	abstract = {<p><span>Published on August 29th, 2019.</span></p>},
	author = {Stephan Lany}
}
@article {1182,
	title = {Conditions for stable operation of solid oxide electrolysis cells: oxygen electrode effects},
	journal = {Energy Environ. Sci.},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {3053-3062},
	abstract = {Solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) convert renewable electricity to fuels with efficiency substantially higher than other electrolysis technologies. However, questions remain regarding degradation mechanisms that limit SOEC long-term stability. One of the key degradation mechanisms is oxygen electrode delamination; although prior studies have improved the understanding of this mechanism, it is still difficult to predict how degradation depends on SOEC materials and operating conditions, i.e., temperature, voltage, and current density. Here we present a study aimed at developing a quantitative understanding of oxygen electrode delamination. Experimentally, a life test study of symmetric and full cells with yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolytes and Gd-doped ceria (GDC) barrier layers was done with three different perovskite oxygen electrode materials. Fracture was observed at the perovskite{\textendash}GDC interface above a critical current density and below a critical operating temperature. A theory is presented that combines a calculation of the effective oxygen pressure across the electrolyte with an estimation of the pressure required for fracture. Fracture is correctly predicted for a critical oxygen partial pressure of \~{}7200 atm and an associated electrode overpotential of \~{}0.2 V, occurring at the electrode/GDC interface because of the relatively low perovskite fracture toughness. Damage at the GDC/YSZ interface was also observed in some cases and explained by a peak in the oxygen pressure at this interface.},
	keywords = {Gd-doped ceria, HTE, Perovskite, SOEC, Yttria-stabilized zirconia},
	doi = {10.1039/C9EE01664C},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C9EE01664C},
	author = {Park, Beom-Kyeong and Zhang, Qian and Voorhees, Peter W. and Barnett, Scott A.}
}
@article {1096,
	title = {Continuous on-sun solar thermochemical hydrogen production via an isothermal redox cycle},
	journal = {Applied Energy},
	volume = {249},
	year = {2019},
	month = {09/2019},
	pages = {368-376},
	abstract = {<p><span>Published in September 2019.</span></p>},
	issn = {03062619},
	doi = {10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.04.169},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0306261919308293},
	author = {Amanda L. Hoskins and Samantha L. Millican and Caitlin E. Czernik and Ibraheam Alshankiti and Judy C. Netter and Timothy J. Wendelin and Charles B. Musgrave and Alan W. Weimer}
}
@article {1083,
	title = {Creating stable interfaces between reactive materials: titanium nitride protects photoabsorber{\textendash}catalyst interface in water-splitting photocathodes},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Chemistry A},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {2400-2411},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on January 29th, 2019. The development of a solar-driven water splitting device that replaces costly precious metals, while achieving stable high performance, is a major challenge. Transition metal phosphides are active and low-cost catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), although, none thus far have exhibited stable performance when interfaced with semiconductors. Here, we report on a monolithic junction consisting of cubic-NiP2:TiN:Si, fabricated using both commercial and custom Si photovoltaics. Stable performance is achieved using an ultrathin film of crystalline TiN that effectively hinders atomic diffusion between interfaces during fabrication. Crystalline cubic-NiP2 deposited on TiN/n+p-Si retains 97\% of the bare Si photovoltage, comparable saturation current density to bare Si, and has a turnover frequency of 1.04 H2 per site per s at -100 mV applied potential. In acid, it requires only -150 mV additional overpotential compared to the benchmark, Pt/TiN/n+p-Si, to reach a HER photocurrent density of -10 mA cm-2. This photocathode maintains a stable H2 photocurrent ({\textpm}10\%) for at least 125 hours, the duration of testing. When the same layers are fabricated on a commercial Si solar cell, this photocathode produced double the photocurrent density (36.3 mA cm-2, under simulated 1.5 AM G illumination). Physical characterization gives detailed information on the properties responsible for the observed activity and durability of these interfaces. In general, the thin-film methodology presented here is widely applicable, demonstrates superior activity, and achieves long-term stability.</span></p>},
	issn = {2050-7496},
	doi = {10.1039/C8TA12186A},
	url = {https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2019/ta/c8ta12186a},
	author = {Shinjae Hwang and Spencer H. Porter and Anders B. Laursen and Hongbin Yang and Mengjun Li and Viacheslav Manichev and Karin U. D. Calvinho and Voshadhi Amarasinghe and Martha Greenblatt and Eric Garfunkel and G. Charles Dismukes}
}
@article {1084,
	title = {Dependence of interface energetics and kinetics on catalyst loading in a photoelectrochemical system},
	journal = {Nano Research},
	year = {2019},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on March 11th, 2019. Solar hydrogen production by the photoelectrochemical method promises a means to store solar energy. While it is generally understood that the process is highly sensitive to the nature of the interface between the semiconductor and the electrolyte, a detailed understanding of this interface is still missing. For instance, few prior studies have established a clear relationship between the interface energetics and the catalyst loading amount. Here we aim to study this relationship on a prototypical Si-based photoelectrochemical system. Two types of interfaces were examined, one with GaN nanowires as a protection layer and one without. It was found that when GaN was present, higher Pt loading (\&gt; 0.1 μg/cm2) led to not only better water reduction (and, hence, hydrogen evolution) kinetics but also more favorable interface energetics for greater photovoltages. In the absence of the protection layer, by stark contrast, increased Pt loading exhibited no measurable influence on the interface energetics, and the main difference was observed only in the hydrogen evolution kinetics. The study sheds new light on the importance of interface engineering for further improvement of photoelectrochemical systems, especially concerning the role of catalysts and protection layers.</span></p>},
	issn = {1998-0000},
	doi = {10.1007/s12274-019-2346-3},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-019-2346-3},
	author = {Yumin He and Srinivas Vanka and Tianyue Gao and Da He and Jeremy Espano and Yanyan Zhao and Qi Dong and Chaochao Lang and Yongjie Wang and Thomas W. Hamann and Zetian Mi and Dunwei Wang}
}
@article {1183,
	title = {Direct Deposition of Crystalline Ta3N5 Thin Films on FTO for PEC Water Splitting},
	journal = {ACS Applied Materials \& Interfaces},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {15457-15466},
	keywords = {ALD, CVD, FTO, PEC, Photoanode, Ta3N5, Tantalum nitride},
	doi = {10.1021/acsami.8b21194},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b21194},
	author = {Hajibabaei, Hamed and Little, Daniel J. and Pandey, Ayush and Wang, Dunwei and Mi, Zetian and Hamann, Thomas W.}
}
@article {1184,
	title = {Effect of direct-current operation on the electrochemical performance and structural evolution of Ni-YSZ electrodes},
	journal = {Journal of Physics: Energy},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2019},
	month = {12/2019},
	pages = {014006},
	abstract = {The effect of electrolysis operations on Ni-YSZ fuel electrode stability was studied at different current densities and fuel mixtures during 1000 h life tests. For a typical electrolysis mixture of 50\% H2/50\% H2O and 0.6 A cm-2 current density, cell ohmic resistance values were reasonably stable and no structural changes occurred. However, for more reducing conditions (97\% H2/3\% H2O), increasing the current density above 0.4 A cm-2 increased the ohmic resistance accompanied by significant electrolyte degradation including fracture and void formation at grain boundaries. Numerical analysis was carried out to determine the effective oxygen partial pressure across the electrolyte. The results show that the oxygen partial pressure values at high current density and low steam content may be low enough to reduce zirconia to form a Ni-Zr alloy product, initiating the observed electrolyte structural degradation.},
	keywords = {durability, HTE, SOEC, Yttria-stabilized zirconia},
	doi = {10.1088/2515-7655/ab59a6},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7655/ab59a6},
	author = {Qinyuan Liu and Qian Zhang and Peter W Voorhees and Scott A Barnett}
}
@article {1185,
	title = {Ferritic stainless steel interconnects for protonic ceramic electrochemical cell stacks: Oxidation behavior and protective coatings},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {44},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {25297-25309},
	abstract = {Protonic ceramic fuel or electrolysis cells (PCFC/PCEC) have shown promising performance at intermediate temperatures. However, these technologies have not yet been demonstrated in a stack, hence the oxidation behavior of the metallic interconnect under relevant operating environments is unknown. In this work, ferritic stainless steels 430 SS, 441 SS, and Crofer 22 APU were investigated for their use as interconnect materials in the PCFC/PCEC stack. The bare metal sheets were exposed to a humidified air environment in the temperature range from 450~{\textdegree}C to 650~{\textdegree}C, to simulate their application in a PCFC cathode or PCEC anode. Breakaway oxidation with rapid weight gain and Fe outward diffusion/oxidation was observed on all the selected stainless steel materials. A protective coating is deemed necessary to prevent the metallic interconnect from oxidizing. To mitigate the observed breakaway oxidation, state-of-the-art protective coatings, Y2O3, Ce0.02Mn1.49Co1.49O4, CuMn1.8O4 and Ce/Co, were applied to the stainless steel sheets and their oxidation resistance was investigated. Dual atmosphere testing further validated the effectiveness of the protective coatings in realistic PCFC/PCEC environments, with a hydrogen gradient across the interconnect. Several combinations of metal and coating material were found to be viable for use as the interconnect for PCFC/PCEC stacks.},
	keywords = {Dual atmosphere, Interconnect oxidation, Oxidation, Protective coatings, Protonic ceramic electrolysis cell, Protonic ceramic fuel cell},
	issn = {0360-3199},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.08.041},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319919329581},
	author = {Ruofan Wang and Zhihao Sun and Jung-Pyung Choi and Soumendra N. Basu and Jeffry W. Stevenson and Michael C. Tucker}
}
@article {1186,
	title = {High performance III-V photoelectrodes for solar water splitting via synergistically tailored structure and stoichiometry},
	journal = {Nature Communications},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {3388},
	keywords = {Ammonium sulfide surface passivation, Antireflection, Density graded surface, GaInP2, III-V, PEC, Photocathode},
	doi = {10.1038/s41467-019-11351-1},
	author = {Lim, Haneol and Young, James L. and Geisz, John F. and Friedman, Daniel J. and Deutsch, Todd G. and Yoon, Jongseung}
}
@inbook {1073,
	title = {HydroGEN Overview: A Consortium on Advanced Water Splitting Materials (AWSM)},
	booktitle = {FY 2018 DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program Annual Progress Report},
	year = {2019},
	author = {Huyen N. Dinh and R Boardman and A.H. McDaniel and H Colon-Mercado and T. Ogitsu and A.Z. Weber}
}
@article {1081,
	title = {An In0.42Ga0.58N tunnel junction nanowire photocathode monolithically integrated on a nonplanar Si wafer},
	journal = {Nano Energy},
	volume = {57},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {405-413},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on March 1st, 2019. Group III-nitride semiconductors exhibit many ideal characteristics for solar water splitting, including a tunable energy bandgap across nearly the entire solar spectrum and suitable band edge positions for water oxidation and proton reduction under visible and near-infrared light irradiation. To date, however, the best reported energy conversion efficiency for III-nitride semiconductor photocathodes is still below 1\%. Here we report on the demonstration of a relatively efficient p-type In0.42Ga0.58N photocathode, which is monolithically integrated on an n-type nonplanar Si wafer through a GaN nanowire tunnel junction. The open pillar design, together with the nonplanar Si wafer can significantly maximize light trapping, whereas the tunnel junction reduces the interfacial resistance and enhances the extraction of photo-generated electrons. In addition, photodeposited Pt nanoparticles on InGaN nanowire surfaces significantly improve the cathodic performance. The nanowire photocathode exhibits a photocurrent density of 12.3 mA cm-2 at 0 V vs. RHE and an onset potential of 0.79 V vs. RHE under AM 1.5 G one-sun illumination. The maximum applied bias photon-to-current efficiency reaches 4\% at ~0.52 V vs. RHE, which is one order of magnitude higher than the previously reported values for III-nitride photocathodes. Significantly, no performance degradation was measured for over 30 h solar water splitting with a steady photocurrent density ~12 mA cm-2 without using any extra surface protection, which is attributed to the spontaneous formation of N-terminated surfaces of InGaN nanowires to protect against photocorrosion.</span></p>},
	issn = {2211-2855},
	doi = {10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.12.067},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211285518309807},
	author = {Yongjie Wang and Srinivas Vanka and Jiseok Gim and Yuanpeng Wu and Ronglei Fan and Yazhou Zhang and Jinwen Shi and Mingrong Shen and Robert Hovden and Zetian Mi}
}
@article {1065,
	title = {Initial approaches in benchmarking and round robin testing for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {44},
	year = {2019},
	month = {04/2019},
	pages = {9174-9187},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on April 5th, 2019. As ever-increasing amounts of renewable electricity enter the energy supply mix on a regional, national and international basis, greater emphasis is being placed on energy conversion and storage technologies to deal with the oscillations, excess and lack of electricity. Hydrogen generation via proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is one technology that offers a pathway to store large amounts of electricity in the form of hydrogen. The challenges to widespread adoption of PEM water electrolyzers lie in their high capital and operating costs which both need to be reduced through R\&amp;D. An evaluation of reported PEMWE performance data in the literature reveals that there are excessive variations of in situ performance results that make it difficult to draw conclusions on the pathway forward to performance optimization and future R\&amp;D directions. To enable the meaningful comparison of in situ performance evaluation across laboratories there is an obvious need for standardization of materials and testing protocols. Herein, we address this need by reporting the results of a round robin test effort conducted at the laboratories of five contributors to the IEA Electrolysis Annex 30. For this effort a method and equipment framework were first developed and then verified with respect to its feasibility for measuring water electrolysis performance accurately across the various laboratories. The effort utilized identical sets of test articles, materials, and test cells, and employed a set of shared test protocols. It further defined a minimum skeleton of requirements for the test station equipment. The maximum observed deviation between laboratories at 1\&nbsp;A\&nbsp;cm-2 at cell temperatures of 60\&nbsp;{\textdegree}C and 80\&nbsp;{\textdegree}C was 27 and 20\&nbsp;mV, respectively. The deviation of the results from laboratory to laboratory was 2{\textendash}3 times higher than the lowest deviation observed at one single lab and test station. However, the highest deviations observed were one-tenth of those extracted by a literature survey on similar material sets. The work endorses the urgent need to identify one or more reference sets of materials in addition to the method and equipment framework introduced here, to enable accurate comparison of results across the entire community. The results further imply that cell temperature control appears to be the most significant source of deviation between results, and that care must be taken with respect to break-in conditions and cell electrical connections for meaningful performance data.</span></p>},
	issn = {0360-3199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.02.074},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319919306585},
	author = {G. Bender and M. Carmo and T. Smolinka and A. Gago and N. Danilovic and M. Mueller and F. Ganci and A. Fallisch and P. Lettenmeier and K. A. Friedrich and K. Ayers and B. Pivovar and J. Mergel and D. Stolten}
}
@article {796,
	title = {Integrated Membrane-Electrode-Assembly Photoelectrochemical Cell under Various Feed Conditions for Solar Water Splitting},
	journal = {Journal of The Electrochemical Society},
	volume = {166},
	year = {2019},
	note = {<p>{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n\&nbsp;\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}</p>},
	pages = {H3020-H3028},
	issn = {0013-4651, 1945-7111},
	doi = {10.1149/2.0041905jes},
	url = {http://jes.ecsdl.org/lookup/doi/10.1149/2.0041905jes},
	author = {Tobias A. Kistler and David Larson and Karl Walczak and Peter Agbo and Ian D. Sharp and Adam Z. Weber and Nemanja Danilovic}
}
@article {1066,
	title = {Interfacial Analysis of PEM Electrolyzer Using X-ray Computed Tomography},
	journal = {Sustainable Energy \& Fuels},
	year = {2019},
	doi = {10.1039/C9SE00364A},
	url = {https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2019/se/c9se00364a},
	author = {Emily Leonard and Andrew D.~Shum and Nemaja Danilovic and Christopher Capuano and Katherine E.~Ayers and Lalit Pant and Adam Z Weber and Xianghui Xiao and Dilworth Parkinson and Iryna V~Zenyuk}
}
@article {1187,
	title = {Interfacial engineering of gallium indium phosphide photoelectrodes for hydrogen evolution with precious metal and non-precious metal based catalysts},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Chemistry A},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {16821-16832},
	abstract = {Gallium indium phosphide (GaInP2) is a semiconductor with promising optical and electronic properties to serve as the large bandgap, top junction in a dual absorber tandem solar water splitting device. Poor intrinsic catalytic ability and surface corrosion in aqueous electrolyte remain key obstacles. Significant progress has been made developing thin-film protection layers and active catalysts for photoelectrochemical devices, but combining these into a catalytic protection layer that can provide long-term stability without sacrificing performance has proven difficult due, in large part, to challenges in developing active and stable interfaces. In this work, we demonstrate that a nanoscale molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) film functions both as an effective protection layer and excellent hydrogen evolution catalyst for GaInP2 photocathodes, with only a \~{}10\% loss in initial light-limited current density after 100 h, and a photocurrent onset potential better than that of the same state-of-the-art device with a platinum{\textendash}ruthenium catalyst. Using transient photoreflectance spectroscopy, we probed the carrier dynamics of these photocathodes and show that the MoS2 coated device exhibits improved electron transfer at the surface interface compared to the PtRu catalyzed device. These MoS2 protected devices are among the most active and stable single-absorber photocathodes for solar water splitting to date and offer a promising pathway towards generating hydrogen with high efficiency and significant longevity.},
	keywords = {durability, GaInP2, III-V, MoS2 hydrogen evolution catalyst, MoS2 protective coating, PEC, Photocathode},
	doi = {10.1039/C9TA05247J},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C9TA05247J},
	author = {Britto, Reuben J. and Young, James L. and Yang, Ye and Steiner, Myles A. and LaFehr, David T. and Friedman, Daniel J. and Beard, Mathew and Deutsch, Todd G. and Jaramillo, Thomas F.}
}
@article {1067,
	title = {Investigation of porous transport layer parameters for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis},
	year = {2019},
	abstract = {<div class="col" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 50\%; width: 424.875px; max-width: 100\%; position: relative; min-width: 0px; color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; background-color: $\#$fafafa;"><ol class="metadata-list" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 7px; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: 0px; list-style-type: none;"><li class="metadata select itemType" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; display: flex; padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px;" data-key="itemType"><div class="value" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; padding-left: 6px;"><div class="input-group select" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 auto; display: flex; min-width: 0px; position: relative;"><div class="Select pseudo-editable has-value is-disabled is-searchable Select--single" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; min-width: 0px; line-height: normal;"><div class="Select-control" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; border-radius: 3px; transition: none 0s ease 0s; cursor: unset; background-color: transparent; padding: 2px; position: relative; width: calc(100\% + 6px); margin: -3px; border: 1px solid transparent;"><div id="react-select-170--value" class="Select-multi-value-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; min-width: 0px;"><div class="Select-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; position: absolute; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; left: 0px; padding-right: 16px; padding-left: 2px;"><span id="react-select-170--value-item" class="Select-value-label" style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis;">Presentation</span></div><div class="Select-input" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; max-width: 100\%; overflow: hidden; width: 1px; display: inline-block;" tabindex="0">\&nbsp;</div></div></div></div></div></div></li><li class="metadata title" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; display: flex; padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px;" data-key="title"><div class="key" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; color: $\#$737373; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 33\%; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; -webkit-box-pack: end; justify-content: flex-end; padding-right: 6px;"><label style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; line-height: normal; user-select: none;" for="title">Title</label></div><div class="value" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; padding-left: 6px;"><div class="editable textarea disabled" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 auto; min-width: 0px; line-height: normal; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px;"><div class="editable-content" style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: pre-wrap; padding-right: 2px; padding-left: 2px; width: calc(100\% + 6px); margin: -1px -3px; border-radius: 3px; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 1.539; border: 1px solid transparent;">Investigation of porous transport layer parameters for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis</div></div></div></li><li class="metadata creators-entry creators-oneslot metadata" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; display: flex; padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px;"><div class="key" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; color: $\#$737373; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 33\%; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; -webkit-box-pack: end; justify-content: flex-end; padding-right: 6px;"><div class="input-group select" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; display: flex; min-width: 0px; position: relative; max-width: 100\%;"><div class="Select form-control form-control-sm has-value is-disabled Select--single" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; width: 58.5938px; background-color: transparent; appearance: none; transition: border-color 0.15s ease 0s, box-shadow 0.15s ease 0s, -webkit-box-shadow 0.15s ease 0s; position: relative; min-width: 0px; border-width: initial; border-style: none; border-radius: 3px; line-height: normal; user-select: none;"><div class="Select-control" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; border-radius: 3px; transition: border 0.15s ease 0s, box-shadow 0.15s ease 0s, -webkit-box-shadow 0.15s ease 0s; cursor: default; border-width: initial; border-style: none; background-color: transparent; position: relative; -webkit-box-pack: end; justify-content: flex-end; box-shadow: none;"><div id="react-select-171--value" class="Select-multi-value-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; min-width: 0px; max-width: 100\%;"><div class="Select-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; position: static; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; left: 0px; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; max-width: 100\%;"><span id="react-select-171--value-item" class="Select-value-label" style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis;">Presenter</span></div><div class="Select-input" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; max-width: 100\%; overflow: hidden; position: absolute; width: 1px; display: inline-block;" tabindex="0">\&nbsp;</div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="value" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; padding-left: 6px;"><div class="editable disabled" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; min-width: 0px; line-height: normal; margin-right: 6px;"><div class="editable-content" style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: nowrap; padding: 2px; width: calc(100\% + 6px); margin: -3px; border-radius: 3px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; border: 1px solid transparent;">Zhenye Kang</div></div></div></li><li class="metadata creators-entry creators-oneslot metadata" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; display: flex; padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px;"><div class="key" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; color: $\#$737373; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 33\%; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; -webkit-box-pack: end; justify-content: flex-end; padding-right: 6px;"><div class="input-group select" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; display: flex; min-width: 0px; position: relative; max-width: 100\%;"><div class="Select form-control form-control-sm has-value is-disabled Select--single" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; width: 69.4531px; background-color: transparent; appearance: none; transition: border-color 0.15s ease 0s, box-shadow 0.15s ease 0s, -webkit-box-shadow 0.15s ease 0s; position: relative; min-width: 0px; border-width: initial; border-style: none; border-radius: 3px; line-height: normal; user-select: none;"><div class="Select-control" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; border-radius: 3px; transition: border 0.15s ease 0s, box-shadow 0.15s ease 0s, -webkit-box-shadow 0.15s ease 0s; cursor: default; border-width: initial; border-style: none; background-color: transparent; position: relative; -webkit-box-pack: end; justify-content: flex-end; box-shadow: none;"><div id="react-select-172--value" class="Select-multi-value-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; min-width: 0px; max-width: 100\%;"><div class="Select-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; position: static; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; left: 0px; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; max-width: 100\%;"><span id="react-select-172--value-item" class="Select-value-label" style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis;">Contributor</span></div><div class="Select-input" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; max-width: 100\%; overflow: hidden; position: absolute; width: 1px; display: inline-block;" tabindex="0">\&nbsp;</div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="value" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; padding-left: 6px;"><div class="editable disabled" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; min-width: 0px; line-height: normal; margin-right: 6px;"><div class="editable-content" style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: nowrap; padding: 2px; width: calc(100\% + 6px); margin: -3px; border-radius: 3px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; border: 1px solid transparent;">Shaun M. Alia</div></div></div></li><li class="metadata creators-entry creators-oneslot metadata" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; display: flex; padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px;"><div class="key" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; color: $\#$737373; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 33\%; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; -webkit-box-pack: end; justify-content: flex-end; padding-right: 6px;"><div class="input-group select" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; display: flex; min-width: 0px; position: relative; max-width: 100\%;"><div class="Select form-control form-control-sm has-value is-disabled Select--single" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; width: 69.4531px; background-color: transparent; appearance: none; transition: border-color 0.15s ease 0s, box-shadow 0.15s ease 0s, -webkit-box-shadow 0.15s ease 0s; position: relative; min-width: 0px; border-width: initial; border-style: none; border-radius: 3px; line-height: normal; user-select: none;"><div class="Select-control" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; border-radius: 3px; transition: border 0.15s ease 0s, box-shadow 0.15s ease 0s, -webkit-box-shadow 0.15s ease 0s; cursor: default; border-width: initial; border-style: none; background-color: transparent; position: relative; -webkit-box-pack: end; justify-content: flex-end; box-shadow: none;"><div id="react-select-173--value" class="Select-multi-value-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; min-width: 0px; max-width: 100\%;"><div class="Select-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; position: static; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; left: 0px; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; max-width: 100\%;"><span id="react-select-173--value-item" class="Select-value-label" style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis;">Contributor</span></div><div class="Select-input" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; max-width: 100\%; overflow: hidden; position: absolute; width: 1px; display: inline-block;" tabindex="0">\&nbsp;</div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="value" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; padding-left: 6px;"><div class="editable disabled" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; min-width: 0px; line-height: normal; margin-right: 6px;"><div class="editable-content" style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: nowrap; padding: 2px; width: calc(100\% + 6px); margin: -3px; border-radius: 3px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; border: 1px solid transparent;">James L. Young</div></div></div></li><li class="metadata creators-entry creators-oneslot metadata" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; display: flex; padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px;"><div class="key" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; color: $\#$737373; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 33\%; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; -webkit-box-pack: end; justify-content: flex-end; padding-right: 6px;"><div class="input-group select" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; display: flex; min-width: 0px; position: relative; max-width: 100\%;"><div class="Select form-control form-control-sm has-value is-disabled Select--single" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; width: 69.4531px; background-color: transparent; appearance: none; transition: border-color 0.15s ease 0s, box-shadow 0.15s ease 0s, -webkit-box-shadow 0.15s ease 0s; position: relative; min-width: 0px; border-width: initial; border-style: none; border-radius: 3px; line-height: normal; user-select: none;"><div class="Select-control" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; border-radius: 3px; transition: border 0.15s ease 0s, box-shadow 0.15s ease 0s, -webkit-box-shadow 0.15s ease 0s; cursor: default; border-width: initial; border-style: none; background-color: transparent; position: relative; -webkit-box-pack: end; justify-content: flex-end; box-shadow: none;"><div id="react-select-174--value" class="Select-multi-value-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; min-width: 0px; max-width: 100\%;"><div class="Select-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; position: static; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; left: 0px; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; max-width: 100\%;"><span id="react-select-174--value-item" class="Select-value-label" style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis;">Contributor</span></div><div class="Select-input" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; max-width: 100\%; overflow: hidden; position: absolute; width: 1px; display: inline-block;" tabindex="0">\&nbsp;</div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="value" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; padding-left: 6px;"><div class="editable disabled" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; min-width: 0px; line-height: normal; margin-right: 6px;"><div class="editable-content" style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: nowrap; padding: 2px; width: calc(100\% + 6px); margin: -3px; border-radius: 3px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; border: 1px solid transparent;">Guido Bender</div></div></div></li><li class="metadata presentationType" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; display: flex; padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px;" data-key="presentationType"><div class="key" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; color: $\#$737373; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 33\%; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; -webkit-box-pack: end; justify-content: flex-end; padding-right: 6px;"><label style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; line-height: normal; user-select: none;" for="presentationType">Type</label></div><div class="value" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; padding-left: 6px;"><div class="editable textarea disabled" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 auto; min-width: 0px; line-height: normal; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px;"><div class="editable-content" style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: pre-wrap; padding-right: 2px; padding-left: 2px; width: calc(100\% + 6px); margin: -1px -3px; border-radius: 3px; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 1.539; border: 1px solid transparent;">LTE</div></div></div></li><li class="metadata date" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; display: flex; padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px;" data-key="date"><div class="key" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; color: $\#$737373; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 33\%; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; -webkit-box-pack: end; justify-content: flex-end; padding-right: 6px;"><label style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; line-height: normal; user-select: none;" for="date">Date</label></div><div class="value" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; padding-left: 6px;"><div class="editable textarea disabled" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 auto; min-width: 0px; line-height: normal; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px;"><div class="editable-content" style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: pre-wrap; padding-right: 2px; padding-left: 2px; width: calc(100\% + 6px); margin: -1px -3px; border-radius: 3px; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 1.539; border: 1px solid transparent;">2019</div></div></div></li><li class="metadata place" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; display: flex; padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px;" data-key="place"><div class="key" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; color: $\#$737373; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 33\%; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; -webkit-box-pack: end; justify-content: flex-end; padding-right: 6px;"><label style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; line-height: normal; user-select: none;" for="place">Place</label></div><div class="value" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; padding-left: 6px;"><div class="editable textarea disabled" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 auto; min-width: 0px; line-height: normal; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px;"><div class="editable-content" style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: pre-wrap; padding-right: 2px; padding-left: 2px; width: calc(100\% + 6px); margin: -1px -3px; border-radius: 3px; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 1.539; border: 1px solid transparent;">Hilton Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA</div></div></div></li><li class="metadata meetingName" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; display: flex; padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px;" data-key="meetingName"><div class="key" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; color: $\#$737373; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 33\%; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; -webkit-box-pack: end; justify-content: flex-end; padding-right: 6px;"><label style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; line-height: normal; user-select: none;" for="meetingName">Meeting Name</label></div><div class="value" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; padding-left: 6px;"><div class="editable textarea disabled" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 auto; min-width: 0px; line-height: normal; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px;"><div class="editable-content" style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: pre-wrap; padding-right: 2px; padding-left: 2px; width: calc(100\% + 6px); margin: -1px -3px; border-radius: 3px; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 1.539; border: 1px solid transparent;">236th ECS Meeting</div></div></div></li><li class="metadata interactable url" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; display: flex; padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px;" data-key="url"><div class="key" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; color: $\#$737373; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 33\%; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; -webkit-box-pack: end; justify-content: flex-end; padding-right: 6px;"><label style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: inherit; overflow: inherit; text-overflow: inherit; line-height: normal; user-select: none;" for="url"><a style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; cursor: pointer; color: inherit; vertical-align: middle;" href="http://ma.ecsdl.org/content/MA2019-02/37/1747.short" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer">URL</a></label></div><div class="value" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; padding-left: 6px;"><div class="editable disabled" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 auto; min-width: 0px; line-height: normal;"><a style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; cursor: pointer; color: inherit;" href="http://ma.ecsdl.org/content/MA2019-02/37/1747.short" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer">http://ma.ecsdl.org/content/MA2019-02/37/1747.short</a></div></div></li><li class="metadata dateAdded" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; display: flex; padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px;" data-key="dateAdded"><div class="key" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; color: $\#$737373; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 33\%; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; -webkit-box-pack: end; justify-content: flex-end; padding-right: 6px;"><label style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; line-height: normal; user-select: none;" for="dateAdded">Date Added</label></div><div class="value" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; padding-left: 6px;"><div class="editable textarea disabled" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 auto; min-width: 0px; line-height: normal; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px;"><div class="editable-content" style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: pre-wrap; padding-right: 2px; padding-left: 2px; width: calc(100\% + 6px); margin: -1px -3px; border-radius: 3px; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 1.539; border: 1px solid transparent;">11/6/2019, 10:47:45 AM</div></div></div></li><li class="metadata dateModified" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; display: flex; padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px;" data-key="dateModified"><div class="key" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; color: $\#$737373; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 33\%; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; -webkit-box-pack: end; justify-content: flex-end; padding-right: 6px;"><label style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; line-height: normal; user-select: none;" for="dateModified">Date Modified</label></div><div class="value" style="box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 24px; overflow: visible; min-width: 0px; display: flex; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0px; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; padding-left: 6px;"><div class="editable textarea disabled" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 auto; min-width: 0px; line-height: normal; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px;"><div class="editable-content" style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: pre-wrap; padding-right: 2px; padding-left: 2px; width: calc(100\% + 6px); margin: -1px -3px; border-radius: 3px; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 1.539; border: 1px solid transparent;">12/6/2019, 1:28:14 PM</div></div></div></li></ol></div><div class="col" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 50\%; width: 424.875px; max-width: 100\%; position: relative; min-width: 0px; color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; background-color: $\#$fafafa;"><section class="abstract" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 12px; padding-bottom: 8px;"><h6 class="h2 abstract-heading" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; color: $\#$737373; margin-top: 7px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-weight: 400; font-size: 13px; line-height: 24px; cursor: default; user-select: none; pointer-events: none; padding-bottom: 2px;">Abstract</h6><div class="abstract-body" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div class="editable textarea disabled" style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 auto; min-width: 0px; line-height: normal;"><div class="editable-content" style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: pre-wrap; padding-right: 2px; padding-left: 2px; width: calc(100\% + 6px); margin: -1px -3px; border-radius: 3px; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 1.539; border: 1px solid transparent;">Published on October 17th, 2019 Hydrogen production through proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is regarded as a very promising technology that offers a highly efficient and robust path to store electrical energy in form of hydrogen and further enables the integration of renewable energy into the electrical grid 1-3. The total cell voltage of a single PEM water electrolyzer cell is composed of the open circuit voltage, activation overpotential, diffusion overpotential, and ohmic loss overpotential 4. The total voltage of the cell can be expressed as Eq(1) 5. V=V_OCV+V_act+V_ohm+V_diff (1) Where V_OCV is the Nernst potential which is also called the reversible voltage and can be calculated from the Nernst equation or Gibbs free energy, V_act is the activation overpotential due to the electrochemical reaction and it represents the overpotential to drive the electron transfer and electrochemical reaction kinetics as described by the Butler-Volmer model, V_ohm is the ohmic overpotential caused by the resistances of the electronic/ionic components and interfacial contact resistances, and V_diff is the diffusion overpotential related to mass transport. Porous transport layers (PTLs) are key components in PEMWE. They facilitate mass transport, thermal and electrical conduction, and are required to sustain a good contact with adjacent components 6-8. It is expected that various PTLs with different structures and wettability exhibit nonidentical performance in PEMWE. In this study, a general model is established to investigate the PTL parameters of four inherently different PTLs, including non-treated Toray paper, PTFE treated Toray paper, sintered titanium particles and Ti felt. SEM images highlighting the structures of these PTL materials are shown in Figure 1. The materials, which differed in thickness, porosity, material and composition were evaluated with identical MEAs over a range of operating conditions for model validation. The resulting data indicate that the hydrophobic additives in the Toray paper will decrease the PEMWE performance due to increased mass transport loss and ohmic loss. Ti felt with similar thickness and porosity as non-treated Toray paper showed slightly reduced performance due to its higher ohmic loss. Sintered Ti particle PTLs exhibit much higher ohmic resistance than Ti felt and nontreated Toray paper, which may be attributed to its significantly larger thickness and/or an increased contact resistance. The experimental data was employed to validate the MATLAB/Simulink model which enables the simulation of the contribution of each overpotential. The model was used to successfully describe the effects of PTFE loading on PEMWE performance, as shown in Figure 2. The hydrophobic treatment resulted, as expected, in detrimental performance effects. The diffusion loss of a 20\% PTFE treated Toray paper is significantly higher than that of the nontreated PTLs (Figure 2). The modeling results also indicate that the change of the wettability of the PTLs by hydrophobic additives/agents, impacted not only the diffusion loss significantly, but also affected the ohmic loss and activation loss. This was specifically detrimental to PEMWE cell performance when operating at high current densities. The model that was validated in this study can be used to predict the effects of key PTL parameters and utilized to optimize PEMWE performance.</div></div></div></section></div>},
	url = {http://ma.ecsdl.org/content/MA2019-02/37/1747.short},
	author = {Zhenye Kang and Shaun M. Alia and James L. Young and Guido Bender}
}
@article {1068,
	title = {Iridium Oxygen Evolution Activity and Durability Baselines in Rotating Disk Electrode Half-Cells},
	journal = {Journal of The Electrochemical Society},
	volume = {166},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {F282-F294},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">This paper evaluates iridium (Ir) and Ir oxide nanoparticles for baseline oxygen evolution performance and durability in rotating disk electrode (RDE) half-cells. These efforts address a literature gap, developing best practices for RDE testing by focusing on ink preparation and test protocols that affect measured activities. While Ir nanoparticles produce double the mass activity of Ir oxide in half-cells, the benefit is not observed in single-cells due to near-surface oxidation during conditioning. Ir oxide nanoparticle durability, however, is improved in both RDE and membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) due to slower dissolution kinetics. Establishing separate Ir and Ir oxide baselines are critical since RDE may overestimate Ir performance and underestimate Ir durability when compared to Ir oxide in MEAs. While half-cells may be a reasonable gauge for oxygen evolution performance, the technique is limited in approximating long-term durability since dissolution dominates loss at electrolysis-relevant potentials.</span></p>},
	issn = {0013-4651, 1945-7111},
	doi = {10.1149/2.0731904jes},
	url = {http://jes.ecsdl.org/content/166/4/F282},
	author = {Shaun M. Alia and Grace C. Anderson}
}
@article {1188,
	title = {Long-term stability studies of a semiconductor photoelectrode in three-electrode configuration},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Chemistry A},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {27612-27619},
	abstract = {Improving the stability of semiconductor materials is one of the major challenges for sustainable and economic photoelectrochemical water splitting. N-terminated GaN nanostructures have emerged as a practical protective layer for conventional high efficiency but unstable Si and III{\textendash}V photoelectrodes due to their near-perfect conduction band-alignment, which enables efficient extraction of photo-generated electrons, and N-terminated surfaces, which protects against chemical and photo-corrosion. Here, we demonstrate that Pt-decorated GaN nanostructures on an n+{\textendash}p Si photocathode can exhibit an ultrahigh stability of 3000 h (i.e., over 500 days for usable sunlight \~{}5.5 h per day) at a large photocurrent density (>35 mA cm-2) in three-electrode configuration under AM 1.5G one-sun illumination. The measured applied bias photon-to-current efficiency of 11.9\%, with an excellent onset potential of \~{}0.56 V vs. RHE, is one of the highest values reported for a Si photocathode under AM 1.5G one-sun illumination. This study provides a paradigm shift for the design and development of semiconductor photoelectrodes for PEC water splitting: stability is no longer limited by the light absorber, but rather by co-catalyst particles.},
	keywords = {durability, GaN nanowires, PEC, Photocathode, Pt hydrogen evolution catalyst, Silicon},
	doi = {10.1039/C9TA09926C},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C9TA09926C},
	author = {Vanka, Srinivas and Sun, Kai and Zeng, Guosong and Pham, Tuan Anh and Toma, Francesca Maria and Ogitsu, Tadashi and Mi, Zetian}
}
@article {1189,
	title = {Metal-Supported Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell with Significantly Enhanced Catalysis},
	journal = {Energy Technology},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {1801154},
	abstract = {High-temperature electrolysis (HTE) using solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) is a promising hydrogen production technology and has attracted substantial research attention over the last decade. While most studies are conducted on hydrogen electrode-supported type cells, SOEC operation using metal-supported cells has received minimal attention. The development of metal-supported SOECs with performance similar to the best conventional SOECs is reported. These cells have stainless steel supports on both sides, 10Sc1CeSZ electrolyte and electrode backbones, and nano-structured catalysts infiltrated on both hydrogen and oxygen electrode sides. Samarium-doped ceria (SDC) mixed with Ni is infiltrated as a hydrogen electrode catalyst, and the effect of ceria:Ni ratio is studied. On the oxygen electrode side, catalysts including lanthanum strontium manganite (LSM), lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite (LSCF), praseodymium oxide (Pr6O11), and their composite catalysts with SDC (i.e., LSM-SDC, LSCF-SDC, and Pr6O11-SDC) are compared. Using the materials with highest catalytic activity (Pr6O11-SDC and SDC40-Ni60) and optimizing the catalyst infiltration processes, excellent electrolysis performance of metal-supported cells is achieved. Current densities of -5.31, -4.09, -2.64, and -1.62 A cm-2 are achieved at 1.3 V and 50 vol\% steam content at 800, 750, 700, and 650 {\textdegree}C, respectively.},
	keywords = {high-temperature steam electrolysis, Hydrogen production, infiltration, solid oxide electrolysis, solid oxide electrolyzer cells},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.201801154},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ente.201801154},
	author = {Wang, Ruofan and Dogdibegovic, Emir and Lau, Grace Y. and Tucker, Michael C.}
}
@article {1089,
	title = {Molybdenum Disulfide Catalytic Coatings via Atomic Layer Deposition for Solar Hydrogen Production from Copper Gallium Diselenide Photocathodes},
	journal = {ACS Applied Energy Materials},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {1060-1066},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">We demonstrate that applying atomic layer deposition-derived molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) catalytic coatings on copper gallium diselenide (CGSe) thin film absorbers can lead to efficient wide band gap photocathodes for photoelectrochemical hydrogen production. We have prepared a device that is free of precious metals, employing a CGSe absorber and a cadmium sulfide (CdS) buffer layer, a titanium dioxide (TiO2) interfacial layer, and a MoS2 catalytic layer. The resulting MoS2/TiO2/CdS/CGSe photocathode exhibits a photocurrent onset of +0.53 V vs RHE and a saturation photocurrent density of -10 mA cm{\textendash}2, with stable operation for \&gt;5 h in acidic electrolyte. Spectroscopic investigations of this device architecture indicate that overlayer degradation occurs inhomogeneously, ultimately exposing the underlying CGSe absorber.</span></p>},
	doi = {10.1021/acsaem.8b01562},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.8b01562},
	author = {Thomas R. Hellstern and David W. Palm and James Carter and Alex D. DeAngelis and Kimberly Horsley and Lothar Weinhardt and Wanli Yang and Monika Blum and Nicolas Gaillard and Clemens Heske and Thomas F. Jaramillo}
}
@article {1074,
	title = {New tolerance factor to predict the stability of perovskite oxides and halides},
	journal = {Science Advances},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2019},
	note = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Copyright {\textcopyright} 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</span></p>},
	month = {02/2019},
	pages = {eaav0693},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on February 1st, 2019. Predicting the stability of the perovskite structure remains a long-standing challenge for the discovery of new functional materials for many applications including photovoltaics and electrocatalysts. We developed an accurate, physically interpretable, and one-dimensional tolerance factor, τ, that correctly predicts 92\% of compounds as perovskite or nonperovskite for an experimental dataset of 576 ABX3 materials (X = O2-, F-, Cl-, Br-, I-) using a novel data analytics approach based on SISSO (sure independence screening and sparsifying operator). τ is shown to generalize outside the training set for 1034 experimentally realized single and double perovskites (91\% accuracy) and is applied to identify 23,314 new double perovskites (A2BB'X6) ranked by their probability of being stable as perovskite. This work guides experimentalists and theorists toward which perovskites are most likely to be successfully synthesized and demonstrates an approach to descriptor identification that can be extended to arbitrary applications beyond perovskite stability predictions. Simple and interpretable data-driven descriptor accurately predicts the synthesizability of single and double perovskites.</span></p>},
	issn = {2375-2548},
	doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aav0693},
	url = {https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/2/eaav0693},
	author = {Christopher J. Bartel and Christopher Sutton and Bryan R. Goldsmith and Runhai Ouyang and Charles B. Musgrave and Luca M. Ghiringhelli and Matthias Scheffler}
}
@article {1075,
	title = {Phase Identification of the Layered Perovskite CexSr2{\textendash}xMnO4 and Application for Solar Thermochemical Water Splitting},
	journal = {Inorganic Chemistry},
	volume = {58},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {7705-7714},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on June 17th, 2019. Ruddlesden{\textendash}Popper (layered perovskite) phases are attracting significant interest because of their unique potential for many applications requiring mixed ionic and electronic conductivity. Here we report a new, previously undiscovered layered perovskite of composition, CexSr2{\textendash}xMnO4 (x = 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3). Furthermore, we demonstrate that this new system is suitable for solar thermochemical hydrogen production (STCH). Synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy are performed to characterize this new system. Density functional theory calculations of phase stability and oxygen vacancy formation energy (1.76, 2.24, and 2.66 eV/O atom, respectively with increasing Ce content) reinforce the potential of this phase for STCH application. Experimental hydrogen production results show that this materials system produces 2{\textendash}3 times more hydrogen than the benchmark STCH oxide ceria at a reduction temperature of 1400 {\textdegree}C and an oxidation temperature of 1000 {\textdegree}C.</span></p>},
	issn = {0020-1669},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03487},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03487},
	author = {Debora R. Barcellos and Francisco G. Coury and Antoine Emery and Michael Sanders and Jianhua Tong and Anthony McDaniel and Christopher Wolverton and Michael Kaufman and Ryan O{\textquoteright}Hayre}
}
@article {704,
	title = {Phenyl Oxidation Impacts the Durability of Alkaline Membrane Water Electrolyzer},
	journal = {ACS Applied Materials \& Interfaces},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2019},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {9696-9701},
	abstract = {Published on March 13th, 2019.
The durability of alkaline anion exchange membrane (AEM) electrolyzers is a critical requirement for implementing this technology in cost-effective hydrogen production. Here, we report that the electrochemical oxidation of the adsorbed phenyl group (found in the ionomer) on oxygen evolution catalysts produces phenol, which may cause performance deterioration in AEM electrolyzers. In-line 1H NMR kinetic analyses of phenyl oxidation in a model organic cation electrolyte shows that catalyst type significantly impacts the phenyl oxidation rate at an oxygen evolution potential. Density functional theory calculations show that the phenyl adsorption is a critical factor determining the phenyl oxidation. This research provides a path for the development of more durable AEM electrolyzers with components that can minimize the adverse impact induced by the phenyl group oxidation, such as the development of novel ionomers with fewer phenyl moieties or catalysts with less phenyl-adsorbing character.},
	issn = {1944-8244},
	doi = {10.1021/acsami.9b00711},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b00711},
	author = {Dongguo Li and Ivana Matanovic and Albert S. Lee and Eun Joo Park and Cy Fujimoto and Hoon T. Chung and Yu Seung Kim}
}
@article {1190,
	title = {Photoelectrochemical water splitting using strain-balanced multiple quantum well photovoltaic cells},
	journal = {Sustainable Energy Fuels},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {2837-2844},
	abstract = {Starting from the classical GaInP/GaAs tandem photoelectrochemical water splitting device, higher solar-to-hydrogen efficiencies can be pursued by extending photon absorption to longer wavelengths. We incorporate strain-balanced GaInAs/GaAsP quantum wells into the bottom GaAs junction, to increase the range of photon absorption. The inclusion of 1.34 eV quantum wells in the depletion region of the bottom cell extends the absorption edge to 930 nm. With a corresponding increase in the thickness of the top cell for current matching, the light-limiting photocurrent increases by >8\%. The estimated solar-to-hydrogen efficiency is 13.6 {\textpm} 0.5\%, and we show a pathway to further improvement. With the semiconductor device remaining on the growth substrate, this quantum well architecture may enable improved stability and durability of the photoelectrochemical electrodes.},
	keywords = {durability, National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL), PEC, photoelectrochemical water splitting},
	doi = {10.1039/C9SE00276F},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C9SE00276F},
	author = {Steiner, Myles A. and Barraugh, Collin D. and Aldridge, Chase W. and Alvarez, Isabel Barraza and Friedman, Daniel J. and Ekins-Daukes, Nicholas J. and Deutsch, Todd G. and Young, James L.}
}
@article {1191,
	title = {Progress in Metal-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers with Symmetric Metal Supports and Infiltrated Electrodes},
	journal = {ECS Transactions},
	volume = {91},
	year = {2019},
	month = {07/2019},
	pages = {877{\textendash}885},
	abstract = {The LBNL metal-supported solid oxide cell architecture contains zirconia electrolyte and porous backbones co-sintered between porous stainless steel supports. Advantages of this design include low-cost structural materials, mechanical ruggedness, excellent tolerance to redox cycling, and extremely fast start-up capability. With infiltrated catalysts, high performance is also achieved: 1.5 W/cm2 with hydrogen fuel and 1.3 W/cm2 with internal reforming of ethanol fuel at 700 {\textdegree}C; 2.6 A/cm2 electrolysis current density at 1.3V and 50\% steam/50\% hydrogen at 700{\textdegree}C. Recent approaches to mitigating catalyst coarsening and Cr deposition within the cathode stabilize the microstructure during operation. The degradation rate is improved to 2.3\% kh-1 at 700{\textdegree}C in fuel cell mode. Electrolysis operation, however, results in higher degradation rate. Preliminary effort to fabricate metal-supported cells with proton conducting electrolyte is successful for La0.99Ca0.01NbO4 electrolyte, and specific challenges for BaZr0.7Ce0.2Y0.1O3-δ electrolyte are determined.},
	keywords = {BaZr0.7Ce0.2Y0.1O3-δ electrolyte, HTE, La0.99Ca0.01NbO4 electrolyte, SOEC},
	doi = {10.1149/09101.0877ecst},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1149/09101.0877ecst},
	author = {Emir Dogdibegovic and Fengyu Shen and Ruofan Wang and Ian Robinson and Grace Y Lau and Michael C Tucker}
}
@article {1078,
	title = {The role of decomposition reactions in assessing first-principles predictions of solid stability},
	journal = {npj Computational Materials},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {4},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on January 4th, 2019. The performance of density functional theory approximations for predicting materials thermodynamics is typically assessed by comparing calculated and experimentally determined enthalpies of formation from elemental phases, ΔHf. However, a compound competes thermodynamically with both other compounds and their constituent elemental forms, and thus, the enthalpies of the decomposition reactions to these competing phases, ΔHd, determine thermodynamic stability. We evaluated the phase diagrams for 56,791 compounds to classify decomposition reactions into three types: 1. those that produce elemental phases, 2. those that produce compounds, and 3. those that produce both. This analysis shows that the decomposition into elemental forms is rarely the competing reaction that determines compound stability and that approximately two-thirds of decomposition reactions involve no elemental phases. Using experimentally reported formation enthalpies for 1012 solid compounds, we assess the accuracy of the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) (PBE) and meta-GGA (SCAN) density functionals for predicting compound stability. For 646 decomposition reactions that are not trivially the formation reaction, PBE (mean absolute difference between theory and experiment (MAD)\&thinsp;=\&thinsp;70\&thinsp;meV/atom) and SCAN (MAD\&thinsp;=\&thinsp;59\&thinsp;meV/atom) perform similarly, and commonly employed correction schemes using fitted elemental reference energies make only a negligible improvement (~2 meV/atom). Furthermore, for 231 reactions involving only compounds (Type 2), the agreement between SCAN, PBE, and experiment is within ~35\&thinsp;meV/atom and is thus comparable to the magnitude of experimental uncertainty.</span></p>},
	issn = {2057-3960},
	doi = {10.1038/s41524-018-0143-2},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41524-018-0143-2},
	author = {Christopher J. Bartel and Alan W. Weimer and Stephan Lany and Charles B. Musgrave and Aaron M. Holder}
}
@article {1093,
	title = {A Single-Junction Cathodic Approach for Stable Unassisted Solar Water Splitting},
	journal = {Joule},
	year = {2019},
	abstract = {<p><span>Published in August 2019.</span></p>},
	issn = {25424351},
	doi = {10.1016/j.joule.2019.07.022},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2542435119303666},
	author = {Yongjie Wang and Yuanpeng Wu and Jonathan Schwartz and Suk Hyun Sung and Robert Hovden and Zetian Mi}
}
@article {1192,
	title = {Stable Unassisted Solar Water Splitting on Semiconductor Photocathodes Protected by Multifunctional GaN Nanostructures},
	journal = {ACS Energy Letters},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {1541-1548},
	keywords = {durability, GaAs, GaInP2, GaN nanowires, Ge, III-V, PEC, Photocathode, Unbiased water splitting},
	doi = {10.1021/acsenergylett.9b00549},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.9b00549},
	author = {Wang, Yongjie and Schwartz, Jonathan and Gim, Jiseok and Hovden, Robert and Mi, Zetian}
}
@article {1193,
	title = {Synergistic Coupling of Proton Conductors BaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.1Yb0.1O3-δ and La2Ce2O7 to Create Chemical Stable, Interface Active Electrolyte for Steam Electrolysis Cells},
	journal = {ACS Applied Materials \& Interfaces},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {18323-18330},
	keywords = {BaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.1Yb0.1O3-δ, durability, HTE, La2Ce2O7, Protonic ceramic electrolysis cell, SOEC},
	doi = {10.1021/acsami.9b00303},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b00303},
	author = {Li, Wenyuan and Guan, Bo and Ma, Liang and Tian, Hanchen and Liu, Xingbo}
}
@article {1070,
	title = {Synthesis of Aromatic Anion Exchange Membranes by Friedel{\textendash}Crafts Bromoalkylation and Cross-Linking of Polystyrene Block Copolymers},
	journal = {Macromolecules},
	volume = {52},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {2139-2147},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on March 12th, 2019. Elastomeric anion exchange membranes (AEMs) were prepared by acid-catalyzed Friedel{\textendash}Crafts alkylation of the polystyrene block of polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-polystyrene (SEBS) using bromoalkylated tertiary alcohols and triflic acid as a catalyst, followed by amination with trimethylamine. This simple one-step bromoalkylation allowed convenient control of both the degree of functionalization and cation tether length by changing the molar ratio and the structure of the bromoalkylated tertiary alcohol. The resulting quaternary ammonium-functionalized ionic triblock SEBS copolymers showed a microphase-separated morphology on the 35 nm length scale. A series of AEMs with different ion exchange capacities and ion tether lengths were systematically investigated by comparing swelling and anion conductivity. Because the SEBS AEMs showed high swelling and low dimensional stability in water due to the rubbery nature of SEBS, the hard segment PS units were cross-linked by 1,6-hexanediamine for practical use. The cross-linking of SEBS AEMs reduced water uptake significantly (e.g., 155\% vs 28\%) and enhanced their mechanical properties. Because the backbone of the SEBS AEMs are composed of all carbon{\textendash}carbon bonds, they showed good alkaline stability, preserving their IEC and OH{\textendash} conductivity after testing in a 1 M NaOH solution at 80 {\textdegree}C for 500 h. Alkaline membrane fuel cell performance was evaluated with the cross-linked SEBS AEM, and a peak power density of 520 mW/cm2 was achieved at 60 {\textdegree}C under H2/O2 conditions.</span></p>},
	issn = {0024-9297},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02355},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02355},
	author = {Yong Yeob Jeon and Sungmin Park and Junyoung Han and Sandip Maurya and Angela D. Mohanty and Ding Tian and Nayan Saikia and Michael A. Hickner and Chang Y. Ryu and Mark E. Tuckerman and Stephen J. Paddison and Yu Seung Kim and Chulsung Bae}
}
@article {1090,
	title = {Thin film photoelectrodes for solar water splitting},
	journal = {Chemical Society Reviews},
	volume = {48},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {2182-2215},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on April 1st, 2019. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting has been intensively studied in the past decades as a promising method for large-scale solar energy storage. Among the various issues that limit the progress of this field, the lack of photoelectrode materials with suitable properties in all aspects of light absorption, charge separation and transport, and charge transfer is a key challenge, which has attracted tremendous research attention. A large variety of compositions, in different forms, have been tested. This review aims to summarize efforts in this area, with a focus on materials-related considerations. Issues discussed by this review include synthesis, optoelectronic properties, charge behaviors and catalysis. In the recognition that thin-film materials are representative model systems for the study of these issues, we elected to focus on this form, so as to provide a concise and coherent account on the different strategies that have been proposed and tested. Because practical implementation is of paramount importance to the eventual realization of using solar fuel for solar energy storage, we pay particular attention to strategies proposed to address the stability and catalytic issues, which are two key factors limiting the implementation of efficient photoelectrode materials. To keep the overall discussion focused, all discussions were presented within the context of water splitting reactions. How the thin-film systems may be applied for fundamental studies of the water splitting chemical mechanisms and how to use the model system to test device engineering design strategies are discussed.</span></p>},
	issn = {1460-4744},
	doi = {10.1039/C8CS00868J},
	url = {https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2019/cs/c8cs00868j},
	author = {Yumin He and Thomas Hamann and Dunwei Wang}
}
@article {1194,
	title = {Transition Metal Arsenide Catalysts for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction},
	journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
	volume = {123},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {24007-24012},
	keywords = {Arsenide catalyst, CoAs, Hydrogen evolution catalyst, MoAs, Modeling, PEC},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b05738},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b05738},
	author = {Gauthier, Joseph A. and King, Laurie A. and Stults, Faith Tucker and Flores, Raul A. and Kibsgaard, Jakob and Regmi, Yagya N. and Chan, Karen and Jaramillo, Thomas F.}
}
@article {1071,
	title = {Unifying the Hydrogen Evolution and Oxidation Reactions Kinetics in Base by Identifying the Catalytic Roles of Hydroxyl-Water-Cation Adducts},
	journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
	volume = {141},
	year = {2019},
	month = {02/2019},
	pages = {3232-3239},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on February 20th, 2019. Despite the fundamental and practical significance of the hydrogen evolution and oxidation reactions (HER/HOR), their kinetics in base remain unclear. Herein, we show that the alkaline HER/HOR kinetics can be unified by the catalytic roles of the adsorbed hydroxyl (OHad)-water-alkali metal cation (AM+) adducts, on the basis of the observations that enriching the OHad abundance via surface Ni benefits the HER/HOR; increasing the AM+ concentration only promotes the HER, while varying the identity of AM+ affects both HER/HOR. The presence of OHad-(H2O)x-AM+ in the double-layer region facilitates the OHad removal into the bulk, forming OH{\textendash}-(H2O)x-AM+ as per the hard{\textendash}soft acid{\textendash}base theory, thereby selectively promoting the HER. It can be detrimental to the HOR as per the bifunctional mechanism, as the AM+ destabilizes the OHad, which is further supported by the CO oxidation results. This new notion may be important for alkaline electrochemistry.</span></p>},
	issn = {0002-7863},
	doi = {10.1021/jacs.8b13228},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.8b13228},
	author = {Ershuai Liu and Jingkun Li and Li Jiao and Huong Thi Thanh Doan and Zeyan Liu and Zipeng Zhao and Yu Huang and K. M. Abraham and Sanjeev Mukerjee and Qingying Jia}
}
@article {1098,
	title = {Wide-Bandgap Cu(In,Ga)S2 Photocathodes Integrated on Transparent Conductive F:SnO2 Substrates for Chalcopyrite-Based Water Splitting Tandem Devices},
	journal = {ACS Applied Energy Materials},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2019},
	month = {08/2019},
	pages = {5515-5524},
	abstract = {<p><span>Published on August 26th, 2019.</span></p>},
	issn = {2574-0962, 2574-0962},
	doi = {10.1021/acsaem.9b00690},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsaem.9b00690},
	author = {Nicolas Gaillard and Dixit Prasher and Marina Chong and Alexander Deangelis and Kimberly Horsley and Hope A. Ishii and John P. Bradley and Joel Varley and Tadashi Ogitsu}
}
@article {777,
	title = {Active Site Revealed for Water Oxidation on Electrochemically Induced δ <i>-</i> MnO <sub>2</sub> : Role of Spinel-to-Layer Phase Transition},
	journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
	volume = {140},
	year = {2018},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1783-1792},
	abstract = {Published on February 7th, 2018.},
	issn = {0002-7863, 1520-5126},
	doi = {10.1021/jacs.7b11393},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.7b11393},
	author = {Ye-Fei Li and Zhi-Pan Liu}
}
@article {990,
	title = {Assessing the role of hydrogen in Fermi-level pinning in chalcopyrite and kesterite solar absorbers from first-principles calculations},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Physics},
	volume = {123},
	year = {2018},
	note = {<p>{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n\&nbsp;\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}</p>},
	pages = {161408},
	abstract = {<p>Publshed on March 7th, 2018. Understanding the impact of impurities in solar absorbers is critical to engineering high-performance in devices, particularly over extended periods of time. Here, we use hybrid functional calculations to explore the role of hydrogen interstitial (Hi) defects in the electronic properties of a number of attractive solar absorbers within the chalcopyrite and kesterite families to identify how this common impurity may influence device performance. Our results identify that Hi can inhibit the highly p-type conditions desirable for several higher-band gap absorbers and that H incorporation could detrimentally affect the open-circuit voltage (Voc) and limit device efficiencies. Additionally, we find that Hi can drive the Fermi level away from the valence band edge enough to lead to n-type conductivity in a number of chalcopyrite and kesterite absorbers, particularly those containing Ag rather than Cu. We find that these effects can lead to interfacial Fermi-level pinning that can qualitatively explain the observed performance in high-Ga content CIGSe solar cells that exhibit saturation in the Voc with increasing band gap. Our results suggest that compositional grading rather than bulk alloying, such as by creating In-rich surfaces, may be a better strategy to favorably engineering improved thin-film photovoltaics with larger-band gap absorbers.</p>},
	issn = {0021-8979},
	doi = {10.1063/1.5006272},
	url = {https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.5006272},
	author = {J. B. Varley and V. Lordi and T. Ogitsu and A. Deangelis and K. Horsley and N. Gaillard}
}
@article {785,
	title = {BaCe <sub>0.25</sub> Mn <sub>0.75</sub> O <sub>3-δ</sub> {\textemdash}a promising perovskite-type oxide for solar thermochemical hydrogen production},
	journal = {Energy \& Environmental Science},
	year = {2018},
	note = {<p>{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n\&nbsp;\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}</p>},
	issn = {1754-5692, 1754-5706},
	doi = {10.1039/C8EE01989D},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C8EE01989D},
	author = {Debora R. Barcellos and Michael D. Sanders and Jianhua Tong and Anthony H. McDaniel and Ryan P. O{\textquoteright}Hayre}
}
@article {1062,
	title = {Cobalt-substituted SrTi0.3Fe0.7O3-δ: a stable high-performance oxygen electrode material for intermediate-temperature solid oxide electrochemical cells},
	journal = {Energy \& Environmental Science},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2018},
	month = {07/2018},
	pages = {1870-1879},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on July 11th, 2018. A key need in the development of solid oxide cells (SOCs) is for electrodes that promote fast oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions at reduced operating temperature (<=700 {\textdegree}C), with sufficient durability to allow operation over desired 40 000 h lifetimes. A wide range of electrode materials have been investigated, with some providing resistance low enough for cell operation below 700 {\textdegree}C, but it is generally found that the electrode performance degrades over time. Here we demonstrate an oxygen electrode material, Sr(Ti0.3Fe0.7-xCox)O3-δ (STFC), that provides a unique combination of excellent oxygen electrode performance and long-term stability. The addition of a relatively small amount of Co to Sr(Ti0.3Fe0.7)O3-δ, e.g., x = 0.07, reduces the electrode polarization resistance by \&gt;2 times. The STFC electrode yields stable performance in both fuel cell and electrolysis modes at 1 A cm-2. The fundamental oxygen diffusion and surface exchange coefficients of STFC are determined, and shown to be substantially better than those of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ, the most widely used SOC oxygen electrode material. While other electrode materials have been shown to exhibit better oxygen transport coefficients than STFC, they do not match its stability.</span></p>},
	doi = {10.1039/C8EE00449H},
	url = {https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2018/ee/c8ee00449h},
	author = {Shan-Lin Zhang and Hongqian Wang and Matthew Y. Lu and Ai-Ping Zhang and Liliana V. Mogni and Qinyuan Liu and Cheng-Xin Li and Chang-Jiu Li and Scott A. Barnett}
}
@article {1040,
	title = {Communication: The electronic entropy of charged defect formation and its impact on thermochemical redox cycles},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Physics},
	volume = {148},
	year = {2018},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {071101},
	abstract = {Published on February 16th, 2018.
The ideal material for solar thermochemical water splitting, which has yet to be discovered, must satisfy stringent conditions for the free energy of reduction, including, in particular, a sufficiently large positive contribution from the solid-state entropy. By inverting the commonly used relationship between defect formation energy and defect concentration, it is shown here that charged defect formation causes a large electronic entropy contribution manifesting itself as the temperature dependence of the Fermi level. This result is a general feature of charged defect formation and motivates new materials design principles for solar thermochemical hydrogen production.},
	issn = {0021-9606},
	doi = {10.1063/1.5022176},
	url = {http://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.5022176},
	author = {Stephan Lany}
}
@article {776,
	title = {Cosputtered Calcium Manganese Oxide Electrodes for Water Oxidation},
	journal = {Inorganic Chemistry},
	volume = {57},
	year = {2018},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {785-792},
	abstract = {Published on January 16th, 2018.},
	issn = {0020-1669, 1520-510X},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02717},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02717},
	author = {Hamed Simchi and Kayla A. Cooley and Jonas Ohms and Lingqin Huang and Philipp Kurz and Suzanne E. Mohney}
}
@article {1064,
	title = {Current understandings of the sluggish kinetics of the hydrogen evolution and oxidation reactions in base},
	journal = {Current Opinion in Electrochemistry},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2018},
	month = {12/2018},
	pages = {209-217},
	issn = {2451-9103},
	doi = {10.1016/j.coelec.2018.11.017},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S245191031830214X},
	author = {Qingying Jia and Ershuai Liu and Li Jiao and Jingkun Li and Sanjeev Mukerjee}
}
@article {797,
	title = {Evaluating Hydrogen Evolution and Oxidation in Alkaline Media to Establish Baselines},
	journal = {Journal of The Electrochemical Society},
	volume = {165},
	year = {2018},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {F441-F455},
	abstract = {This paper fills a significant gap in the literature for alkaline hydrogen evolution (HER) and oxidation (HOR) baseline performance, while reviewing the different variables that influence observed properties. Although high-performing HER-HOR catalysts in acidic electrolytes are too active to measure kinetic in rotating disk electrode (RDE) half-cells, under alkaline conditions RDE kinetics evaluations are relevant and half-cell performances are comparable to hydrogen pump data. This paper focuses on best practices to ensure that half-cell tests don{\textquoteright}t unnecessarily lower platinum group metal (PGM) performance or improve non-PGM performance. Specific aspects examined include experiments on PGMs minimizing the impact of impurities (electrolyte, cell material) and experiments on non-PGMs minimizing the impact from test protocols (counter electrode).},
	issn = {0013-4651, 1945-7111},
	doi = {10.1149/2.0361807jes},
	url = {http://jes.ecsdl.org/content/165/7/F441},
	author = {Shaun M. Alia and Bryan S. Pivovar}
}
@article {1072,
	title = {Evaluating transition metal oxides within DFT-SCAN and $\text{SCAN}+U$ frameworks for solar thermochemical applications},
	journal = {Physical Review Materials},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2018},
	month = {09/2018},
	pages = {095401},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on September 13th, 2018. Using the strongly constrained and appropriately normed (SCAN) and SCAN+U approximations for describing electron exchange correlation (XC) within density functional theory, we investigate the oxidation energetics, lattice constants, and electronic structure of binary Ce, Mn, and Fe oxides, which are crucial ingredients for generating renewable fuels using two-step, oxide-based, solar thermochemical reactors. Unlike other common XC functionals, we find that SCAN does not overbind the O2 molecule, based on direct calculations of its bond energy and robust agreement between calculated formation enthalpies of main group oxides versus experiments. However, in the case of transition-metal oxides, SCAN systematically overestimates (i.e., yields too negative) oxidation enthalpies due to remaining self-interaction errors in the description of their ground-state electronic structure. Adding a Hubbard U term to the transition-metal centers, where the magnitude of U is determined from experimental oxidation enthalpies, significantly improves the qualitative agreement and marginally improves the quantitative agreement of SCAN+U-calculated electronic structure and lattice parameters, respectively, with experiments. Importantly, SCAN predicts the wrong ground-state structure for a few oxides, namely, Ce2O3, Mn2O3, and Fe3O4, while SCAN+U predicts the right polymorph for all systems considered in this paper. Hence, the SCAN+U framework, with an appropriately determined U, will be required to accurately describe ground-state properties and yield qualitatively consistent electronic properties for most transition-metal and rare-earth oxides.</span></p>},
	doi = {10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.2.095401},
	url = {https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.2.095401},
	author = {Gopalakrishnan Sai Gautam and Emily A. Carter}
}
@article {1085,
	title = {Gallium nitride nanowire as a linker of molybdenum sulfides and silicon for photoelectrocatalytic water splitting},
	journal = {Nature Communications},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2018},
	month = {09/2018},
	pages = {3856},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on September 21st, 2018. Sunlight-harvesting materials require the clean integration of light-absorbing and catalytic components to be efficient. Here, authors link silicon photoelectrodes and molybdenum sulfide catalysts with defect-free gallium nitride nanowire to improve photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution.</span></p>},
	issn = {2041-1723},
	doi = {10.1038/s41467-018-06140-1},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-06140-1},
	author = {Baowen Zhou and Xianghua Kong and Srinivas Vanka and Sheng Chu and Pegah Ghamari and Yichen Wang and Nick Pant and Ishiang Shih and Hong Guo and Zetian Mi}
}
@article {1086,
	title = {High Efficiency Si Photocathode Protected by Multifunctional GaN Nanostructures},
	journal = {Nano Letters},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {6530-6537},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on October 10th, 2018. Photoelectrochemical water splitting is a clean and environmentally friendly method for solar hydrogen generation. Its practical application, however, has been limited by the poor stability of semiconductor photoelectrodes. In this work, we demonstrate the use of GaN nanostructures as a multifunctional protection layer for an otherwise unstable, low-performance photocathode. The direct integration of GaN nanostructures on n+{\textendash}p Si wafer not only protects Si surface from corrosion but also significantly reduces the charge carrier transfer resistance at the semiconductor/liquid junction, leading to long-term stability (\&gt;100 h) at a large current density (\&gt;35 mA/cm2) under 1 sun illumination. The measured applied bias photon-to-current efficiency of 10.5\% is among the highest values ever reported for a Si photocathode. Given that both Si and GaN are already widely produced in industry, our studies offer a viable path for achieving high-efficiency and highly stable semiconductor photoelectrodes for solar water splitting with proven manufacturability and scalability.</span></p>},
	issn = {1530-6984},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03087},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03087},
	author = {Srinivas Vanka and Elisabetta Arca and Shaobo Cheng and Kai Sun and Gianluigi A. Botton and Glenn Teeter and Zetian Mi}
}
@article {1195,
	title = {High performing triple-conductive Pr2NiO4+δ anode for proton-conducting steam solid oxide electrolysis cell },
	journal = {Journal of Materials Chemistry A},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {18057-18066},
	abstract = {The development of proton-conducting solid oxide electrolysis cells for the intermediate-temperature range application is largely hindered by the limited choice of adequate anode materials. In this study, the popular solid oxide fuel cell cathode material Pr2NiO4+δ (PNO) is investigated as the anode for the electrolysis cell, considering its proton-conducting ability. The introduction of protons into the PNO lattice is confirmed through insertion-induced conductivity variation measurements. Good chemical compatibility is verified between PNO and BaZr0.2Ce0.6Y0.2O3-δ (BZCY) proton-conducting electrolyte. Excellent catalytic activity towards water splitting is observed for the PNO{\textendash}BZCY composite anode, 0.52 Ω cm2 for 550 {\textdegree}C, 0.057 Ω cm2 for 700 {\textdegree}C. The water-splitting process is disclosed by impedance spectroscopy measured under different conditions. Due to proton conduction in PNO, the PNO surface is activated for electrochemical reactions. The non-charge transfer processes account little to the electrode resistance. The performance of the PNO{\textendash}BZCY anode is determined by two charge transfer processes whose kinetics are governed the electrolyzing potential. This charge transfer-limiting nature is relatively benign since the electrode resistance has been found to exponentially reduce with increasing overpotential. Cathode-supported Ni{\textendash}BZCY//BZCY//PNO{\textendash}BZCY thin film electrolyte single cells are fabricated and characterized. \~{}95\% current efficiency is confirmed. At 700 {\textdegree}C, a current density of 977 mA cm-2 is achieved at a 1.3 V electrolyzing potential, e.g. 0.37 V overpotential, which is one of the best performances of proton-conducting steam electrolysis cells so far. The PNO{\textendash}BZCY anode accounts only for 16\% of the overall polarization resistance at 700 {\textdegree}C. These findings prove that the triple-conductive PNO is a promising anode material for proton-based steam electrolysis cells.},
	keywords = {BaZr0.2Ce0.6Y0.2O3-δ, HTE, Pr2NiO4+δ, Protonic ceramic electrolysis cells, SOEC},
	doi = {10.1039/C8TA04018D},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C8TA04018D},
	author = {Li, Wenyuan and Guan, Bo and Ma, Liang and Hu, Shanshan and Zhang, Nan and Liu, Xingbo}
}
@article {1063,
	title = {Hydrogen Production: 3D Self-Architectured Steam Electrode Enabled Efficient and Durable Hydrogen Production in a Proton-Conducting Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell at Temperatures Lower Than 600 {\textdegree}C (Adv. Sci. 11/2018)},
	journal = {Advanced Science},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2018},
	month = {2018},
	pages = {1870070},
	abstract = {<p><span style="background-color: $\#$fafafa; color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap;">In article number 1800360, Dong Ding and co-workers report a self-architectured ultraporous 3D electrode for steam electrolysis at intermediate temperatures. The proton-conducting electrolysis cell using this steam electrode demonstrates highly efficient and durable hydrogen production below 600 {\textdegree}C, which is attributed to improved mass transfer and increased active reaction area, as well as the electrode reconstruction under operation conditions.</span></p>},
	issn = {2198-3844},
	doi = {10.1002/advs.201870070},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/advs.201870070},
	author = {Wei Wu and Hanping Ding and Yunya Zhang and Yong Ding and Prashant Katiyar and Prasun K. Majumdar and Ting He and Dong Ding}
}
@article {1041,
	title = {Integrating Ab Initio Simulations and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Toward A Realistic Description of Oxidized Solid/Liquid Interfaces},
	journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2018},
	note = {<p>{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n\&nbsp;\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}</p>},
	pages = {194-203},
	abstract = {<p>Published on January 4th, 2019. Many energy storage and conversion devices rely on processes that take place at complex interfaces, where structural and chemical properties are often difficult to probe under operating conditions. A primary example is solar water splitting using high-performance photoelectrochemical cells, where surface chemistry, including native oxide formation, affects hydrogen generation. In this Perspective, we discuss some of the challenges associated with interrogating interface chemistry, and how they may be overcome by integrating high-level first-principles calculations of explicit interfaces with ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and direct spectroscopic simulations. We illustrate the benefit of this combined approach toward insights into native oxide chemistry at prototypical InP/water and GaP/water interfaces. This example suggests a more general roadmap for obtaining a realistic and reliable description of the chemistry of complex interfaces by combining state-of-the-art computational and experimental techniques.</p>},
	issn = {1948-7185},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01382},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01382},
	author = {Tuan Anh Pham and Xueqiang Zhang and Brandon C. Wood and David Prendergast and Sylwia Ptasinska and Tadashi Ogitsu}
}
@article {1097,
	title = {(Invited) HydroGEN: An AWSM Energy Materials Network},
	journal = {ECS Transactions},
	volume = {85},
	year = {2018},
	month = {05/2018},
	pages = {3-14},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">The HydroGEN (https://www.h2awsm.org/) energy materials network (EMN) aims to accelerate the research and development (R\&amp;D) of advanced water splitting (AWS) technologies for clean, sustainable hydrogen production. Announced in October 2016, the HydroGEN EMN comprises six core National Laboratories and focuses on four AWS pathways: low- and high-temperature electrolysis, photoelectrochemical, and solar thermochemical water splitting. The HydroGEN consortium offers an extensive collection of materials research capabilities for addressing R\&amp;D challenges in discovery and design, efficacy and efficiency, durability and cost. Leveraging the HydroGEN Consortium{\textquoteright}s technical experts and broad collection of unique resource capabilities is expected to advance the maturity and technology readiness levels in each advanced water splitting technology pathway.</span></p>},
	issn = {1938-6737, 1938-5862},
	doi = {10.1149/08511.0003ecst},
	url = {http://ecst.ecsdl.org/content/85/11/3},
	author = {James W. Vickers and Huyen N. Dinh and Katie Randolph and Adam Z. Weber and Anthony H. McDaniel and Richard Boardman and Tadashi Ogitsu and Hector Colon-Mercado and David Peterson and Eric L. Miller}
}
@article {798,
	title = {Low-Cost, Efficient, and Durable H2 Production by Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting with CuGa3Se5 Photocathodes},
	journal = {ACS Applied Materials \& Interfaces},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2018},
	note = {<p>{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n\&nbsp;\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}</p>},
	pages = {19573-19579},
	abstract = {<p>Published on June 13th, 2018. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is an elegant method of converting sunlight and water into H2 fuel. To be commercially advantageous, PEC devices must become cheaper, more efficient, and much more durable. This work examines low-cost polycrystalline chalcopyrite films, which are successful as photovoltaic absorbers, for application as PEC absorbers. In particular, Cu{\textendash}Ga{\textendash}Se films with wide band gaps can be employed as top cell photocathodes in tandem devices as a realistic route to high efficiencies. In this report, we demonstrate that decreasing Cu/Ga composition from 0.66 to 0.31 in Cu{\textendash}Ga{\textendash}Se films increased the band gap from 1.67 to 1.86 eV and decreased saturated photocurrent density from 18 to 8 mA/cm2 as measured by chopped-light current{\textendash}voltage (CLIV) measurements in a 0.5 M sulfuric acid electrolyte. Buffer and catalyst surface treatments were not applied to the Cu{\textendash}Ga{\textendash}Se films, and they exhibited promising stability, evidenced by unchanged CLIV after 9 months of storage in air. Finally, films with Cu/Ga = 0.36 (approximately stoichiometric CuGa3Se5) and 1.86 eV band gaps had exceptional durability and continuously split water for 17 days (\~{}12 mA/cm2 at -1 V vs RHE). This is equivalent to \~{}17\&thinsp;200 C/cm2, which is a world record for any polycrystalline PEC absorber. These results indicate that CuGa3Se5 films are prime candidates for cheaply achieving efficient and durable PEC water splitting.</p>},
	issn = {1944-8244},
	doi = {10.1021/acsami.8b01447},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b01447},
	author = {Christopher P. Muzzillo and W. Ellis Klein and Zhen Li and Alexander Daniel DeAngelis and Kimberly Horsley and Kai Zhu and Nicolas Gaillard}
}
@article {1088,
	title = {Metallic nanocatalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction in aqueous solutions},
	journal = {Journal of Colloid and Interface Science},
	volume = {527},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {95-106},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on October 1st, 2018. How to effectively and efficiently reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) to value-added chemicals represent a frontier in catalysis research. Due to the high activation energy needs and the endothermic nature of CO2 reduction, the reactions are difficult to carry out. When H2O is present, hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) often compete favorably with CO2 reduction reactions. For these reactions, catalysts are of critical importance to CO2 reduction. In this article, we review the various metal nanocatalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction (ECR) reactions. In recognition of the importance of H2O to CO2 reduction, we focus our discussions on systems in aqueous solutions. Nanostructured metal catalysts are chosen for the discussions because they represent the most effective catalysts for ECR. After a brief introduction of the fundamental principles of ECR, we devote the rest of the article on the discussions of various types of nanostructured metallic catalysts, which are categorized by their compositions and working mechanisms. Lastly, strategies for improving reaction efficiency and selectivity are discussed.</span></p>},
	issn = {0021-9797},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jcis.2018.05.041},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021979718305538},
	author = {Yuanxing Wang and Cailing Niu and Dunwei Wang}
}
@article {1069,
	title = {Performance enhancement of PEM electrolyzers through iridium-coated titanium porous transport layers},
	journal = {Electrochemistry Communications},
	volume = {97},
	year = {2018},
	month = {12/2018},
	pages = {96-99},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on December 1st, 2018. Titanium-based porous transport layers (PTL) used in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolyzers suffer from surface passivation (titanium oxidation), which increases the interface resistance between the PTL and electrode. For long-term operation, PTLs are typically coated with considerable amounts of platinum or gold to ensure reasonable performance profiles over time. Moreover, it is well known that the oxide forms of platinum and gold are not stable under electrolysis conditions. In this study, an easy and scalable method is introduced to protect the titanium PTL from passivation by sputtering very thin layers of iridium onto commercially-available titanium PTLs. The iridium layer reduces the overall ohmic resistance of the PTL/catalyst layer interface and improves the cell{\textquoteright}s performance to that achieved with carbon-based PTLs. The coating process homogeneously deposited iridium throughout the inner structure of the PTL. The findings of this study may lead to the use of iridium as a protective layer for titanium PTLs, potentially enable operation at increased cell voltages and lead to increased electrolyzer durability.</span></p>},
	issn = {1388-2481},
	doi = {10.1016/j.elecom.2018.10.021},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1388248118302741},
	author = {Chang Liu and Marcelo Carmo and Guido Bender and Andreas Everwand and Thomas Lickert and James L. Young and Tom Smolinka and Detlef Stolten and Werner Lehnert}
}
@article {1079,
	title = {A photochemical diode artificial photosynthesis system for unassisted high efficiency overall pure water splitting},
	journal = {Nature Communications},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {1707},
	issn = {2041-1723},
	doi = {10.1038/s41467-018-04067-1},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-04067-1},
	author = {Faqrul A. Chowdhury and Michel L. Trudeau and Hong Guo and Zetian Mi}
}
@article {1076,
	title = {Physical descriptor for the Gibbs energy of inorganic crystalline solids and temperature-dependent materials chemistry},
	journal = {Nature Communications},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2018},
	month = {10/2018},
	pages = {4168},
	issn = {2041-1723},
	doi = {10.1038/s41467-018-06682-4},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-06682-4},
	author = {Christopher J. Bartel and Samantha L. Millican and Ann M. Deml and John R. Rumptz and William Tumas and Alan W. Weimer and Stephan Lany and Vladan Stevanovi{\'c} and Charles B. Musgrave and Aaron M. Holder}
}
@article {1077,
	title = {Solar Thermochemical Hydrogen (STCH) Processes},
	journal = {The Electrochemical Society Interface},
	volume = {27},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {53-56},
	issn = {1064-8208, 1944-8783},
	doi = {10.1149/2.F05181if},
	url = {http://interface.ecsdl.org/lookup/doi/10.1149/2.F05181if},
	author = {Maximilian B. Gorensek and Claudio Corgnale and John A. Staser and John W. Weidner}
}
@article {1042,
	title = {Solar Water Oxidation by an InGaN Nanowire Photoanode with a Bandgap of 1.7 eV},
	journal = {ACS Energy Letters},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2018},
	note = {<p>{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n\&nbsp;\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}</p>},
	pages = {307-314},
	abstract = {<p>Published on February 9th, 2018. The performance of overall solar water splitting has been largely limited by the half-reaction of water oxidation. Here, we report a 1.7 eV bandgap InGaN nanowire photoanode for efficient solar water oxidation. It produces a low onset potential of 0.1 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a high photocurrent density of 5.2 mA/cm2 at a potential as low as 0.6 V versus RHE. The photoanode yields a half-cell solar energy conversion efficiency up to 3.6\%, a record for a single-photon photoanode to our knowledge. Furthermore, in the presence of hole scavengers, the photocurrent density of the InGaN photoanode reaches 21.2 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V versus RHE, which approaches the theoretical limit for a 1.7 eV InGaN absorber. The InGaN nanowire photoanode may serve as an ideal top cell in a photoelectrochemical tandem device when stacked with a 0.9{\textendash}1.2 eV bandgap bottom cell, which can potentially deliver solar-to-hydrogen efficiency over 25\%.</p>},
	doi = {10.1021/acsenergylett.7b01138},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.7b01138},
	author = {Sheng Chu and Srinivas Vanka and Yichen Wang and Jiseok Gim and Yongjie Wang and Yong-Ho Ra and Robert Hovden and Hong Guo and Ishiang Shih and Zetian Mi}
}
@article {1091,
	title = {Toward Practical Solar Hydrogen Production},
	journal = {Chem},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2018},
	month = {03/2018},
	pages = {405-408},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on March 8th, 2018. Two articles recently published in Joule represent efforts in material discovery and new engineering for practical solar hydrogen production. Wong and colleagues improved the solar hydrogen production performance of Cu2ZnSnS4 by Cd substitution, and Domen and co-workers presented a panel design to take advantage of particulate Al-doped SrTiO3 photocatalysts for overall water splitting.</span></p>},
	issn = {2451-9294},
	doi = {10.1016/j.chempr.2018.02.013},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451929418300743},
	author = {Yumin He and Dunwei Wang}
}
@article {1092,
	title = {Wide Band Gap CuGa(S,Se)2 Thin Films on Transparent Conductive Fluorinated Tin Oxide Substrates as Photocathode Candidates for Tandem Water Splitting Devices},
	journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
	volume = {122},
	year = {2018},
	month = {07/2018},
	pages = {14304-14312},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: $\#$111111; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, {\textquoteright}Segoe UI{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteright}Helvetica Neue{\textquoteright}, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: $\#$fafafa;">Published on July 5th, 2018. The purpose of this work was to explore the potential of CuGa(S,Se)2 thin films as wide-EG top cell absorbers for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. A synthesis was developed on fluorinated tin oxide (FTO) photocathodes by converting copper-rich co-evaporated CuGaSe2 into CuGa(S,Se)2 via a post-deposition annealing. We found it necessary to first anneal CuGaSe2 at low-temperature in sulfur then at high-temperature in nitrogen to preserve the transparency and conductivity of the FTO. Using this two-step synthesis, we fabricated a 1.72 eV CuGa(S,Se)2 photocathode with a saturation current density and photocurrent onset potential of 10 mA/cm2 and -0.20 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, respectively. However we found that the PEC performance and sub-EG transmittance, worsened with increasing copper content. Using flatband potential measurements and the Gerischer model, we show that divergences in PEC performance of CuGa(S,Se)2 photocathodes can be explained by differences in conduction band minimums and Fermi levels. We also explain that sub-EG transmittance is likely hampered by a defect band 100{\textendash}400 meV below EC. Additional external quantum efficiency measurements of a high-efficiency 1.1 eV Cu(In,Ga)Se2 photovoltaic driver, while shaded by the CuGa(S,Se)2 photocathode, yielded a short-circuit current density of 4.14 mA/cm2 revealing that CuGa(S,Se)2 shows promise as a top cell for PEC water splitting.</span></p>},
	issn = {1932-7447},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b02915},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b02915},
	author = {Alexander D. DeAngelis and Kimberly Horsley and Nicolas Gaillard}
}
@article {1008,
	title = {Anodic Behavior of the Aluminum Current Collector in Imide-Based Electrolytes: Influence of Solvent, Operating Temperature, and Native Oxide-Layer Thickness},
	journal = {ChemSusChem},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2017},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {804-814},
	abstract = {Published on February 22nd, 2017.
The inability of imide salts to form a sufficiently effective passivation layer on aluminum current collectors is one of the main obstacles that limit their broad application in electrochemical energy-storage systems. However, under certain circumstances, the use of electrolytes with imide electrolyte salts in combination with the aluminum current collector is possible. In this contribution, the stability of the aluminum current collector in electrolytes containing either lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI) or lithium fluorosulfonyl-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (LiFTFSI) as conductive salt was investigated by electrochemical techniques, that is, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronocoulometry (CC) in either room-temperature ionic liquids or in ethyl methyl sulfone. In particular, the influence of the solvent, operating temperature, and thickness of the native oxide layer of aluminum on the pit formation at the aluminum current collector surface was studied by means of scanning electron microscopy. In general, a more pronounced aluminum dissolution and pit formation was found at elevated temperatures as well as in solvents with a high dielectric constant. An enhanced thickness of the native aluminum oxide layer increases the oxidative stability versus dissolution. Furthermore, we found a different reaction rate depending on dwell time at the upper cut-off potential for aluminum dissolution in TFSI- and FTFSI-based electrolytes during the CC measurements; the use of LiFTFSI facilitated the dissolution of aluminum compared to LiTFSI. Overall, the mechanism of anodic aluminum dissolution is based on: i) the attack of the Al2O3 surface by acidic species and ii) the dissolution of bare aluminum into the electrolyte, which, in turn, is influenced by the electrolyte{\textquoteright}s dielectric constant.},
	issn = {1864-564X},
	doi = {10.1002/cssc.201601636},
	url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cssc.201601636/abstract},
	author = {Paul Meister and Xin Qi and Richard Kloepsch and Elisabeth Kr{\"a}mer and Benjamin Streipert and Martin Winter and Tobias Placke}
}
@article {871,
	title = {Applications and limitations of two step metal oxide thermochemical redox cycles; a review},
	journal = {J. Mater. Chem. A},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2017},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {18951-18966},
	issn = {2050-7488, 2050-7496},
	doi = {10.1039/C7TA05025A},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C7TA05025A},
	author = {B. Bulfin and J. Vieten and C. Agrafiotis and M. Roeb and C. Sattler}
}
@article {801,
	title = {Characterizing Voltage Losses in an SO2 Depolarized Electrolyzer Using Sulfonated Polybenzimidazole Membranes},
	journal = {Journal of The Electrochemical Society},
	volume = {164},
	year = {2017},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {F1591-F1595},
	abstract = {Published on January 1st, 2017.
The hybrid sulfur cycle has been investigated as a means to produce CO2-free hydrogen efficiently on a large scale through the decomposition of H2SO4 to SO2, O2, and H2O, and then electrochemically oxidizing SO2 back to H2SO4 with the cogeneration of H2. The net effect is the production of hydrogen and oxygen from water. Recently, sulfonated polybenzimidazoles (s-PBI) have been investigated as a replacement for Nafion due to the ability to offer increased process efficiency through the generation of higher acid concentrations at lower potentials. Here, we measure the acid concentrations and individual potential contributions toward the overall operating voltage seen in the SO2-depolarized-electrolyzer. We then determine model parameters necessary to predict voltage losses in a cell over a wide range of operating temperatures, pressures, currents and reactant flow rates.},
	issn = {0013-4651, 1945-7111},
	doi = {10.1149/2.1061714jes},
	url = {http://jes.ecsdl.org/content/164/14/F1591},
	author = {Taylor R. Garrick and Cody H. Wilkins and Andrew T. Pingitore and Jacob Mehlhoff and Alex Gulledge and Brian C. Benicewicz and John W. Weidner}
}
@article {825,
	title = {A comparative overview of hydrogen production processes},
	journal = {Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews},
	volume = {67},
	year = {2017},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {597-611},
	abstract = {Published in January 2017.},
	issn = {13640321},
	doi = {10.1016/j.rser.2016.09.044},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1364032116305366},
	author = {Pavlos Nikolaidis and Andreas Poullikkas}
}
@article {1028,
	title = {Critical Review{\textemdash}Identifying Critical Gaps for Polymer Electrolyte Water Electrolysis Development},
	journal = {Journal of The Electrochemical Society},
	volume = {164},
	year = {2017},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {F387-F399},
	abstract = {Published on January 1st, 2017.
Although polymer electrolyte water electrolyzers (PEWEs) have been used in small-scale (kW to tens of kW range) applications for several decades, PEWE technology for hydrogen production in energy applications (power-to-gas, power-to-fuel, etc.) requires significant improvements in the technology to address the challenges associated with cost, performance and durability. Systems with power of hundreds of kW or even MWs, corresponding to hydrogen production rates of around 10 to 20 kg/h, have started to appear in the past 5 years. The thin (\~{}0.2 mm) polymer electrolyte in the PEWE with low ohmic resistance, compared to the alkaline cell with liquid electrolyte, allows operation at high current densities of 1{\textendash}3 A/cm2 and high differential pressure. This article, after an introductory overview of the operating principles of PEWE and state-of-the-art, discusses the state of understanding of key phenomena determining and limiting performance, durability, and commercial readiness, identifies important {\textquoteleft}gaps{\textquoteright} in understanding and essential development needs to bring PEWE science \& engineering forward to prosper in the energy market as one of its future backbone technologies. For this to be successful, science, engineering, and process development as well as business and market development need to go hand in hand.},
	issn = {0013-4651, 1945-7111},
	doi = {10.1149/2.1441704jes},
	url = {http://jes.ecsdl.org/content/164/4/F387},
	author = {Ugljesa Babic and Michel Suermann and Felix N. B{\"u}chi and Lorenz Gubler and Thomas J. Schmidt}
}
@article {1030,
	title = {A Decade of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Improvements at DTU Energy},
	journal = {ECS Transactions},
	volume = {75},
	year = {2017},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {3-14},
	abstract = {Published on January 11th, 2017.
Solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) can efficiently convert electrical energy (e.g. surplus wind power) to energy stored in fuels such as hydrogen or other synthetic fuels. Performance and durability of the SOEC has increased orders of magnitudes within the last decade. This paper presents a short review of the R\&D work on SOEC single cells conducted at DTU Energy from 2005 to 2015. The SOEC improvements have involved increasing the of the oxygen electrode performance, elimination of impurities in the feed streams, optimization of processing routes, and fuel electrode structure optimization. All together, these improvements have led to a decrease in long-term degradation rate from ~40 \%/kh to ~0.4 \%/kh for steam electrolysis at -1 A/cm2, while the initial area specific resistance has been decreased from 0.44 Wcm2 to 0.15 Wcm2 at -0.5 A/cm2 and 750 {\textdegree}C.},
	issn = {1938-6737, 1938-5862},
	doi = {10.1149/07542.0003ecst},
	url = {http://ecst.ecsdl.org/content/75/42/3},
	author = {Anne Hauch and Karen Brodersen and Ming Chen and Christopher Graves and S{\o}ren H{\o}jgaard Jensen and Peter Stanley J{\o}rgensen and Peter Vang Hendriksen and Mogens Bjerg Mogensen and Simona Ovtar and Xiufu Sun}
}
@article {766,
	title = {In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy of transition metal based water oxidation catalysts},
	journal = {Chemical Society Reviews},
	volume = {46},
	year = {2017},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {102-125},
	issn = {0306-0012, 1460-4744},
	doi = {10.1039/C6CS00230G},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C6CS00230G},
	author = {Christina H. M. van Oversteeg and Hoang Q. Doan and Frank M. F. de Groot and Tanja Cuk}
}
@article {823,
	title = {A novel CeO2{\textendash}xSnO2/Ce2Sn2O7 pyrochlore cycle for enhanced solar thermochemical water splitting},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	volume = {63},
	year = {2017},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {3450-3462},
	abstract = {Published in August 2017.},
	issn = {00011541},
	doi = {10.1002/aic.15701},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/aic.15701},
	author = {Chongyan Ruan and Yuan Tan and Lin Li and Junhu Wang and Xiaoyan Liu and Xiaodong Wang}
}
@article {980,
	title = {Perovskite oxides {\textendash} a review on a versatile material class for solar-to-fuel conversion processes},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Chemistry A},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2017},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {11983-12000},
	issn = {2050-7488, 2050-7496},
	doi = {10.1039/C7TA00987A},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C7TA00987A},
	author = {Markus Kubicek and Alexander H. Bork and Jennifer L. M. Rupp}
}
@article {822,
	title = {A piezomicrobalance system for high-temperature mass relaxation characterization of metal oxides: A case study of Pr-doped ceria},
	journal = {Journal of the American Ceramic Society},
	volume = {100},
	year = {2017},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1161-1171},
	abstract = {Published in March 2017.},
	issn = {00027820},
	doi = {10.1111/jace.14652},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/jace.14652},
	author = {Philipp Simons and Ho-Il Ji and Timothy C. Davenport and Sossina M. Haile}
}
@article {759,
	title = {Point defects in Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe): Resonant X-ray diffraction study of the low-temperature order/disorder transition},
	journal = {physica status solidi (b)},
	volume = {254},
	year = {2017},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1700156},
	abstract = {The interest in Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTS) for photovoltaic applications is motivated by similarities to Cu(In,Ga)Se2 while being comprised of non-toxic and earth abundant elements. However, CZTS suffers from a Voc deficit, where the Voc is much lower than expected based on the band gap, which may be the result of a high concentration of point-defects in the CZTS lattice. Recently, reports have observed a low-temperature order/disorder transition by Raman and optical spectroscopies in CZTS films and is reported to describe the ordering of Cu and Zn atoms in the CZTS crystal structure. To directly determine the level of Cu/Zn ordering, we have used resonant-XRD, a site, and element specific probe of long range order. We used CZTSe films annealed just below and quenched from just above the transition temperature; based on previous work, the Cu and Zn should be ordered and highly disordered, respectively. Our data show that there is some Cu/Zn ordering near the low temperature transition but significantly less than high chemical order expected from Raman. To understand both our resonant-XRD results and the Raman results, we present a structural model that involves antiphase domain boundaries and accommodates the excess Zn within the CZTS lattice.},
	issn = {1521-3951},
	doi = {10.1002/pssb.201700156},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/pssb.201700156},
	author = {L. T. Schelhas and K. H. Stone and S. P. Harvey and D. Zakhidov and A. Salleo and G. Teeter and I. L. Repins and M. F. Toney}
}
@article {988,
	title = {Self-optimizing, highly surface-active layered metal dichalcogenide catalysts for hydrogen evolution},
	journal = {Nature Energy},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2017},
	note = {<p>{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n\&nbsp;\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}</p>},
	pages = {17127},
	author = {Yuanyue Liu and Jingjie Wu and Ken P Hackenberg and Y. Morris Wang and Yingchao Yang and Kunttal Keyshar and Jing Gu and Tadashi Ogitsu and Robert Vajtai and Jun Lou and Pulickel M. Ajayan and Brandon C. Wood and Boris I. Yakobson}
}
@article {978,
	title = {Solar photochemical{\textendash}thermal water splitting at 140 {\textdegree}C with Cu-loaded TiO <sub>2</sub>},
	journal = {Energy \& Environmental Science},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2017},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {628-640},
	issn = {1754-5692, 1754-5706},
	doi = {10.1039/C6EE02974D},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C6EE02974D},
	author = {Son Docao and Agni Raj Koirala and Min Gyu Kim and In Chul Hwang and Mee Kyung Song and Kyung Byung Yoon}
}
@article {981,
	title = {Solar thermochemical splitting of CO <sub>2</sub> into separate streams of CO and O <sub>2</sub> with high selectivity, stability, conversion, and efficiency},
	journal = {Energy \& Environmental Science},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2017},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1142-1149},
	issn = {1754-5692, 1754-5706},
	doi = {10.1039/C6EE03776C},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C6EE03776C},
	author = {Daniel Marxer and Philipp Furler and Michael Takacs and Aldo Steinfeld}
}
@article {983,
	title = {Thermochemical CO <sub>2</sub> splitting using double perovskite-type Ba <sub>2</sub> Ca <sub>0.66</sub> Nb <sub>1.34-x</sub> Fe <sub>x</sub> O <sub>6-δ</sub>},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Chemistry A},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2017},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {6874-6883},
	issn = {2050-7488, 2050-7496},
	doi = {10.1039/C6TA10285A},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C6TA10285A},
	author = {Suresh Mulmi and Haomin Chen and Azfar Hassan and Jose F. Marco and Frank J. Berry and Farbod Sharif and Peter R. Slater and Edward P. L. Roberts and Stefan Adams and Venkataraman Thangadurai}
}
@article {979,
	title = {Thermodynamics of paired charge-compensating doped ceria with superior redox performance for solar thermochemical splitting of H <sub>2</sub> O and CO <sub>2</sub>},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Chemistry A},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2017},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {19476-19484},
	issn = {2050-7488, 2050-7496},
	doi = {10.1039/C7TA05824A},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C7TA05824A},
	author = {Marie Hoes and Christopher L. Muhich and Roger Jacot and Greta R. Patzke and Aldo Steinfeld}
}
@article {991,
	title = {Acidic or Alkaline? Towards a New Perspective on the Efficiency of Water Electrolysis},
	journal = {Journal of The Electrochemical Society},
	volume = {163},
	year = {2016},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {F3197-F3208},
	abstract = {Published on January 1st, 2016.
Water electrolysis is a promising technology for enabling the storage of surplus electricity produced by intermittent renewable power sources in the form of hydrogen. At the core of this technology is the electrolyte, and whether this is acidic or alkaline affects the reaction mechanisms, gas purities and is of significant importance for the stability and activity of the electrocatalysts. This article presents a simple but precise physical model to describe the voltage-current characteristic, heat balance, gas crossover and cell efficiency of water electrolyzers. State-of-the-art water electrolysis cells with acidic and alkaline electrolyte are experimentally characterized in order to parameterize the model. A rigorous comparison shows that alkaline water electrolyzers with Ni-based catalysts but thinner separators than those typically used is expected be more efficient than acidic water electrolysis with Ir and Pt based catalysts. This performance difference was attributed mainly to a similar conductivity but approximately 38-fold higher diffusivities of hydrogen and oxygen in the acidic polymer electrolyte membrane (Nafion) than those in the alkaline separator (Zirfon filled with a 30 wt} KOH solution). With reference to the detailed analysis of the cell characteristics, perspectives for the improvement of the efficiency of water electrolyzers are discussed.},
	issn = {0013-4651, 1945-7111},
	doi = {10.1149/2.0271611jes},
	url = {http://jes.ecsdl.org/content/163/11/F3197},
	author = {Maximilian Schalenbach and Geert Tjarks and Marcelo Carmo and Wiebke Lueke and Martin Mueller and Detlef Stolten}
}
@article {1011,
	title = {An analysis of degradation phenomena in polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis},
	journal = {Journal of Power Sources},
	volume = {326},
	year = {2016},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {120-128},
	abstract = {Published on September 15th, 2016.
The durability of a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolysis single cell, assembled with regular porous transport layers (PTLs) is investigated for just over 1000~h. We observe a significant degradation rate of 194~μV~h-1 and conclude that 78\% of the detectable degradation can be explained by an increase in ohmic resistance, arising from the anodic Ti-PTL. Analysis of the polarization curves also indicates a decrease in the anodic exchange current density, j0, that results from the over-time contamination of the anode with Ti species. Furthermore, the average Pt-cathode particle size increases during the test, but we do not believe this phenomenon makes a significant contribution to increased cell voltages. To validate the anode Ti-PTL as a crucial source of increasing resistance, a second cell is assembled using Pt-coated Ti-PTLs. This yields a substantially reduced degradation rate of only 12~μV~h-1, indicating that a non-corroding anode PTL is vital for PEM electrolyzers. It is our hope that forthcoming tailored PTLs will not only contribute to fast progress on cost-efficient stacks, but also to its long-term application of PEM electrolyzers involved in industrial processes.},
	issn = {0378-7753},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.06.082},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775316307844},
	author = {Christoph Rakousky and Uwe Reimer and Klaus Wippermann and Marcelo Carmo and Wiebke Lueke and Detlef Stolten}
}
@inbook {749,
	title = {Application of SR methods for the study of nanocomposite materials for Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {84},
	year = {2016},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {397-406},
	publisher = {Elsevier Science Bv},
	organization = {Elsevier Science Bv},
	address = {Amsterdam},
	abstract = {This work summarizes results of synchrotron radiation (SR) studies of the real/defect structure of nanocrystalline/nanocomposite oxide materials, which determines their functional properties in hydrogen energy field as catalysts and mixed ionic electronic conductors (cathodes and anodes of solid oxide fuel cells, oxygen separation membranes). For nanocrystalline ceria-zirconia mixed oxide prepared via modified Pechini route using ethanol solution of reagents, a high spatial uniformity of cations distribution between domains along with the oxygen sublattice deficiency revealed by full-profile Rietveld refinement of SR diffraction data provide structure disordering enhancing oxygen mobility. For PrNi0.5Co0.5O3-delta - Ce0.9Y0.1O2-delta nanocomposite extensive transfer of Pr cations into fluorite domains generates a new path of fast oxygen diffusion along chains of Pr3+ - Pr4+ cations as directly proved by analysis of the unit cell relaxation after changing pO(2) in perfect agreement with data obtained by oxygen isotope heteroexchange. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.},
	author = {V. A. Sadykov and S. N. Pavlova and Z. S. Vinokurov and A. N. Shmakov and N. F. Eremeev and Yu E. Fedorova and E. P. Yakimchuk and V. V. Kriventsov and V. A. Bolotov and Yu Yu Tanashev and E. M. Sadovskaya and S. V. Cherepanova and K. V. Zolotarev and N. A. Vinokurov and B. A. Knyazev}
}
@article {865,
	title = {Critical limitations on the efficiency of two-step thermochemical cycles},
	journal = {Solar Energy},
	volume = {123},
	year = {2016},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {57-73},
	abstract = {Published in January 2016.
*The authors bring to attention the need for standardizing methods to evaluate material performance, and propose a modeling framework from which to accomplish this.},
	issn = {0038092X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.solener.2015.09.036},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038092X15005228},
	author = {Colby Jarrett and William Chueh and Cansheng Yuan and Yoshiaki Kawajiri and Kenneth H. Sandhage and Asegun Henry}
}
@article {1035,
	title = {Current developments in reversible solid oxide fuel cells},
	journal = {Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews},
	volume = {61},
	year = {2016},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {155-174},
	abstract = {Published on August 1st, 2016.
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) and Solid Oxide Electrolyte Cells (SOEC) are often considered precluded mainly by their high cost, even when several technical issues have been continuously tackled over the past decades. Our energetic matrix is essentially based on finite fuel sources, which involve the emission of environmentally hazardous pollutants. Nevertheless, now there are several feasible and profitable benign routes for energy generation through solid oxide cells development, mainly for cells capable to produce energy and store it employing hydrogen as energy carrier. Those cells act reversibly as fuel or electrolyzer systems, which may be integrated in hybrid renewable energy plants and may be referred to as Reversible Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (RSOFC). In this article, the operation principles of SOEC and SOFC and the current state of the electrolyte, fuel and oxygen electrodes has been reviewed and discussed in detail. Each major section is divided into materials families, including manufacturing issues. Novel materials and processing techniques are currently in development and are summarized here. Moreover, key-points are suggested to overcome the known drawbacks and to improve the performance and economic feasibility in order to enhance the commercialization of RSOFC technology.},
	issn = {1364-0321},
	doi = {10.1016/j.rser.2016.03.005},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032116002409},
	author = {Sergio Yesid G{\'o}mez and Dachamir Hotza}
}
@conference {862,
	title = {Design and construction of a cascading pressure reactor prototype for solar-thermochemical hydrogen production},
	volume = {1734},
	year = {2016},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {120001},
	address = {Cape Town, South Africa},
	doi = {10.1063/1.4949203},
	url = {http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/proceeding/aipcp/10.1063/1.4949203},
	author = {Ivan Ermanoski and Johannes Grobbel and Abhishek Singh and Justin Lapp and Stefan Brendelberger and Martin Roeb and Christian Sattler and Josh Whaley and Anthony McDaniel and Nathan P. Siegel}
}
@article {869,
	title = {Effect of Flow Rates on Operation of a Solar Thermochemical Reactor for Splitting CO2 Via the Isothermal Ceria Redox Cycle},
	journal = {Journal of Solar Energy Engineering},
	volume = {138},
	year = {2016},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {011007},
	url = {https://solarenergyengineering.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx?articleid=2480938},
	author = {Brandon J. Hathaway and Rohini Bala Chandran and Stephen Sedler and Daniel Thomas and Adam Gladen and Thomas Chase and Jane H. Davidson}
}
@article {963,
	title = {Extreme high temperature redox kinetics in ceria: Exploration of the transition from gas-phase to material-kinetic limitations},
	journal = {Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2016},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {21554-21561},
	abstract = {*The authors use electrical conductivity relaxation to measure intrinsic redox kinetics of CeO<sub>2</sub> under STC-relevant conditions. This approach is unique to the field and demonstrates unequivocally that transport effects can confound kinetic measurements.},
	issn = {1463-9076, 1463-9084},
	doi = {10.1039/C6CP01935H},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C6CP01935H},
	author = {Ho-Il Ji and Timothy C. Davenport and Chirranjeevi Balaji Gopal and Sossina M. Haile}
}
@article {961,
	title = {Reduction enthalpy and charge distribution of substituted ferrites and doped ceria for thermochemical water and carbon dioxide splitting with DFT+U},
	journal = {Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2016},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {23587-23595},
	issn = {1463-9076, 1463-9084},
	doi = {10.1039/C6CP05073E},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C6CP05073E},
	author = {D. A. Dimitrakis and N. I. Tsongidis and A. G. Konstandopoulos}
}
@article {821,
	title = {A review and perspective of efficient hydrogen generation via solar thermal water splitting},
	journal = {Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2016},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {261-287},
	abstract = {Published in May 2016.},
	issn = {20418396},
	doi = {10.1002/wene.174},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/wene.174},
	author = {Christopher L. Muhich and Brian D. Ehrhart and Ibraheam Al-Shankiti and Barbara J. Ward and Charles B. Musgrave and Alan W. Weimer}
}
@article {773,
	title = {X-ray absorption study of ceria nanorods promoting the disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide},
	journal = {ChemComm},
	volume = {52},
	year = {2016},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {5003-5006},
	abstract = {A quasi in situ X-ray absorption study demonstrated that the disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) promoted by ceria nanorods was associated with a reversible Ce3+/Ce4+ reaction and structural transformations in ceria. The direction of this reversible reaction was postulated to depend on the H2O2 concentration and the fraction of Ce3+ species in ceria nanorods.},
	doi = {10.1039/c5cc10643e},
	author = {Wu Tai-Sing and Zhou Yunyun and Sabirianov Renat and Mei Wai-Ning and Soo Yun-Liang and Cheung Chin}
}
@article {1002,
	title = {Benchmarking Hydrogen Evolving Reaction and Oxygen Evolving Reaction Electrocatalysts for Solar Water Splitting Devices},
	journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
	volume = {137},
	year = {2015},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {4347-4357},
	abstract = {Published on April 8th, 2015.
Objective comparisons of electrocatalyst activity and stability using standard methods under identical conditions are necessary to evaluate the viability of existing electrocatalysts for integration into solar-fuel devices as well as to help inform the development of new catalytic systems. Herein, we use a standard protocol as a primary screen for evaluating the activity, short-term (2 h) stability, and electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) of 18 electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and 26 electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) under conditions relevant to an integrated solar water-splitting device in aqueous acidic or alkaline solution. Our primary figure of merit is the overpotential necessary to achieve a magnitude current density of 10 mA cm{\textendash}2 per geometric area, the approximate current density expected for a 10\% efficient solar-to-fuels conversion device under 1 sun illumination. The specific activity per ECSA of each material is also reported. Among HER catalysts, several could operate at 10 mA cm{\textendash}2 with overpotentials <0.1 V in acidic and/or alkaline solutions. Among OER catalysts in acidic solution, no non-noble metal based materials showed promising activity and stability, whereas in alkaline solution many OER catalysts performed with similar activity achieving 10 mA cm{\textendash}2 current densities at overpotentials of \~{}0.33{\textendash}0.5 V. Most OER catalysts showed comparable or better specific activity per ECSA when compared to Ir and Ru catalysts in alkaline solutions, while most HER catalysts showed much lower specific activity than Pt in both acidic and alkaline solutions. For select catalysts, additional secondary screening measurements were conducted including Faradaic efficiency and extended stability measurements.},
	issn = {0002-7863},
	doi = {10.1021/ja510442p},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/ja510442p},
	author = {Charles C. L. McCrory and Suho Jung and Ivonne M. Ferrer and Shawn M. Chatman and Jonas C. Peters and Thomas F. Jaramillo}
}
@article {1135,
	title = {Best Practices in Perovskite Solar Cell Efficiency Measurements. Avoiding the Error of Making Bad Cells Look Good},
	journal = {Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2015},
	month = {03},
	pages = {852-857},
	keywords = {additive engineering, encapsulation, Perovskite, perovskite defects, perovskite degradation, perovskite solar cell, perovskite solar cell stability},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00289},
	author = {Christians, Jeffrey and Manser, Joseph and Kamat, Prashant}
}
@article {1013,
	title = {Characterization of PEM fuel cell degradation by polarization change curves},
	journal = {Journal of Power Sources},
	volume = {294},
	year = {2015},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {82-87},
	abstract = {Published on October 30th, 2015.
Polarization change curves, defined as a difference between the polarization curve at the beginning of life and the actual polarization curve after the cell has been operational for some time, were used to analyze degradation of a PEM fuel cell exposed to voltage cycling as an accelerated stress test for electrocatalyst degradation. Degradation, i.e., loss of voltage was due to increase of activation losses and increase of resistance in the catalyst layer, both most likely due to the loss of catalyst electrochemically active area. The results of the polarization change curves analysis correspond to the findings of the periodic individual tests performed during the accelerated stress test, such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry. Therefore, this method has potential to be used as a relatively quick and simple, yet effective, degradation diagnostic tool.},
	issn = {0378-7753},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.06.047},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775315010812},
	author = {Dario Bezmalinovic and Boris Simic and Frano Barbir}
}
@article {806,
	title = {Concept analysis of an indirect particle-based redox process for solar-driven H2O/CO2 splitting},
	journal = {Solar Energy},
	volume = {113},
	year = {2015},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {158-170},
	abstract = {Published in March 2015.},
	issn = {0038092X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.solener.2014.12.035},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038092X14006264},
	author = {Stefan Brendelberger and Christian Sattler}
}
@article {951,
	title = {Design of a Solar Reactor to Split CO2 Via Isothermal Redox Cycling of Ceria},
	journal = {Journal of Solar Energy Engineering},
	volume = {137},
	year = {2015},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {031007},
	url = {https://solarenergyengineering.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx?articleID=1920469},
	author = {Roman Bader and Rohini Bala Chandran and Luke J. Venstrom and Stephen J. Sedler and Peter T. Krenzke and Robert M. De Smith and Aayan Banerjee and Thomas R. Chase and Jane H. Davidson and Wojciech Lipi{\'L} and }
}
@article {786,
	title = {Diverse structures of mixed-metal oxides containing rare earths and their magnetic properties},
	journal = {Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan},
	volume = {123},
	year = {2015},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {845-852},
	issn = {1348-6535, 1882-0743},
	doi = {10.2109/jcersj2.123.845},
	url = {https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jcersj2/123/1441/123_JCSJ-R15088/_article/-char/ja/},
	author = {Yukio Hinatsu}
}
@article {859,
	title = {A general framework for the assessment of solar fuel technologies},
	journal = {Energy Environ. Sci.},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2015},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {126-157},
	issn = {1754-5692, 1754-5706},
	doi = {10.1039/C4EE01958J},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C4EE01958J},
	author = {Jeffrey A. Herron and Jiyong Kim and Aniruddha A. Upadhye and George W. Huber and Christos T. Maravelias}
}
@article {794,
	title = {Influence of the synthesis route on the formation of 12R/10H-polytypes and their magnetic properties within the Ba(Ce,Mn)O <sub>3</sub> family},
	journal = {New Journal of Chemistry},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2015},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {829-835},
	issn = {1144-0546, 1369-9261},
	doi = {10.1039/C4NJ00798K},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C4NJ00798K},
	author = {Mario A. Mac{\'\i}as and Olivier Mentr{\'e} and Caroline Pirovano and Pascal Roussel and Silviu Colis and Gilles H. Gauthier}
}
@article {1006,
	title = {Methods for comparing the performance of energy-conversion systems for use in solar fuels and solar electricity generation},
	journal = {Energy \& Environmental Science},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2015},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2886-2901},
	doi = {10.1039/C5EE00777A},
	url = {http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2015/EE/C5EE00777A},
	author = {Robert H.~Coridan and Adam C.~Nielander and Sonja A.~Francis and Matthew T.~McDowell and Victoria Dix and Shawn M.~Chatman and Nathan S.~Lewis}
}
@article {856,
	title = {A new solar fuels reactor concept based on a liquid metal heat transfer fluid: Reactor design and efficiency estimation},
	journal = {Solar Energy},
	volume = {122},
	year = {2015},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {547-561},
	abstract = {Published in December 2015.},
	issn = {0038092X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.solener.2015.08.019},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038092X15004557},
	author = {Cansheng Yuan and Colby Jarrett and William Chueh and Yoshiaki Kawajiri and Asegun Henry}
}
@article {852,
	title = {Noteworthy performance of La<sub>1-x</sub>Ca<sub>x</sub>MnO<sub>3</sub> perovskites in generating H<sub>2</sub> and CO by the thermochemical splitting of H<sub>2</sub>O and CO<sub>2</sub>},
	journal = {Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2015},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {122-125},
	issn = {1463-9076, 1463-9084},
	doi = {10.1039/C4CP04578E},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C4CP04578E},
	author = {Sunita Dey and B. S. Naidu and A. Govindaraj and C. N. R. Rao}
}
@article {957,
	title = {Oxygen nonstoichiometry and thermodynamic characterization of Zr doped ceria in the 1573{\textendash}1773 K temperature range},
	journal = {Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2015},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {7813-7822},
	issn = {1463-9076, 1463-9084},
	doi = {10.1039/C4CP04916K},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C4CP04916K},
	author = {M. Takacs and J. R. Scheffe and A. Steinfeld}
}
@article {946,
	title = {Perovskite La<sub>0.6</sub>Sr<sub>0.4</sub>Cr<sub>1-x</sub>Co<sub>x</sub>O<sub>3-δ</sub> solid solutions for solar-thermochemical fuel production: strategies to lower the operation temperature},
	journal = {J. Mater. Chem. A},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2015},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {15546-15557},
	issn = {2050-7488, 2050-7496},
	doi = {10.1039/C5TA02519B},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C5TA02519B},
	author = {A. H. Bork and M. Kubicek and M. Struzik and J. L. M. Rupp}
}
@article {954,
	title = {Perovskite promoted iron oxide for hybrid water-splitting and syngas generation with exceptional conversion},
	journal = {Energy Environ. Sci.},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2015},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {535-539},
	issn = {1754-5692, 1754-5706},
	doi = {10.1039/C4EE03431G},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C4EE03431G},
	author = {Feng He and Fanxing Li}
}
@article {861,
	title = {Predicting the solar thermochemical water splitting ability and reaction mechanism of metal oxides: a case study of the hercynite family of water splitting cycles},
	journal = {Energy Environ. Sci.},
	year = {2015},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	issn = {1754-5692, 1754-5706},
	doi = {10.1039/C5EE01979F},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C5EE01979F},
	author = {Christopher L. Muhich and Brian D. Ehrhart and Vanessa A. Witte and Samantha L. Miller and Eric N. Coker and Charles B. Musgrave and Alan W. Weimer}
}
@article {820,
	title = {A review on solar thermal syngas production via redox pair-based water/carbon dioxide splitting thermochemical cycles},
	journal = {Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews},
	volume = {42},
	year = {2015},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {254-285},
	abstract = {Published in February 2015.},
	issn = {13640321},
	doi = {10.1016/j.rser.2014.09.039},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1364032114008120},
	author = {Christos Agrafiotis and Martin Roeb and Christian Sattler}
}
@article {851,
	title = {Solar thermochemical conversion of CO<sub>2</sub> into fuel via two-step redox cycling of non-stoichiometric Mn-containing perovskite oxides},
	journal = {J. Mater. Chem. A},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2015},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {3536-3546},
	issn = {2050-7488, 2050-7496},
	doi = {10.1039/C4TA06655C},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C4TA06655C},
	author = {Antoine Demont and St{\'e}phane Abanades}
}
@article {860,
	title = {Surface controlled reduction kinetics of nominally undoped polycrystalline CeO <sub>2</sub>},
	journal = {Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2015},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {5849-5860},
	issn = {1463-9076, 1463-9084},
	doi = {10.1039/C4CP05742B},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C4CP05742B},
	author = {Nicole Knoblauch and Lars D{\"o}rrer and Peter Fielitz and Martin Schm{\"u}cker and G{\"u}nter Borchardt}
}
@article {929,
	title = {Advancing Oxide Materials for Thermochemical Production of Solar Fuels},
	journal = {Energy Procedia},
	volume = {49},
	year = {2014},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2019-2026},
	issn = {18766102},
	doi = {10.1016/j.egypro.2014.03.214},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1876610214006687},
	author = {J.E. Miller and A. Ambrosini and E.N. Coker and M.D. Allendorf and A.H. McDaniel}
}
@article {928,
	title = {Annual Average Efficiency of a Solar-thermochemical Reactor},
	journal = {Energy Procedia},
	volume = {49},
	year = {2014},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1932-1939},
	issn = {18766102},
	doi = {10.1016/j.egypro.2014.03.205},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1876610214006596},
	author = {I. Ermanoski and N. Siegel}
}
@article {814,
	title = {Cascading pressure thermal reduction for efficient solar fuel production},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2014},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {13114-13117},
	abstract = {Published in August 2014.},
	issn = {03603199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.06.143},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360319914018862},
	author = {Ivan Ermanoski}
}
@article {846,
	title = {CeO2 modified Fe2O3 for the chemical hydrogen storage and production via cyclic water splitting},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2014},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {13381-13388},
	abstract = {Published in August 2014.},
	issn = {03603199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.04.136},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S036031991401194X},
	author = {Xing Zhu and Lingyue Sun and Yane Zheng and Hua Wang and Yonggang Wei and Kongzhai Li}
}
@article {844,
	title = {Ceria-based electrospun fibers for renewable fuel production via two-step thermal redox cycles for carbon dioxide splitting},
	journal = {Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2014},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {14271},
	issn = {1463-9076, 1463-9084},
	doi = {10.1039/c4cp01974a},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=c4cp01974a},
	author = {William T. Gibbons and Luke J. Venstrom and Robert M. De Smith and Jane H. Davidson and Gregory S. Jackson}
}
@article {811,
	title = {Ceria{\textendash}zirconia solid solutions (Ce<sub>1{\textendash}<i>x</i></sub>Zr<sub><i>x</i></sub>O<sub>2-δ</sub>, <i>x</i><=0.2) for solar thermochemical water splitting: A thermodynamic study},
	journal = {Chemistry of Materials},
	volume = {26},
	year = {2014},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {6073-6082},
	abstract = {Published on October 28th, 2014.},
	issn = {0897-4756, 1520-5002},
	doi = {10.1021/cm503131p},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/cm503131p},
	author = {Yong Hao and Chih-Kai Yang and Sossina M. Haile}
}
@article {810,
	title = {Characterization of Two-Step Tin-Based Redox System for Thermochemical Fuel Production from Solar-Driven CO <sub>2</sub> and H <sub>2</sub> O Splitting Cycle},
	journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research},
	volume = {53},
	year = {2014},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {5668-5677},
	abstract = {Published on April 9th, 2014.},
	issn = {0888-5885, 1520-5045},
	doi = {10.1021/ie500206u},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie500206u},
	author = {Ga{\"e}l Lev{\^e}que and St{\'e}phane Abanades and Jean-Claude Jumas and Josette Olivier-Fourcade}
}
@article {805,
	title = {Considerations in the design of materials for solar-driven fuel production using metal-oxide thermochemical cycles},
	journal = {Advanced Energy Materials},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2014},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1300469},
	abstract = {Published in January 2014.
*The authors identify key factors that affect STC material selection, going beyond simple thermodynamic screening. They discuss microstructural stability, phase-stability, transport effects in reactor designs, kinetics, and how these issues relate to process economics.},
	issn = {16146832},
	doi = {10.1002/aenm.201300469},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/aenm.201300469},
	author = {James E. Miller and Anthony H. McDaniel and Mark D. Allendorf}
}
@article {927,
	title = {Efficiency maximization in solar-thermochemical fuel production: Challenging the concept of isothermal water splitting},
	journal = {Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2014},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {8418},
	issn = {1463-9076, 1463-9084},
	doi = {10.1039/c4cp00978a},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=c4cp00978a},
	author = {I. Ermanoski and J. E. Miller and M. D. Allendorf}
}
@article {941,
	title = {Nonstoichiometric perovskite oxides for solar thermochemical H<sub>2</sub> and CO production},
	journal = {Energy Procedia},
	volume = {49},
	year = {2014},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2009-2018},
	issn = {18766102},
	doi = {10.1016/j.egypro.2014.03.213},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1876610214006675},
	author = {A.H. McDaniel and A. Ambrosini and E.N. Coker and J.E. Miller and W.C. Chueh and R. O{\textquoteright}Hayre and J. Tong}
}
@article {939,
	title = {Oxide enthalpy of formation and band gap energy as accurate descriptors of oxygen vacancy formation energetics},
	journal = {Energy \& Environmental Science},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2014},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1996},
	issn = {1754-5692, 1754-5706},
	doi = {10.1039/c3ee43874k},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=c3ee43874k},
	author = {Ann M. Deml and Vladan Stevanovi{\'c} and Christopher L. Muhich and Charles B. Musgrave and Ryan O{\textquoteright}Hayre}
}
@article {838,
	title = {Analysis and improvement of a high-efficiency solar cavity reactor design for a two-step thermochemical cycle for solar hydrogen production from water},
	journal = {Solar Energy},
	volume = {97},
	year = {2013},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {26-38},
	abstract = {Published in November 2013.},
	issn = {0038092X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.solener.2013.07.032},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038092X13003071},
	author = {Anis Houaijia and Christian Sattler and Martin Roeb and Matthias Lange and Stefan Breuer and Jan Peter S{\"a}ck}
}
@article {816,
	title = {Analytical Model of CeO <sub>2</sub> Oxidation and Reduction},
	journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
	volume = {117},
	year = {2013},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {24129-24137},
	abstract = {Published on November 21st, 2013.},
	issn = {1932-7447, 1932-7455},
	doi = {10.1021/jp406578z},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp406578z},
	author = {B. Bulfin and A. J. Lowe and K. A. Keogh and B. E. Murphy and O. L{\"u}bben and S. A. Krasnikov and I. V. Shvets}
}
@article {826,
	title = {A Beam-down Central Receiver for Solar Thermochemical Hydrogen Production},
	number = {Proceedings of the American Solar Energy Society},
	year = {2013},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	address = {Baltimore, MD USA},
	abstract = {Published in April 2013},
	url = {http://proceedings.ases.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/SOLAR2013_0034_final-paper.pdf},
	author = {Nathan P. Siegel and Ivan Ermanoski}
}
@article {807,
	title = {Cobalt Ferrite in YSZ for Use as Reactive Material in Solar Thermochemical Water and Carbon Dioxide Splitting, Part II: Kinetic Modeling},
	journal = {JOM},
	year = {2013},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	abstract = {Published on October 8th, 2013.},
	issn = {1047-4838, 1543-1851},
	doi = {10.1007/s11837-013-0774-1},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11837-013-0774-1},
	author = {Kyle M. Allen and Nick Auyeung and Nima Rahmatian and James F. Klausner and Eric N. Coker}
}
@article {836,
	title = {Design of Materials for Solar-Driven Fuel Production by Metal-Oxide Thermochemical Cycles},
	journal = {Electrochemical Society Interface},
	volume = {22},
	year = {2013},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {63-68},
	url = {https://electrochem.org/dl/interface/wtr/wtr13/wtr13_p063_068.pdf},
	author = {Mark D. Allendorf and James E. Miller and Anthony H. McDaniel}
}
@article {915,
	title = {High-temperature isothermal chemical cycling for solar-driven fuel production},
	journal = {Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2013},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {17084},
	issn = {1463-9076, 1463-9084},
	doi = {10.1039/c3cp53270d},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=c3cp53270d},
	author = {Yong Hao and Chih-Kai Yang and Sossina M. Haile}
}
@article {933,
	title = {Kinetics and mechanism of solar-thermochemical H<sub>2</sub> production by oxidation of a cobalt ferrite{\textendash}zirconia composite},
	journal = {Energy \& Environmental Science},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2013},
	note = {<p>{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n\&nbsp;\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright} {\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}</p>},
	pages = {963},
	issn = {1754-5692, 1754-5706},
	doi = {10.1039/c3ee23568h},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=c3ee23568h},
	author = {Jonathan R. Scheffe and Anthony H. McDaniel and Mark D. Allendorf and Alan W. Weimer}
}
@article {824,
	title = {A Model of Transient Heat and Mass Transfer in a Heterogeneous Medium of Ceria Undergoing Nonstoichiometric Reduction},
	journal = {Journal of Heat Transfer},
	volume = {135},
	year = {2013},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {052701},
	abstract = {Published on April 11th, 2013.},
	issn = {0022-1481},
	doi = {10.1115/1.4023494},
	url = {http://heattransfer.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx?doi=10.1115/1.4023494},
	author = {Daniel J. Keene and Jane H. Davidson and Wojciech Lipi{\'n}ski}
}
@article {924,
	title = {A new reactor concept for efficient solar-thermochemical fuel production},
	journal = {Journal of Solar Energy Engineering},
	volume = {135},
	year = {2013},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {031002},
	issn = {01996231},
	doi = {10.1115/1.4023356},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/JSEEDO/v135/i3/p031002/s1\&Agg=doi},
	author = {Ivan Ermanoski and Nathan P. Siegel and Ellen B. Stechel}
}
@book {1000,
	title = {Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: Standards, Experimental Methods, and Protocols},
	series = {SpringerBriefs in Energy},
	year = {2013},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	organization = {Springer-Verlag},
	address = {New York},
	abstract = {This book outlines many of the techniques involved in materials development and characterization for photoelectrochemical (PEC) {\textendash} for example, proper metrics for describing material performance, how to assemble testing cells and prepare materials for assessment of their properties, and how to perform the experimental measurements needed to achieve reliable results towards better scientific understanding. For each technique, proper procedure, benefits, limitations, and data interpretation are discussed. Consolidating this information in a short, accessible, and easy to read reference guide will allow researchers to more rapidly immerse themselves into PEC research and also better compare their results against those of other researchers to better advance materials development. This book serves as a {\textquotedblleft}how-to{\textquotedblright} guide for researchers engaged in or interested in engaging in the field of photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. PEC water splitting is a rapidly growing field of research in which the goal is to develop materials which can absorb the energy from sunlight to drive electrochemical hydrogen production from the splitting of water. The substantial complexity in the scientific understanding and experimental protocols needed to sufficiently pursue accurate and reliable materials development means that a large need exists to consolidate and standardize the most common methods utilized by researchers in this field.},
	isbn = {9781461482970},
	url = {//www.springer.com/us/book/9781461482970},
	author = {Zhebo Chen and Huyen Dinh and Eric Miller}
}
@article {837,
	title = {A review on development of industrial processes and emerging techniques for production of hydrogen from renewable and sustainable sources},
	journal = {Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews},
	volume = {23},
	year = {2013},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {443-462},
	abstract = {Published in July 2013.},
	issn = {13640321},
	doi = {10.1016/j.rser.2013.02.019},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1364032113001214},
	author = {Rashmi Chaubey and Satanand Sahu and Olusola O. James and Sudip Maity}
}
@article {917,
	title = {Sr- and Mn-doped LaAlO<sub>3-δ</sub> for solar thermochemical H<sub>2</sub> and CO production},
	journal = {Energy \& Environmental Science},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2013},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2424-2428},
	issn = {1754-5692},
	doi = {10.1039/C3EE41372A},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C3EE41372A},
	author = {Anthony H. McDaniel and Elizabeth C. Miller and Darwin Arifin and Andrea Ambrosini and Eric N. Coker and Ryan O{\textquoteright}Hayre and William C. Chueh and Jianhua Tong}
}
@article {1029,
	title = {Accelerated lifetime testing and standardization of SOFC systems | Dansk Gasteknisk Center},
	number = {64009-0246},
	year = {2012},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	abstract = {There is a demand for methods to evaluate or predict the lifetime of SOFC systems. The mechanisms behind cell degradation are fairly well known, but the system aspects including the effects of operating conditions are less well known. The project has shown that there exists no agreed method to predict the lifetime of an SOFC system. Even a lifetime definition does not exist.},
	url = {https://www.dgc.dk/publikation/2012/accelerated-lifetime-testing-and-standardization-sofc-systems},
	author = {Mikael N{\"a}slund and Henrik Iskov}
}
@article {999,
	title = {Addressing the terawatt challenge: scalability in the supply of chemical elements for renewable energy},
	journal = {RSC Advances},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2012},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {7933-7947},
	doi = {10.1039/C2RA20839C},
	url = {http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2012/RA/C2RA20839C},
	author = {Peter C. K.~Vesborg and Thomas F.~Jaramillo}
}
@article {815,
	title = {Atomic layer deposited thin film metal oxides for fuel production in a solar cavity reactor},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {37},
	year = {2012},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {16888-16894},
	abstract = {Published in November 2012.},
	issn = {03603199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.08.004},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360319912017703},
	author = {Paul Lichty and Xinhua Liang and Christopher Muhich and Brian Evanko and Carl Bingham and Alan W. Weimer}
}
@article {1018,
	title = {Cell failure mechanisms in PEM water electrolyzers},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {37},
	year = {2012},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {17478-17487},
	abstract = {Published on November 1st, 2012.
PEM water electrolysis offers an efficient and flexible way to produce {\textquotedblleft}green-hydrogen{\textquotedblright} from renewable (intermittent) energy sources. Most research papers published in the open literature on the subject are addressing performances issues and to date, very few information is available concerning the mechanisms of performance degradation and the associated consequences. Results reported in this communication have been used to analyze the failure mechanisms of PEM water electrolysis cells which can ultimately lead to the destruction of the electrolyzer. A two-step process involving firstly the local perforation of the solid polymer electrolyte followed secondly by the catalytic recombination of hydrogen and oxygen stored in the electrolysis compartments has been evidenced. The conditions leading to the onset of such mechanism are discussed and some preventive measures are proposed to avoid accidents.},
	issn = {0360-3199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.06.017},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319912013638},
	author = {P. Millet and A. Ranjbari and F. de Guglielmo and S. A. Grigoriev and F. Aupr{\^e}tre}
}
@article {808,
	title = {CO2 valorisation based on Fe3O4/FeO thermochemical redox reactions using concentrated solar energy},
	journal = {International Journal of Energy Research},
	year = {2012},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {n/a-n/a},
	abstract = {Published in February 2012.},
	issn = {0363907X},
	doi = {10.1002/er.1953},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/er.1953},
	author = {St{\'e}phane Abanades and Isabel Villafan-Vidales}
}
@article {898,
	title = {CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> on a Porous Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanostructure for Solar Thermochemical CO<sub>2</sub> Splitting},
	journal = {Energy \& Environmental Science},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2012},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {9438-9444},
	issn = {1754-5692, 1754-5706},
	doi = {10.1039/c2ee22090c},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=c2ee22090c},
	author = {Darwin Arifin and Victoria J. Aston and Xinhua Liang and Anthony H. McDaniel and Alan W. Weimer}
}
@article {913,
	title = {Concentrating solar thermal power and thermochemical fuels},
	journal = {Energy \& Environmental Science},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2012},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {9234-9245},
	issn = {1754-5692, 1754-5706},
	doi = {10.1039/c2ee21275g},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=c2ee21275g},
	author = {Manuel Romero and Aldo Steinfeld}
}
@article {901,
	title = {Dopant Incorporation in Ceria for Enhanced Water-Splitting Activity During Solar Thermochemical Hydrogen Generation},
	journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
	volume = {116},
	year = {2012},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {13516{\textendash}13523},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp302146c},
	author = {A. Le Gal and S. Abanades}
}
@article {921,
	title = {The Effects of Morphology on the Oxidation of Ceria by Water and Carbon Dioxide},
	journal = {Journal of Solar Energy Engineering},
	volume = {134},
	year = {2012},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {011005},
	issn = {01996231},
	doi = {10.1115/1.4005119},
	url = {http://SolarEnergyEngineering.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx?articleid=1456274},
	author = {Luke J. Venstrom and Nicholas Petkovich and Stephen Rudisill and Andreas Stein and Jane H. Davidson}
}
@article {899,
	title = {Fuel production from CO<sub>2</sub> using solar-thermal energy: system level analysis},
	journal = {Energy \& Environmental Science},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2012},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {8417},
	issn = {1754-5692, 1754-5706},
	doi = {10.1039/c2ee21798h},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=c2ee21798h},
	author = {Jiyong Kim and Terry A. Johnson and James E. Miller and Ellen B. Stechel and Christos T. Maravelias}
}
@article {835,
	title = {Low-temperature, manganese oxide-based, thermochemical water splitting cycle},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	volume = {109},
	year = {2012},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {9260{\textendash}9264},
	url = {http://www.pnas.org/content/109/24/9260.short},
	author = {Bingjun Xu and Yashodhan Bhawe and Mark E. Davis}
}
@article {908,
	title = {Oxygen Transport and Isotopic Exchange in Iron Oxide/YSZ Thermochemically-active Materials via Splitting of C(<sup>18</sup>O)<sub>2</sub> at High Temperature Studied by Thermogravimetric Analysis and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Chemistry},
	volume = {22},
	year = {2012},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {6726},
	issn = {0959-9428, 1364-5501},
	doi = {10.1039/c2jm15324f},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=c2jm15324f},
	author = {Eric N. Coker and James A. Ohlhausen and Andrea Ambrosini and James E. Miller}
}
@article {1005,
	title = {Recommended Best Practices for the Characterization of Storage Properties of Hydrogen Storage Materials | Department of Energy},
	year = {2012},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	url = {https://energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/downloads/recommended-best-practices-characterization-storage-properties-hydrogen-0},
	author = {Karl J. Gross and K. Russell Carrington and Steven Barcelo}
}
@article {911,
	title = {Re-evaluation of the efficiency of a ceria-based thermochemical cycle for solar fuel generation},
	journal = {Chemical Communications},
	year = {2012},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	url = {http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2012/cc/c2cc34617f},
	author = {T. Rager}
}
@article {919,
	title = {Reimagining liquid transportation fuels : Sunshine to Petrol.},
	number = {SAND2012-0307},
	year = {2012},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	url = {http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1035344/},
	author = {James Edward Miller and Mark D. Allendorf and Andrea Ambrosini and Ken Shuang Chen and Eric Nicholas Coker and Daniel E. Dedrick and Richard B., Jr. Diver and Roy E., Jr. Hogan and Ivan Ermanoski and Terry Alan Johnson and Gary L. Kellog and Anthony H. McDaniel and Nathan Phillip Siegel and Chad Lynn Staiger and Ellen Beth Stechel}
}
@article {910,
	title = {Syngas production by simultaneous splitting of H2O and CO2 via ceria redox reactions in a high-temperature solar reactor},
	journal = {Energy \& Environmental Science},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2012},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {6098},
	issn = {1754-5692, 1754-5706},
	doi = {10.1039/c1ee02620h},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=c1ee02620h},
	author = {Philipp Furler and Jonathan R. Scheffe and Aldo Steinfeld}
}
@article {914,
	title = {Thermodynamic Analysis of Cerium-based Oxides for Solar Thermochemical Fuel Production},
	journal = {Energy \& Fuels},
	year = {2012},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	author = {J. R. Scheffe and A. Steinfeld}
}
@article {804,
	title = {Control of Heterogeneity in Nanostructured Ce1{\textendash}xZrxO2 Binary Oxides for Enhanced Thermal Stability and Water Splitting Activity},
	journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
	volume = {115},
	year = {2011},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {21022-21033},
	abstract = {Published on November 3rd, 2011.},
	issn = {1932-7447, 1932-7455},
	doi = {10.1021/jp2071315},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp2071315},
	author = {Nicholas D. Petkovich and Stephen G. Rudisill and Luke J. Venstrom and Daniel B. Boman and Jane H. Davidson and Andreas Stein}
}
@article {809,
	title = {CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O Splitting for Thermochemical Production of Solar Fuels Using Nonstoichiometric Ceria and Ceria/Zirconia Solid Solutions},
	journal = {Energy \& Fuels},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2011},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {4836-4845},
	abstract = {Published on October 20th, 2011.},
	issn = {0887-0624, 1520-5029},
	doi = {10.1021/ef200972r},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ef200972r},
	author = {Alex Le Gal and St{\'e}phane Abanades and Gilles Flamant}
}
@article {895,
	title = {Ferrite-YSZ composites for solar thermochemical production of synthetic fuels: in operando characterization of CO2 reduction},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Chemistry},
	volume = {21},
	year = {2011},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {10767{\textendash}10776},
	url = {http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2011/jm/c1jm11053e},
	author = {E. N. Coker and A. Ambrosini and M. A. Rodriguez and J. E. Miller}
}
@article {906,
	title = {Solar thermochemical hydrogen production research (STCH): Thermochemical cycle selection and investment priority},
	number = {SAND2011-3622},
	year = {2011},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	url = {https://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/1219357-solar-thermochemical-hydrogen-production-research-stch},
	author = {Robert Perret}
}
@article {799,
	title = {Synthesis and characterization of oxide materials for thermochemical CO2 splitting using concentrated solar energy.},
	year = {2011},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	author = {Andrea Ambrosini and Ellen B Stechel and Eric Nicholas Coker and James E Miller and James Anthony Ohlhausen and Mark A Rodriguez}
}
@article {907,
	title = {Technologies and trends in solar power and fuels},
	journal = {Energy \& Environmental Science},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2011},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2503},
	issn = {1754-5692, 1754-5706},
	doi = {10.1039/c1ee01128f},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=c1ee01128f},
	author = {Martin Roeb and Martina Neises and Nathalie Monnerie and Christian Sattler and Robert Pitz-Paal}
}
@article {817,
	title = {Advances in hydrogen production by thermochemical water decomposition: A review},
	journal = {Energy},
	volume = {35},
	year = {2010},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1068-1076},
	abstract = {Published in February 2010.},
	issn = {03605442},
	doi = {10.1016/j.energy.2009.06.018},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360544209002345},
	author = {Marc A. Rosen}
}
@article {813,
	title = {Ce0.67Cr0.33O2.11: A New Low-Temperature O2 Evolution Material and H2 Generation Catalyst by Thermochemical Splitting of Water},
	journal = {Chemistry of Materials},
	volume = {22},
	year = {2010},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {762-768},
	abstract = {Published on February 9th, 2010.},
	issn = {0897-4756, 1520-5002},
	doi = {10.1021/cm9013305},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/cm9013305},
	author = {Preetam Singh and M. S. Hegde}
}
@article {894,
	title = {Concentrated solar power for renewable electricity and hydrogen production from water{\textemdash}a review},
	journal = {Energy \& Environmental Science},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2010},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1398},
	issn = {1754-5692, 1754-5706},
	doi = {10.1039/b922607a},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=b922607a},
	author = {B. Coelho and A. C. Oliveira and A. Mendes}
}
@article {841,
	title = {Concentrating on Solar Electricity and Fuels},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {329},
	year = {2010},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {773-774},
	abstract = {Published on August 13th, 2010.},
	issn = {0036-8075, 1095-9203},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1191137},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.1191137},
	author = {M. Roeb and H. Muller-Steinhagen}
}
@article {1021,
	title = {Corrosion of metal bipolar plates for PEM fuel cells: A review},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {35},
	year = {2010},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {3632-3647},
	abstract = {Published on April 1st, 2010.
PEM fuel cells are of prime interest in transportation applications due to their relatively high efficiency and low pollutant emissions. Bipolar plates are the key components of these devices as they account for significant fractions of their weight and cost. Metallic materials have advantages over graphite-based ones because of their higher mechanical strength and better electrical conductivity. However, corrosion resistance is a major concern that remains to be solved as metals may develop oxide layers that increase electrical resistivity, thus lowering the fuel cell efficiency. This paper aims to present the main results found in recent literature about the corrosion performance of metallic bipolar plates.},
	issn = {0360-3199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.01.059},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319910001308},
	author = {Renato A. Antunes and Mara Cristina L. Oliveira and Gerhard Ett and Volkmar Ett}
}
@article {886,
	title = {Investigation of Reactive Cerium-Based Oxides for H<sub>2</sub> Production by Thermochemical Two-Step Water-Splitting},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Science},
	volume = {45},
	year = {2010},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {4163{\textendash}4173},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/index/G26346278216MJ23.pdf},
	author = {S. Abanades and A. Legal and A. Cordier and G. Peraudeau and G. Flamant and A. Julbe}
}
@article {902,
	title = {Kinetic Investigations of the Hydrogen Production Step of a Thermochemical Cycle Using Mixed Iron Oxides Coated on Ceramic Substrates},
	journal = {International Journal of Energy Research},
	volume = {34},
	year = {2010},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {651-661},
	issn = {0363907X, 1099114X},
	doi = {10.1002/er.1565},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/er.1565},
	author = {Martina Neises and Martin Roeb and Martin Schm{\"u}cker and Christian Sattler and Robert Pitz-Paal}
}
@article {903,
	title = {Solar hydrogen: fuel of the near future},
	journal = {Energy \& Environmental Science},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2010},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {279{\textendash}287},
	url = {http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2010/ee/b923793n},
	author = {M. Pagliaro and A. G. Konstandopoulos and R. Ciriminna and G. Palmisano}
}
@article {819,
	title = {A Spinel Ferrite/Hercynite Water-Splitting Redox Cycle},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {35},
	year = {2010},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {3333-3340},
	abstract = {Published in April 2010.},
	issn = {03603199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.01.140},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360319910002387},
	author = {Jonathan R. Scheffe and Jianhua Li and Alan W. Weimer}
}
@inbook {800,
	title = {Synthesis and characterization of ferrite materials for thermochemical CO2 splitting using concentrated solar energy},
	year = {2010},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1{\textendash}13},
	publisher = {American Chemical Society},
	organization = {American Chemical Society},
	author = {Andrea Ambrosini and Eric N Coker and Mark A Rodriguez and Stephanie Livers and Lindsey R Evans and James E Miller and Ellen B Stechel}
}
@article {818,
	title = {A thermochemical study of ceria: Exploiting an old material for new modes of energy conversion and CO<sub>2</sub> mitigation},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences},
	volume = {368},
	year = {2010},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {3269-3294},
	abstract = {Published on June 21st, 2010.},
	issn = {1364-503X, 1471-2962},
	doi = {10.1098/rsta.2010.0114},
	url = {http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/cgi/doi/10.1098/rsta.2010.0114},
	author = {W. C. Chueh and S. M. Haile}
}
@article {994,
	title = {Catalytic activity of supported metal particles for sulfuric acid decomposition reaction},
	journal = {Catalysis Today},
	volume = {139},
	year = {2009},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {291-298},
	abstract = {Published on January 30th, 2009.
Production of hydrogen by splitting of water in the thermochemical sulfur-based cycles that employs the catalytic decomposition of sulfuric acid into SO2 and O2 is of considerable interest. However, all of the known catalytic systems studied to date that consist of metal particles on oxide substrates deactivate with time on stream. To develop an understanding of the factors that are responsible for catalyst activity, we investigate the fresh activity of several platinum group metals (PGM) catalysts, including Pd, Pt, Rh, Ir, and Ru supported on titania at 850{\textdegree}C and perform an extensive theoretical study (density-functional-theory-based first-principles calculations and computer simulations) of the activity of the PGM nanoparticles of different size and shape positioned on TiO2 (rutile and anatase) and Al2O3 (γ- and η-alumina) surfaces. The activity and deactivation of the catalytic systems are defined by (i) the energy barrier for the detachment of O atoms from the SOn (n=1, 2, 3) species, and (ii) the removal rate of the products of the sulfuric acid decomposition (atomic O, S, and the SOn species) from metal nanoparticles. We show that these two nanoscale features collectively result in the observed experimental behavior. The removal rate of the reaction products is always lower than the SOn decomposition rates. The relation between these two rates explains why the {\textquotedblleft}softer{\textquotedblright} PGM nanoparticles (Pd and Pt) exhibit the highest initial catalytic activity.},
	issn = {0920-5861},
	doi = {10.1016/j.cattod.2008.03.029},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092058610800117X},
	author = {Sergey N. Rashkeev and Daniel M. Ginosar and Lucia M. Petkovic and Helen H. Farrell}
}
@article {812,
	title = {Ceria as a Thermochemical Reaction Medium for Selectively Generating Syngas or Methane from H<sub>2</sub>O and CO<sub>2</sub>},
	journal = {ChemSusChem},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2009},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {735-739},
	abstract = {Published on August 24th, 2009.},
	issn = {18645631, 1864564X},
	doi = {10.1002/cssc.200900138},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/cssc.200900138},
	author = {William C. Chueh and Sossina M. Haile}
}
@article {883,
	title = {Summary Report: Direct Approaches for Recycling  Carbon Dioxide into Synthetic Fuel},
	number = {SAND2009-0399},
	year = {2009},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	abstract = {The consumption of petroleum by the transportation sector in the United States is roughly
equivalent to petroleum imports into the country, which have totaled over 12 million
barrels a day every year since 2004. This reliance on foreign oil is a strategic
vulnerability for the economy and national security. Further, the effect of unmitigated
CO2 releases on the global climate is a growing concern both here and abroad.
Independence from problematic oil producers can be achieved to a great degree through
the utilization of non-conventional hydrocarbon resources such as coal, oil-shale and tarsands.
However, tapping into and converting these resources into liquid fuels exacerbates
green house gas (GHG) emissions as they are carbon rich, but hydrogen deficient.
Revolutionary thinking about energy and fuels must be adopted. We must recognize that
hydrocarbon fuels are ideal energy carriers, but not primary energy sources.
The energy stored in a chemical fuel is released for utilization by oxidation. In the case
of hydrogen fuel the chemical product is water; in the case of a hydrocarbon fuel, water
and carbon dioxide are produced. The hydrogen economy envisions a cycle in which H2O
is re-energized by splitting water into H2 and O2, by electrolysis for example. We
envision a hydrocarbon analogy in which both carbon dioxide and water are re-energized
through the application of a persistent energy source (e.g. solar or nuclear). This is of
course essentially what the process of photosynthesis accomplishes, albeit with a
relatively low sunlight-to-hydrocarbon efficiency. The goal of this project then was the
creation of a direct and efficient process for the solar or nuclear driven thermochemical
conversion of CO2 to CO (and O2), one of the basic building blocks of synthetic fuels.
This process would potentially provide the basis for an alternate hydrocarbon economy
that is carbon neutral, provides a pathway to energy independence, and is compatible
with much of the existing fuel infrastructure.},
	url = {http://www.osti.gov/scitech/servlets/purl/952162},
	author = {James E. Miller and Lindsey R. Evans and Nathan P. Siegel and Richard B. Diver and Fred Gelbard and Andrea Ambrosini and Mark D. Allendorf}
}
@article {831,
	title = {Innovative Solar Thermochemical Water Splitting},
	number = {SAND2008-0878},
	year = {2008},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	url = {http://energiaypesca.net/biblioteca/Biblio_2/Diver\%20Sandia.pdf},
	author = {Richard B. Diver and Nathan P. Siegel and Timothy A. Moss and James E. Miller and Lindsey Evans and Roy E. Hogan and Mark D. Allendorf and John N. Stuecker and Darryl L. James}
}
@article {882,
	title = {Screening Analysis of Solar Thermochemical Hydrogen Concepts},
	number = {SAND2008-1900},
	year = {2008},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	abstract = {A screening analysis was performed to identify concentrating solar power (CSP) concepts
that produce hydrogen with the highest efficiency. Several CSP concepts were identified that
have the potential to be much more efficient than today{\textquoteright}s low-temperature electrolysis
technology. They combine a central receiver or dish with either a thermochemical cycle or
high-temperature electrolyzer that operate at temperatures >600 oC. The solar-to-hydrogen
efficiencies of the best central receiver concepts exceed 20\%, significantly better than the
14\% value predicted for low-temperature electrolysis.},
	author = {Gregory J. Kolb and Richard B. Diver}
}
@article {891,
	title = {Solar thermochemical water-splitting ferrite-cycle heat engines},
	journal = {Journal of Solar Energy Engineering},
	volume = {130},
	year = {2008},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {041001(1)-041001(8)},
	issn = {01996231},
	doi = {10.1115/1.2969781},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/JSEEDO/v130/i4/p041001/s1\&Agg=doi},
	author = {Richard B. Diver and James E. Miller and Mark D. Allendorf and Nathan P. Siegel and Roy E. Hogan}
}
@article {996,
	title = {Catalyst evaluation for a sulfur dioxide-depolarized electrolyzer},
	journal = {Electrochemistry Communications},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2007},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2649-2653},
	abstract = {Published on November 1st, 2007.
Thermochemical processes are being developed to provide global-scale quantities of hydrogen. A variant on sulfur-based thermochemical cycles is the hybrid sulfur (HyS) process which uses a sulfur dioxide-depolarized electrolyzer (SDE) to produce the hydrogen. Testing examined the activity and stability of platinum and palladium as the electrocatalyst for the SDE in highly concentrated sulfuric acid solutions. Cyclic and linear sweep voltammetry revealed that platinum provided better catalytic activity with much lower potentials and higher currents than palladium. Testing also showed that the catalyst activity is strongly influenced by the concentration of the sulfuric acid electrolyte.},
	issn = {1388-2481},
	doi = {10.1016/j.elecom.2007.08.015},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1388248107003451},
	author = {H{\'e}ctor R. Col{\'o}n-Mercado and David T. Hobbs}
}
@conference {878,
	title = {Materials Development for the CR5 Solar Thermochemical Heat Engine},
	volume = {2006},
	year = {2006},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {311-320},
	publisher = {ASME},
	organization = {ASME},
	isbn = {0-7918-4745-4},
	doi = {10.1115/ISEC2006-99152},
	url = {http://proceedings.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/proceeding.aspx?articleid=1597678},
	author = {James E. Miller and Lindsey R. Evans and John N. Stuecker and Mark D. Allendorf and Nathan P. Siegel and Richard B. Diver}
}
@conference {877,
	title = {Thermodynamic Analysis of Mixed-Metal Ferrites for Hydrogen Production by Two-Step Water Splitting},
	volume = {2006},
	year = {2006},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {285-290},
	publisher = {ASME},
	organization = {ASME},
	isbn = {0-7918-4745-4},
	doi = {10.1115/ISEC2006-99114},
	url = {http://proceedings.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/proceeding.aspx?articleid=1597669},
	author = {Mark D. Allendorf and Richard B. Diver and James E. Miller and Nathan P. Siegel}
}
@article {867,
	title = {Direct solar reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to fuel: First prototype results},
	journal = {Industrial \& engineering chemistry research},
	volume = {41},
	year = {2002},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1935{\textendash}1939},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie010871x},
	author = {Ann J. Traynor and Reed J. Jensen}
}
@article {873,
	title = {Solar thermochemical process technology},
	journal = {Encyclopedia of physical science and technology},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2001},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {237{\textendash}256},
	url = {http://pre.ethz.ch/publications/0_pdf/books/Solar_Thermochemical_Process_Technology.pdf},
	author = {A. Steinfeld and R. Palumbo}
}
@article {872,
	title = {Hydrogen production from water utilizing solar heat at high temperatures},
	journal = {Solar Energy},
	volume = {19},
	year = {1977},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {467-475},
	issn = {0038092X},
	doi = {10.1016/0038-092X(77)90102-5},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0038092X77901025},
	author = {T. Nakamura}
}
@article {1134,
	title = {Assessing the Oxidative Stability of Anion Exchange Membranes in Oxygen Saturated Aqueous Alkaline Solutions},
	journal = {Frontiers in Energy Research},
	volume = {10},
	month = {2022},
	keywords = {anion exchange membrane, conductivity, electrolysis, protocol and guidelines, stability},
	doi = {10.3389/fenrg.2022.871851},
	author = {Arges, Christopher G. and Ramani, Vijay and Wang, Zhongyang and Ouimet, Ryan J.}
}
@article {755,
	title = {The crystal structure of compositionally homogeneous mixed ceria-zirconia oxides by high resolution X-ray and neutron diffraction methods},
	journal = {Open Chemistry},
	volume = {15},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {438-445},
	abstract = {The real/atomic structure of single phase homogeneous nanocrystalline Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 +/- delta oxides prepared by a modified Pechini route and Ni-loaded catalysts of methane dry reforming on their bases was studied by a combination of neutron diffraction, synchrotron X-ray diffraction, total X-ray scattering and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The effects of sintering temperature and pretreatment in H-2 were elucidated. The structure of the mixed oxides corresponds to a tetragonal space group indicating a homogeneous distribution of Ce and Zr cations in the lattice. A pronounced disordering of the oxygen sublattice was revealed by neutron diffraction, supposedly due to incorporation of water into the structure when in contact with air promoted by the generation of anion vacancies in the lattice after reduction or calcination at high temperatures. However, such disordering has not resulted in any occupation of the oxygen interstitial positions in the bulk of the nanodomains.},
	issn = {2391-5420},
	doi = {10.1515/chem-2017-0044},
	author = {Alexander N. Shmakov and Svetlana V. Cherepanova and Dmitrii A. Zyuzin and Yulia E. Fedorova and Ivan A. Bobrikov and Anne-Cecile Roger and Andrzej Adamski and Vladislav A. Sadykov}
}
@article {751,
	title = {Defect engineering by synchrotron radiation X-rays in CeO2 nanocrystals},
	journal = {Journal of Synchrotron Radiation},
	volume = {25},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1395-1399},
	abstract = {This work reports an unconventional defect engineering approach using synchrotron-radiation-based X-rays on ceria nanocrystal catalysts of particle sizes 4.4-10.6nm. The generation of a large number of oxygen-vacancy defects (OVDs), and therefore an effective reduction of cations, has been found in CeO2 catalytic materials bombarded by high-intensity synchrotron X-ray beams of beam size 1.5mmx0.5mm, photon energies of 5.5-7.8keV and photon fluxes up to 1.53x10(12) photons s(-1). The experimentally observed cation reduction was theoretically explained by a first-principles formation-energy calculation for oxygen vacancy defects. The results clearly indicate that OVD formation is mainly a result of X-ray-excited core holes that give rise to valence holes through electron down conversion in the material. Thermal annealing and subvalent Y-doping were also employed to modulate the efficiency of oxygen escape, providing extra control on the X-ray-induced OVD generating process. Both the core-hole-dominated bond breaking and oxygen escape mechanisms play pivotal roles for efficient OVD formation. This X-ray irradiation approach, as an alternative defect engineering method, can be applied to a wide variety of nanostructured materials for physical-property modification.},
	issn = {1600-5775},
	doi = {10.1107/S1600577518008184},
	author = {Tai-Sing Wu and Leng-You Syu and Shih-Chang Weng and Horng-Tay Jeng and Shih-Lin Chang and Yun-Liang Soo}
}
@article {864,
	title = {Demonstration of a solar reactor for carbon dioxide splitting via the isothermal ceria redox cycle and practical implications},
	journal = {Energy \& Fuels},
	volume = {30},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {6654-6661},
	issn = {0887-0624, 1520-5029},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01265},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01265},
	author = {Brandon J. Hathaway and Rohini Bala Chandran and Adam C. Gladen and Thomas R. Chase and Jane H. Davidson}
}
@article {782,
	title = {Density Functional Theory Modeling of Low-Loss Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy in Wurtzite III-Nitride Ternary Alloys},
	journal = {Microscopy and Microanalysis},
	volume = {22},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {706-716},
	issn = {1431-9276, 1435-8115},
	doi = {10.1017/S1431927616000106},
	url = {http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S1431927616000106},
	author = {Alberto Eljarrat and Xavier Sastre and Francesca Peir{\'o} and S{\'o}nia Estrad{\'e}}
}
@article {789,
	title = {Density Functional Theory Modeling of MnO <sub>2</sub> Polymorphs as Cathodes for Multivalent Ion Batteries},
	journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
	volume = {122},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {8788-8795},
	issn = {1932-7447, 1932-7455},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b00918},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b00918},
	author = {Taylor R. Juran and Joshua Young and Manuel Smeu}
}
@article {975,
	title = {Design of a pilot scale directly irradiated, high temperature, and low pressure moving particle cavity chamber for metal oxide reduction},
	journal = {Solar Energy},
	volume = {157},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {365-376},
	issn = {0038092X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.solener.2017.08.040},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038092X17307181},
	author = {Abhishek Singh and Justin Lapp and Johannes Grobbel and Stefan Brendelberger and Jan P. Reinhold and Lamark Olivera and Ivan Ermanoski and Nathan P. Siegel and Anthony McDaniel and Martin Roeb and Christian Sattler}
}
@article {854,
	title = {Design principles for metal oxide redox materials for solar-driven isothermal fuel production},
	journal = {Advanced Energy Materials},
	volume = {5},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1401082},
	issn = {16146832},
	doi = {10.1002/aenm.201401082},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/aenm.201401082},
	author = {Ronald Michalsky and Venkatesh Botu and Cory M. Hargus and Andrew A. Peterson and Aldo Steinfeld}
}
@article {853,
	title = {Design principles of perovskites for thermochemical oxygen separation},
	journal = {ChemSusChem},
	volume = {8},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1966-1971},
	issn = {18645631},
	doi = {10.1002/cssc.201500239},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/cssc.201500239},
	author = {Miriam Ezbiri and Kyle M. Allen and Maria E. G{\`a}lvez and Ronald Michalsky and Aldo Steinfeld}
}
@article {762,
	title = {Determination of the Mechanism for Resonant Scattering in LaMnO 3},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	volume = {96},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	issn = {0031-9007, 1079-7114},
	doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.246405},
	url = {https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.246405},
	author = {Q. Shen and I. S. Elfimov and P. Fanwick and Y. Tokura and T. Kimura and K. Finkelstein and R. Colella and G. A. Sawatzky}
}
@article {918,
	title = {Development and Assessment of Solar-Thermal-Activated Fuel Production. Phase 1, Summary.},
	number = {SAND2012-5658, 1055617},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	url = {http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1055617/},
	author = {James Edward Miller and Mark D. Allendorf and Andrea Ambrosini and Eric Nicholas Coker and Richard B., Jr. Diver and Ivan Ermanoski and Lindsey R. Evans and Roy E., Jr. Hogan and Anthony H. McDaniel}
}
@article {998,
	title = {Development and testing of a PEM SO2-depolarized electrolyzer and an operating method that prevents sulfur accumulation},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {40},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {13281-13294},
	abstract = {The hybrid sulfur (HyS) cycle is being developed as a technology to generate hydrogen by splitting water, using heat and electrical power from a nuclear or solar power plant. A key component is the SO2-depolarized electrolysis (SDE) cell, which reacts SO2 and water to form hydrogen and sulfuric acid. SDE could also be used in once-through operation to consume SO2 and generate hydrogen and sulfuric acid for sale. A proton exchange membrane (PEM) SDE cell based on a PEM fuel cell design was fabricated and tested. Measured cell potential as a function of anolyte pressure and flow rate, sulfuric acid concentration, and cell temperature are presented for this cell. Sulfur accumulation was observed inside the cell, which could have been a serious impediment to further development. A method to prevent sulfur formation was subsequently developed. This was made possible by a testing facility that allowed unattended operation for extended periods.},
	issn = {0360-3199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.08.041},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319915021370},
	author = {John L. Steimke and Timothy J. Steeper and H{\'e}ctor R. Col{\'o}n-Mercado and Maximilian B. Gorensek}
}
@article {803,
	title = {Development of the hybrid sulfur cycle for use with concentrated solar heat. I. Conceptual design},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {42},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {20939-20954},
	abstract = {A detailed conceptual design of a solar hybrid sulfur (HyS) cycle is proposed. Numerous design tradeoffs, including process operating conditions and strategies, methods of integration with solar energy sources, and solar design options were considered. A baseline design was selected, and process flowsheets were developed. Pinch analyses were performed to establish the limiting energy efficiency. Detailed material and energy balances were completed, and a full stream table prepared. Design assumptions include use of: location in the southwest US desert, falling particle concentrated solar receiver, indirect heat transfer via pressurized helium, continuous operation with thermal energy storage, liquid-fed electrolyzer with PBI membrane, and bayonet-type acid decomposer. Thermochemical cycle efficiency for the HyS process was estimated to be 35.0\%, LHV basis. The solar-to-hydrogen (STH) energy conversion ratio was 16.9\%. This exceeds the Year 2015 DOE STCH target of STH >10\%, and shows promise for meeting the Year 2020 target of 20\%.},
	issn = {0360-3199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.06.241},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319917327027},
	author = {Maximilian B. Gorensek and Claudio Corgnale and William A. Summers}
}
@article {966,
	title = {Doped calcium manganites for advanced high-temperature thermochemical energy storage: Doped calcium manganites for thermochemical energy storage},
	journal = {International Journal of Energy Research},
	volume = {40},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {280-284},
	issn = {0363907X},
	doi = {10.1002/er.3467},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/er.3467},
	author = {Sean M. Babiniec and Eric N. Coker and James E. Miller and Andrea Ambrosini}
}
@article {1020,
	title = {Durable Membrane Electrode Assemblies for Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer Systems Operating at High Current Densities},
	journal = {Electrochimica Acta},
	volume = {210},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {502-511},
	abstract = {High efficiencies, wide operation range and rapid response time have motivated the recent interest in proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis for hydrogen generation with surplus electricity. However, degradation at high current densities and the associated mechanism has not been thoroughly explored so far. In this work, membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) from different suppliers are aged in a commercial PEM electrolyzer (2.5Nm3H2h--1), operating up to 4Acm--2 for more than 750h. In all cases, the cell voltage (Ecell) decreases during the testing period. Interestingly, the cells with Ir-black anodes exhibit the highest performance with the lowest precious metal loading (1mgcm-2). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) shows a progressive decrease in the specific exchange current, while the ohmic resistance decreases when doubling the nominal current density. This effect translates into an enhancement of cell efficiency at high current densities. However, Ir concurrently leaches out and diffuses into the membrane. No decrease in membrane thickness is observed at the end of the tests. High current densities do not lead to lowering the performance of the PEM electrolyzer over time, although MEA components degrade, in particular the anode.},
	issn = {0013-4686},
	doi = {10.1016/j.electacta.2016.04.164},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013468616310167},
	author = {P. Lettenmeier and R. Wang and R. Abouatallah and S. Helmly and T. Morawietz and R. Hiesgen and S. Kolb and F. Burggraf and J. Kallo and A. S. Gago and K. A. Friedrich}
}
@article {775,
	title = {Effect of local coordination of Mn on Mn-L-2,L-3 edge electron energy loss spectrum},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS},
	volume = {114},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {054906},
	abstract = {The effects of the local coordination environment of Mn ions in perovskite manganese oxides on the Mn-L-2,L-3 edge electron energy loss (EEL) spectra was experimentally and theoretically investigated. The Mn-L-2,L-3 edge EEL spectra were observed for various perovskite manganese oxides, including YMnO3, LaMnO3, BaMnO3, SrMnO3, and CaMnO3, in which the Mn ions have different valence states and local coordination. The experiment revealed that the Mn L-3/L-2 ratio is influenced not only by the valence state but also by the local environment of the Mn ions. Furthermore, compared to the Mn-L-3/L-2 ratios of Mn3+ compounds, the Mn L-3/L-2 ratios of the Mn4+ compounds are found to be much more sensitive to local distortions. The ab-initio multiplet calculation of the Mn-L-2,L-3 edge EEL spectra revealed that the effects of local coordination on the spectral features are dependent on the local electronic structures of the Mn ions. These findings indicate that the valence state as well as the local environments of the Mn ions can be unraveled by combining experimental and theoretical investigations of Mn-L-2,L-3 edge EEL spectra. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.},
	issn = {0021-8979},
	doi = {10.1063/1.4817425},
	author = {S Nishida and S Kobayashi and A Kumamoto and H Ikeno and T Mizoguchi and I Tanaka and Y Ikuhara and T Yamamoto}
}
@article {965,
	title = {The Effect of Uranium Cations on the Redox Properties of CeO2 Within the Context of Hydrogen Production from Water},
	journal = {Topics in Catalysis},
	volume = {58},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {143-148},
	issn = {1022-5528, 1572-9028},
	doi = {10.1007/s11244-014-0353-x},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11244-014-0353-x},
	author = {Jessica Scaranto and Hicham Idriss}
}
@article {754,
	title = {Effects of the Incorporation of Sc2O3 into CeO2{\textendash}ZrO2 Solid Solution: Structural Characterization and in Situ XANES/TPR Study under H2 Atmosphere},
	journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
	volume = {120},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {24165-24175},
	abstract = {Nanostructured CeO2-rich samples cosubstituted with ZrO2 and Sc2O3 are studied. The effects of the combined additions of both oxides on structural, morphological, and, especially, redox properties of the substituted lattice are assessed. In situ near edge X-ray absorption (XANES) experiments with synchrotron light were performed to study oxygen exchange capacity in a reducing environment for these ternary oxides. Structural characterization revealed that up to 8 at. \% Sc was successfully incorporated into the CeO2{\textendash}ZrO2 lattice without phase segregation. Increased scandia solubility was achieved through a soft chemical route synthesis involving citrate complexation which gave rise to porous powders with crystallite sizes in the nanometer range. In situ XANES experiments in 5 mol \% H2/He atmosphere demonstrated that adding Sc3+ to the CeO2{\textendash}ZrO2 mixed oxide leads to a ternary system (Ce0.9ScxZr0.1{\textendash}xO2-δ) with faster reduction kinetics and enhanced reducibility in the whole temperature range analyzed (25{\textendash}800 {\textdegree}C) compared to both binary materials: Ce0.9Zr0.1O2 and Ce0.9Sc0.1O1.95.},
	issn = {1932-7447},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b07847},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b07847},
	author = {Luc{\'\i}a M. Toscani and Aldo F. Craievich and M{\'a}rcia C. A. Fantini and Diego G. Lamas and Susana A. Larrondo}
}
@article {955,
	title = {On the efficiency of solar H<sub>2</sub> and CO production via the thermochemical cerium oxide redox cycle: The option of inert-swept reduction},
	journal = {Energy \& Fuels},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {150206073859007},
	issn = {0887-0624, 1520-5029},
	doi = {10.1021/ef502601f},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ef502601f},
	author = {Peter T. Krenzke and Jane H. Davidson}
}
@article {900,
	title = {Efficiency of two-step solar thermochemical non-stoichiometric redox cycles with~heat recovery},
	journal = {Energy},
	volume = {37},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {591-600},
	issn = {03605442},
	doi = {10.1016/j.energy.2011.10.045},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360544211007122},
	author = {J. Lapp and J.H. Davidson and W. Lipi{\'n}ski}
}
@article {930,
	title = {Efficient generation of H<sub>2</sub> by splitting water with an isothermal redox cycle},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {341},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {540-542},
	issn = {0036-8075, 1095-9203},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1239454},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.1239454},
	author = {C. L. Muhich and B. W. Evanko and K. C. Weston and P. Lichty and X. Liang and J. Martinek and C. B. Musgrave and A. W. Weimer}
}
@article {905,
	title = {Efficient Solar-Driven Synthesis, Carbon Capture, and Desalinization, STEP: Solar Thermal Electrochemical Production of Fuels, Metals, Bleach},
	journal = {Advanced Materials},
	volume = {23},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {5592-5612},
	issn = {09359648},
	doi = {10.1002/adma.201103198},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/adma.201103198},
	author = {S. Licht}
}
@article {944,
	title = {Efficient Splitting of CO <sub>2</sub> in an Isothermal Redox Cycle Based on Ceria},
	journal = {Energy \& Fuels},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {140401120148005},
	issn = {0887-0624, 1520-5029},
	doi = {10.1021/ef402492e},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ef402492e},
	author = {Luke J. Venstrom and Robert M. De Smith and Yong Hao and Sossina M. Haile and Jane H. Davidson}
}
@article {1026,
	title = {Electrocatalysis in water electrolysis with solid polymer electrolyte},
	journal = {Electrochimica Acta},
	volume = {48},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {3945-3952},
	abstract = {Powders of IrO2 were used as anode catalysts in water electrolysis cells with solid polymer electrolyte (SPE). The catalyst was prepared by a pyrolysis process in a nitrate melt at 340{\textdegree}C and then annealed at different temperatures from 440 to 540{\textdegree}C. The catalyst materials were applied to an electrode membrane assembly (MEA) and studied in situ in an electrolysis cell using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and stationary current density{\textendash}potential relations. The impedance results clearly show that the non-annealed material possesses the highest electrocatalytic activity and that this activity deteriorates with increasing annealing temperature. The electrical conductivity, however, increases by increasing annealing temperature. Optimum annealing conditions were found at 490{\textdegree}C, where the total polarisation reaches a minimum in the high current density range (1{\textendash}2 A cm-2), at the actual conditions. Increased crystallinity and size of the particles with increasing annealing temperature was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A very high electrochemical performance was obtained in a water electrolysis cell using IrO2 on the anode side and Pt on Vulcan XC-72 on the cathode side, corresponding to a current density of 1 A cm-2 at 1.60 V.},
	issn = {0013-4686},
	doi = {10.1016/j.electacta.2003.04.001},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013468603005334},
	author = {Egil Rasten and Georg Hagen and Reidar Tunold}
}
@article {1025,
	title = {Electrochemical behaviour of titanium in H2SO4{\textendash}MnSO4 electrolytes},
	journal = {Electrochimica Acta},
	volume = {51},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {3338-3345},
	abstract = {The corrosion of titanium in H2SO4 electrolytes (0.001{\textendash}1.0M) at temperatures from ambient to 98{\textdegree}C has been investigated using steady-state polarization measurements. Four distinct regions of behaviour were identified, namely active corrosion, the active{\textendash}passive transition, passive region and the dielectric breakdown region. The active corrosion and active{\textendash}passive transition were characterized by anodic peak current (im) and voltage (Em), which in turn were found to vary with the experimental conditions, i.e., d(log⁡(im))/dpH=-0.8{\textpm}0.1 and dEm/dpH which was -71mV at 98{\textdegree}C, -58mV at 80{\textdegree}C and -28mV at 60{\textdegree}C. The activation energy for titanium corrosion, determined from temperature studies, was found to be 67.7kJmol-1 in 0.1M H2SO4 and 56.7kJmol-1 in 1.0M H2SO4. The dielectric breakdown voltage (Ed) of the passive TiO2 film was found to vary depending on how much TiO2 was present. The inclusion of Mn2+ into the H2SO4 electrolyte, as is done during the commercial electrodeposition of manganese dioxide, resulted in a decrease in titanium corrosion current, possibly due to Mn2+ adsorption limiting electrolyte access to the substrate.},
	issn = {0013-4686},
	doi = {10.1016/j.electacta.2005.09.031},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001346860501128X},
	author = {W. B. Utomo and S. W. Donne}
}
@article {1027,
	title = {Electrochemical Hydrogen Compression: Efficient Pressurization Concept Derived from an Energetic Evaluation},
	journal = {Journal of The Electrochemical Society},
	volume = {164},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {F1187-F1195},
	abstract = {Electrochemical hydrogen compression is a potentially high efficient, low-maintenance and silent technology to produce high pressure hydrogen. A new pressure concept with increased compression efficiency, termed intermediate differential pressure polymer electrolyte water electrolysis is proposed. With slightly pressurized oxygen and a much higher hydrogen pressure, this pressure concept profits from the advantages of the lower gas crossover of differential (only hydrogen compressed) pressure water electrolysis and the improved oxygen evolution reaction kinetics with increasing pressure of balanced pressure operation. Data for gas pressures up to 100 MPa is modeled, based on experimental results up to 5 MPa, of the three pressure concepts and validated with literature data up to 70 MPa. While differential pressure electrolyzer operation, following ideal isothermal compression, can be more efficient than today{\textquoteright}s best mechanical compressors up to 40 MPa, the intermediate pressure concept shows higher compression efficiency up to 90 MPa.},
	issn = {0013-4651, 1945-7111},
	doi = {10.1149/2.1361712jes},
	url = {http://jes.ecsdl.org/content/164/12/F1187},
	author = {Michel Suermann and Thomas Kiupel and Thomas J. Schmidt and Felix N. B{\"u}chi}
}
@article {1023,
	title = {Electrochemical investigation of electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction in PEM water electrolyzers},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {33},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {4955-4961},
	abstract = {To develop the proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) with satisfactory performance and durability for application in a regenerative fuel cell (RFC) system, anode electrocatalysts of Ir, Ru and their oxides were prepared and incorporated into the catalyst coated membranes (CCM) of the PEMWE. Repetitive cyclic voltammetry of the Nafion bonded electrodes, steady state polarization curves and stability testing of the single PEMWE cells were performed to investigate the performance and stability of these electrocatalysts. The structure and specific surface areas of the electrocatalysts were characterized by XRD and BET. IrO2 exhibited a slightly lower performance but a markedly higher stability than the other electrocatalysts. By modifying the preparation process via a colloidal iridium hydroxide hydrate precursor, which permitted a lower heat treatment temperature, its performance was enhanced, corresponding to a terminal voltage of 1.63V at 1A/cm2.},
	issn = {0360-3199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.06.039},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319908007520},
	author = {Shidong Song and Huamin Zhang and Xiaoping Ma and Zhigang Shao and Richard T. Baker and Baolian Yi}
}
@article {783,
	title = {Electron-energy-loss core-edge structures in manganese oxides},
	journal = {Physical Review B},
	volume = {48},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2102-2108},
	issn = {0163-1829, 1095-3795},
	doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.48.2102},
	url = {https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.48.2102},
	author = {Hiroki Kurata and Christian Colliex}
}
@article {765,
	title = {Electronic properties of crystalline materials observed in X-ray diffraction},
	journal = {Physics Reports},
	volume = {411},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {233-289},
	issn = {03701573},
	doi = {10.1016/j.physrep.2005.01.003},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0370157305000682},
	author = {S Lovesey and E Balcar and K Knight and J Fernandezrodriguez}
}
@article {845,
	title = {Energy and Climate Impacts of Producing Synthetic Hydrocarbon Fuels from CO <sub>2</sub>},
	journal = {Environmental Science \& Technology},
	volume = {48},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {7111-7121},
	issn = {0013-936X, 1520-5851},
	doi = {10.1021/es500191g},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es500191g},
	author = {Coen van der Giesen and Ren{\'e} Kleijn and Gert Jan Kramer}
}
@article {932,
	title = {Enhanced Oxidation Kinetics in Thermochemical Cycling of CeO <sub>2</sub> through Templated Porosity},
	journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
	volume = {117},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1692-1700},
	issn = {1932-7447, 1932-7455},
	doi = {10.1021/jp309247c},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp309247c},
	author = {Stephen G. Rudisill and Luke J. Venstrom and Nicholas D. Petkovich and Tingting Quan and Nicholas Hein and Daniel B. Boman and Jane H. Davidson and Andreas Stein}
}
@article {1016,
	title = {Evaluation of nitrided titanium separator plates for proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells},
	journal = {Journal of Power Sources},
	volume = {272},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {954-960},
	abstract = {Proton exchanges membrane (PEM) regenerative fuel cell electrolysis of water is of great recent interest as a hydrogen generation technology. Anode side titanium current collectors and separator plates used in these applications typically employ coatings of platinum group metals to achieve durability and performance requirements in the high voltage, oxidizing environment. The present work assessed the potential for lower cost surface modified titanium by both thermal (gas) nitridation and plasma nitridation approaches. The nitrided Ti was found to result in far less hydrogen uptake in coupon testing than did Pt-plated Ti. Short-term (48~h) single-cell performance at 25~{\textdegree}C was approximately 13\% better (lower voltage) at 1.2~A~cm-2 for thermal and plasma nitrided plates vs. untreated Ti. However, at 50~{\textdegree}C and 1.5~A~cm-2, the thermally nitrided plate exhibited only on the order of 3\% better behavior (lower voltage) compared to the untreated Ti and plasma nitrided Ti. Durability testing for 500~h resulted in only a minor degradation in cell performance, on the order of 1{\textendash}2\% voltage increase, with the best behavior exhibited by the thermally nitrided Ti plate. Despite their relatively stable cell performance, extensive local oxidation of the thermally nitrided and plasma nitrided flow field regions was observed.},
	issn = {0378-7753},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.09.016},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775314014220},
	author = {Todd J. Toops and Michael P. Brady and Feng-Yuan Zhang and Harry M. Meyer and Katherine Ayers and Andrew Roemer and Luke Dalton}
}
@article {997,
	title = {Evaluation of proton-conducting membranes for use in a sulfur dioxide depolarized electrolyzer},
	journal = {Journal of Power Sources},
	volume = {195},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2823-2829},
	abstract = {The chemical stability, sulfur dioxide transport, ionic conductivity, and electrolyzer performance have been measured for several commercially available and experimental proton exchange membranes (PEMs) for use in a sulfur dioxide depolarized electrolyzer (SDE). The SDEs function is to produce hydrogen by using the Hybrid Sulfur (HyS) Process, a sulfur-based electrochemical/thermochemical hybrid cycle. Membrane stability was evaluated using a screening process where each candidate PEM was heated at 80{\textdegree}C in 60wt\% H2SO4 for 24h. Following acid exposure, chemical stability for each membrane was evaluated by FTIR using the ATR sampling technique. Membrane SO2 transport was evaluated using a two-chamber permeation cell. SO2 was introduced into one chamber whereupon SO2 transported across the membrane into the other chamber and oxidized to H2SO4 at an anode positioned immediately adjacent to the membrane. The resulting current was used to determine the SO2 flux and SO2 transport. Additionally, membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) were prepared from candidate membranes to evaluate ionic conductivity and selectivity (ionic conductivity vs. SO2 transport) which can serve as a tool for selecting membranes. MEAs were also performance tested in a HyS electrolyzer measuring current density vs. a constant cell voltage (1V, 80{\textdegree}C in SO2 saturated 30wt\% H2SO4). Finally, candidate membranes were evaluated considering all measured parameters including SO2 flux, SO2 transport, ionic conductivity, HyS electrolyzer performance, and membrane stability. Candidate membranes included both PFSA and non-PFSA polymers and polymer blends of which the non-PFSA polymers, BPVE-6F and PBI, showed the best selectivity.},
	issn = {0378-7753},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.11.031},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775309020394},
	author = {Mark C. Elvington and Hector Colon-Mercado and Steve McCatty and Simon G. Stone and David T. Hobbs}
}
@article {977,
	title = {Experimental assessment of oxygen exchange capacity and thermochemical redox cycle behavior of Ba and Sr series perovskites for solar energy storage},
	journal = {Solar Energy},
	volume = {134},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {494-502},
	issn = {0038092X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.solener.2016.05.031},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038092X16301268},
	author = {Zekai Zhang and Laurie Andre and St{\'e}phane Abanades}
}
@article {971,
	title = {Experimental demonstration of the thermochemical reduction of ceria in a solar aerosol reactor},
	journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research},
	volume = {55},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {10618-10625},
	issn = {0888-5885, 1520-5045},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.iecr.6b02853},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.iecr.6b02853},
	author = {Michael Welte and Rafik Barhoumi and Adrian Zbinden and Jonathan R. Scheffe and Aldo Steinfeld}
}
@article {840,
	title = {Experimental study of SnO <sub>2</sub> /SnO/Sn thermochemical systems for solar production of hydrogen},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	volume = {54},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2759-2767},
	issn = {00011541, 15475905},
	doi = {10.1002/aic.11584},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/aic.11584},
	author = {Patrice Charvin and St{\'e}phane Abanades and Florent Lemont and Gilles Flamant}
}
@article {1017,
	title = {Experimental study on porous current collectors of PEM electrolyzers},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {37},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {7418-7428},
	abstract = {Experimental study on proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer was carried out focusing on the effect of pore structural properties of current collectors, such as porosity and pore diameter. Various titanium (Ti)-felt substrates with different porosities and pore diameters (measured by capillary flow porometry) were used as the anode current collector. Results show that when the mean pore diameter of the current collector was larger than 10μm, the electrolysis performance improved with decreasing pore diameter. In contrast, changes in porosity had no significant effect on the cell performance when the porosity exceeded 0.50. The flow pattern of two-phase flow in the flow channel was discussed in terms of its relationship to bubble size and to pore diameter of the current collector. Finally, correlation between the calculated membrane resistance and the measured pore diameter of the current collectors suggest that larger bubbles generated from larger pores tend to become long bubbles in the channel, thus hindering the water supply to the membrane.},
	issn = {0360-3199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.01.095},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319912001917},
	author = {Hiroshi Ito and Tetsuhiko Maeda and Akihiro Nakano and Chul Min Hwang and Masayoshi Ishida and Atsushi Kato and Tetsuya Yoshida}
}
@article {986,
	title = {Exploring the Redox Behavior of La0.6Sr0.4Mn1-xAlxO3 Perovskites for CO2-Splitting in Thermochemical Cycles},
	journal = {Topics in Catalysis},
	volume = {60},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1108-1118},
	issn = {1022-5528, 1572-9028},
	doi = {10.1007/s11244-017-0790-4},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11244-017-0790-4},
	author = {Daniel Sastre and Alfonso J. Carrillo and David P. Serrano and Patricia Pizarro and Juan M. Coronado}
}
@article {964,
	title = {Extracting kinetic information from complex gas{\textendash}solid reaction data},
	journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research},
	volume = {54},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {4113-4122},
	issn = {0888-5885, 1520-5045},
	doi = {10.1021/ie503894f},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie503894f},
	author = {Christopher L. Muhich and Kayla C. Weston and Darwin Arifin and Anthony H. McDaniel and Charles B. Musgrave and Alan W. Weimer}
}
@article {767,
	title = {Fabrication and testing of CONTISOL: A new receiver-reactor for day and night solar thermochemistry},
	journal = {Applied Thermal Engineering},
	volume = {127},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {46-57},
	issn = {13594311},
	doi = {10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.08.001},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1359431116328502},
	author = {Justin L. Lapp and Matthias Lange and Ren{\'e} Rieping and Lamark de Oliveira and Martin Roeb and Christian Sattler}
}
@article {935,
	title = {Factors affecting the efficiency of solar driven metal oxide thermochemical cycles},
	journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research},
	volume = {52},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {3276-3286},
	issn = {0888-5885, 1520-5045},
	doi = {10.1021/ie400193q},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie400193q},
	author = {Nathan P. Siegel and James E. Miller and Ivan Ermanoski and Richard B. Diver and Ellen B. Stechel}
}
@article {1015,
	title = {Failure of PEM water electrolysis cells: Case study involving anode dissolution and membrane thinning},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {39},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {20440-20446},
	abstract = {Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolysis is an efficient and environmental friendly method that can be used for the production of molecular hydrogen of electrolytic grade using zero-carbon power sources such as renewable and nuclear. However, market applications are asking for cost reduction and performances improvement. This can be achieved by increasing operating current density and lifetime of operation. Concerning performance, safety, reliability and durability issues, the membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) is the weakest cell component. Most performance losses and most accidents occurring during PEM water electrolysis are usually due to the MEA. The purpose of this communication is to report on some specific degradation mechanisms that have been identified as a potential source of performance loss and membrane failure. An accelerated degradation test has been performed on a MEA by applying galvanostatic pulses. Platinum has been used as electrocatalyst at both anode and cathode in order to accelerate degradation rate by maintaining higher cell voltage and higher anodic potential that otherwise would have occurred if conventional Ir/IrOx catalysts had been used. Experimental evidence of degradation mechanisms have been obtained by post-mortem analysis of the MEA using microscopy and chemical analysis. Details of these degradation processes are presented and discussed.},
	issn = {0360-3199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.05.043},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319914013913},
	author = {S. A. Grigoriev and K. A. Dzhus and D. G. Bessarabov and P. Millet}
}
@article {893,
	title = {First-principles thermodynamic framework for the evaluation of thermochemical H<sub>2</sub>O- or CO<sub>2</sub>-splitting materials},
	journal = {Physical Review B},
	volume = {80},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	issn = {1098-0121, 1550-235X},
	doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.80.245119},
	url = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.80.245119},
	author = {B. Meredig and C. Wolverton}
}
@article {866,
	title = {Generation of H2 and CO by solar thermochemical splitting of H2O and CO2 by employing metal oxides},
	journal = {Journal of Solid State Chemistry},
	volume = {242},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {107-115},
	issn = {00224596},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jssc.2015.12.018},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0022459615302851},
	author = {C.N.R. Rao and Sunita Dey}
}
@article {984,
	title = {Giant onsite electronic entropy enhances the performance of ceria for water splitting},
	journal = {Nature Communications},
	volume = {8},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	issn = {2041-1723},
	doi = {10.1038/s41467-017-00381-2},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-017-00381-2},
	author = {S. Shahab Naghavi and Antoine A. Emery and Heine A. Hansen and Fei Zhou and Vidvuds Ozolins and Chris Wolverton}
}
@article {974,
	title = {H 2 O splitting via a two-step solar thermoelectrolytic cycle based on non-stoichiometric ceria redox reactions: Thermodynamic analysis},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {42},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {18785-18793},
	issn = {03603199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.06.098},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360319917324114},
	author = {Garrett L. Schieber and Ellen B. Stechel and Andrea Ambrosini and James E. Miller and Peter G. Loutzenhiser}
}
@article {839,
	title = {Heat Transfer Analysis of a Solid-Solid Heat Recuperation System for Solar-Driven Nonstoichiometric Redox Cycles},
	journal = {Journal of Solar Energy Engineering},
	volume = {135},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {031004},
	issn = {0199-6231},
	doi = {10.1115/1.4023357},
	url = {http://solarenergyengineering.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx?doi=10.1115/1.4023357},
	author = {Justin Lapp and Jane H. Davidson and Wojciech Lipi{\'n}ski}
}
@article {1039,
	title = {High Temperature Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production from Nuclear Energy {\textendash} TechnologySummary},
	number = {INL/EXT-09-16140},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	abstract = {The U.S. Department of Energy{\textquoteright}s Office of Scientific and Technical Information},
	url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/978368-high-temperature-electrolysis-hydrogen-production-from-nuclear-energy-technologysummary},
	author = {J. E. O{\textquoteright}Brien and C. M. Stoots and J. S. Herring and M. G. McKellar and E. A. Harvego and M. S. Sohal and K. G. Condie}
}
@article {970,
	title = {High temperature hydrogen production: Design of a 750kW demonstration plant for a two-step thermochemical cycle},
	journal = {Solar Energy},
	volume = {135},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {232-241},
	issn = {0038092X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.solener.2016.05.059},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038092X16301773},
	author = {J.-P. S{\"a}ck and S. Breuer and P. Cotelli and A. Houaijia and M. Lange and M. Wullenkord and C. Spenke and M. Roeb and Chr. Sattler}
}
@article {746,
	title = {High Temperature Structural Study of Gd-Doped Ceria by Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction (673 K <= T <= 1073 K)},
	journal = {Inorganic Chemistry},
	volume = {53},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {10140-10149},
	abstract = {The crystallographic features of Gd-doped ceria were investigated at the operating temperature of solid oxides fuel cells, where these materials are used as solid electrolytes. (Ce1{\textendash}xGdx)O2-x/2 samples (x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7) were prepared by coprecipitation of mixed oxalates, treated at 1473 K in air, and analyzed by synchrotron X-ray diffraction in the temperature range 673 K <= T <= 1073 K at the Elettra synchrotron radiation facility located in Trieste, Italy. In the whole temperature span a boundary was found at x \~{} 0.2 between a CeO2-based solid solution (for x <= 0.2) and a structure where Gd2O3 microdomains grow within the CeO2 matrix, taking advantage of the similarity between Gd3+ and Ce4+ sizes; the existence of the boundary at x \~{} 0.2 was confirmed also by measurements of ionic conductivity performed by impedance spectroscopy. Similar to what observed at room temperature, the trend of the cell parameter shows the presence of a maximum; with increasing temperature, the composition corresponding to the maximum moves toward lower Gd content. This evidence can be explained by analyzing the behavior of the coefficient of thermal expansion as a function of composition.},
	issn = {0020-1669},
	doi = {10.1021/ic5011242},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/ic5011242},
	author = {Cristina Artini and Marcella Pani and Andrea Lausi and Roberto Masini and Giorgio A. Costa}
}
@article {1019,
	title = {High-durability titanium bipolar plate modified by electrochemical deposition of platinum for unitized regenerative fuel cell (URFC)},
	journal = {Journal of Power Sources},
	volume = {195},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1950-1956},
	abstract = {The electrochemical deposition of platinum on a titanium bipolar plate (Pt/Ti) was studied for applications in a unitized regenerative fuel cell (URFC). Platinum deposition on the titanium plate was carried out in the platinum precursor solution (1.8gdm-3) at constant acidity (pH 1.0) and temperature (90{\textdegree}C). The pre-treatment of the titanium plate and the applied deposition current density were optimized to obtain uniform deposition of platinum on the titanium plate. New bipolar plates were prepared using the optimized deposition process and were used in a URFC. Electrochemical deposition of platinum on the titanium plate can effectively prohibit the formation of a passive oxide layer and corrosion on the surface of the bipolar plate, leading to lower resistance and better performance. In addition, the stability of URFC performance after the operation of the cell at 2.0V for 1h was significantly improved by the platinum deposition on the titanium bipolar plate. This improvement was mainly due to reduced corrosion on the surface of the bipolar plate.},
	issn = {0378-7753},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.10.002},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775309017352},
	author = {Ho-Young Jung and Sheng-Yang Huang and Branko N. Popov}
}
@article {887,
	title = {High-flux solar-driven thermochemical dissociation of CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O using nonstoichiometric ceria},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {330},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1797-1801},
	issn = {0036-8075, 1095-9203},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1197834},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.1197834},
	author = {W. C. Chueh and C. Falter and M. Abbott and D. Scipio and P. Furler and S. M. Haile and A. Steinfeld}
}
@article {769,
	title = {High-Resolution X-ray Emission and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy},
	journal = {Chemical Reviews},
	volume = {101},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1779-1808},
	issn = {0009-2665},
	doi = {10.1021/cr9900681},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/cr9900681},
	author = {Frank de Groot}
}
@article {995,
	title = {High-temperature sulfuric acid decomposition over complex metal oxide catalysts},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {34},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {4065-4073},
	abstract = {Activity and stability of FeTiO3, MnTiO3, NiFe2O4, CuFe2O4, NiCr2O4, 2CuO{\textperiodcentered}Cr2O3, CuO and Fe2O3 for the atmospheric decomposition of concentrated sulfuric acid in sulfur-based thermochemical water splitting cycles are presented. Catalyst activity was determined at temperatures from 725 to 900{\textdegree}C. Catalytic stability was examined at 850{\textdegree}C for up to 1 week of continuous operation. The results were compared to a 1.0wt\% Pt/TiO2 catalyst. Surface area by nitrogen physisorption, X-ray diffraction analyses, and temperature programmed desorption and oxidation were used to characterize fresh and spent catalyst samples. Over the temperature range, the catalyst activity of the complex oxides followed the general trend: 2CuO{\textperiodcentered}Cr2O3>CuFe2O4>NiCr2O4≈NiFe2O4>MnTiO3≈FeTiO3. At temperatures less than 800{\textdegree}C, the 1.0wt\% Pt/TiO2 catalyst had higher activity than the complex oxides, but at temperatures above 850{\textdegree}C, the 2CuO{\textperiodcentered}Cr2O3 and CuFe2O4 samples had the highest activity. Surface area was found to decrease for all of the metal oxides after exposure to reaction conditions. In addition, the two complex metal oxides that contained chromium were not stable in the reaction environment; both leached chromium into the acid stream and decomposed into their individual oxides. The FeTiO3 sample also produced a discoloration of the reactor due to minor leaching and converted to Fe2TiO5. Fe2O3, MnTiO3 and NiFe2O4 were relatively stable in the reaction environment. In addition, CuFe2O4 catalyst appeared relatively promising due to its high activity and lack of any leaching issues; however it deactivated in week-long stability experiments. Complex metal oxides may provide an attractive alternative to platinum-based catalyst for the decomposition of sulfuric acid; however, the materials examined in this study all displayed shortcomings including material sintering, phase changes, low activity at moderated temperatures due to sulfate formation, and decomposition to their individual oxides. More effort is needed in this area to discover metal oxide materials that are less expensive, more active and more stable than platinum catalysts.},
	issn = {0360-3199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.09.064},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319908013062},
	author = {Daniel M. Ginosar and Harry W. Rollins and Lucia M. Petkovic and Kyle C. Burch and Michael J. Rush}
}
@article {969,
	title = {High-throughput computational screening of perovskites for thermochemical water splitting applications},
	journal = {Chemistry of Materials},
	volume = {28},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {5621-5634},
	abstract = {*The authors use high throughput DFT to screen all possible simple, binary ABO<sub>3</sub> perovskite formulations for gas-splitting favorability. It is the first demonstration of DFT applied to STC materials in this manner and points to the potential future impacts of computational chemistry in this field.},
	issn = {0897-4756, 1520-5002},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b01182},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b01182},
	author = {Antoine A. Emery and James E. Saal and Scott Kirklin and Vinay I. Hegde and Chris Wolverton}
}
@article {943,
	title = {Hydrogen production by water splitting on manganese ferrite-sodium carbonate mixture: Feasibility tests in a packed bed solar reactor-receiver},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {39},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {20920-20929},
	issn = {03603199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.10.105},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360319914029450},
	author = {Francesca Varsano and Maria Anna Murmura and Bruno Brunetti and Franco Padella and Aurelio La Barbera and Carlo Alvani and Maria Cristina Annesini}
}
@article {1036,
	title = {Hydrogen Production From Water Electrolysis: Current Status and Future Trends},
	journal = {Proceedings of the IEEE},
	volume = {100},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {410-426},
	abstract = {This paper reviews water electrolysis technologies for hydrogen production and also surveys the state of the art of water electrolysis integration with renewable energies. First, attention is paid to the thermodynamic and electrochemical processes to better understand how electrolysis cells work and how they can be combined to build big electrolysis modules. The electrolysis process and the characteristics, advantages, drawbacks, and challenges of the three main existing electrolysis technologies, namely alkaline, polymer electrolyte membrane, and solid oxide electrolyte, are then discussed. Current manufacturers and the main features of commercially available electrolyzers are extensively reviewed. Finally, the possible configurations allowing the integration of water electrolysis units with renewable energy sources in both autonomous and grid-connected systems are presented and some relevant demonstration projects are commented.},
	issn = {0018-9219},
	doi = {10.1109/JPROC.2011.2156750},
	author = {A. Ursua and L. M. Gandia and P. Sanchis}
}
@article {753,
	title = {In situ high-temperature powder diffraction studies of solid oxide electrolyte direct carbon fuel cell materials in the presence of brown coal},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Science},
	volume = {51},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {3928-3940},
	abstract = {Direct carbon fuel cells are an attractive alternative for conventional power generation; however, there is almost no information on the stability of conventional fuel cell materials in direct carbon fuel cell environments, in particular when exposed to realistic fuels and the contaminants contained within these fuels. Similarly, there is little information on the structure and phase assemblage of solid fuels exposed to typical environments found in direct carbon fuel cells. In this paper, we use in situ high-resolution synchrotron powder diffraction on conventional high-temperature fuel cell materials and untreated brown coal to assess the stability and reactivity of these materials at various temperatures up to 850 {\textdegree}C. Materials investigated include nickel metal (Ni), gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC) and yttria-stabilised zirconia (YSZ). The phase stability, crystallite size, lattice parameters and associated linear coefficient of thermal expansion were determined. The phase stability of all fuel cell materials was found to be good with no additional phase formation noted either during heating or after prolonged periods at temperature. An increase in the crystallite size was observed for both GDC and Ni. Non-linear thermal expansion observed in these materials was related to partial reduction of cerium ions (GDC) and due to a Curie point transition (Ni). A wide range of mineral phases were observed in the coal samples and these phases were found to change significantly with temperature. Mineral phases consistent with the ash composition and existing literature on Victorian brown coal were assigned to phases observed.},
	issn = {1573-4803},
	doi = {10.1007/s10853-015-9712-7},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-015-9712-7},
	author = {Adam C. Rady and C. Munnings and Sarbjit Giddey and Sukhvinder P. S. Badwal and Sankar Bhattacharya and Aniruddha Kulkarni}
}
@article {758,
	title = {Incommensurate Sinusoidal Oxygen Modulations in Layered Manganites La 1 - x Sr 1 + x MnO 4 ( x >= 0.5 )},
	journal = {Physical Review Letters},
	volume = {109},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	issn = {0031-9007, 1079-7114},
	doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.107202},
	url = {https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.107202},
	author = {Joaqu{\'\i}n Garc{\'\i}a and Javier Herrero-Mart{\'\i}n and Gloria Sub{\'\i}as and Javier Blasco and J. S. Andreu and M. Concepci{\'o}n S{\'a}nchez}
}
@article {847,
	title = {Intrinsic material properties dictating oxygen vacancy formation energetics in metal oxides},
	journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters},
	volume = {6},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1948-1953},
	abstract = {*The authors use first-principles calculations to explore the relationship between the energy required to form an oxygen vacancy and intrinsic bulk material properties. They derive a simple model that predicts vacancy formation energy at substantially reduced computational cost which may facilitate high throughput computational screening of STC materials.},
	issn = {1948-7185},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00710},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00710},
	author = {Ann M. Deml and Aaron M. Holder and Ryan P. O{\textquoteright}Hayre and Charles B. Musgrave and Vladan Stevanovi{\'c}}
}
@article {855,
	title = {Investigation of long term reactive stability of ceria for use in solar thermochemical cycles},
	journal = {Energy},
	volume = {89},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {924-931},
	issn = {03605442},
	doi = {10.1016/j.energy.2015.06.041},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360544215007975},
	author = {Nathan R. Rhodes and Michael M. Bobek and Kyle M. Allen and David W. Hahn}
}
@article {748,
	title = {Investigation of oxygen vacancies in CeO2/Pt system with synchrotron light techniques},
	journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series},
	volume = {712},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {012064},
	issn = {1742-6596},
	doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/712/1/012064},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1088\%2F1742-6596\%2F712\%2F1\%2F012064},
	author = {L. Braglia and A. L. Bugaev and K. A. Lomachenko and A. V. Soldatov and C. Lamberti and A. A. Guda}
}
@article {843,
	title = {Investigation of perovskite structures as oxygen-exchange redox materials for hydrogen production from thermochemical two-step water-splitting cycles},
	journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
	volume = {118},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {12682-12692},
	issn = {1932-7447, 1932-7455},
	doi = {10.1021/jp5034849},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp5034849},
	author = {Antoine Demont and St{\'e}phane Abanades and Eric Beche}
}
@article {1014,
	title = {Investigations on degradation of the long-term proton exchange membrane water electrolysis stack},
	journal = {Journal of Power Sources},
	volume = {267},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {515-520},
	abstract = {A 9-cell proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis stack is developed and tested for 7800~h. The average degradation rate of 35.5~μV~h-1 per cell is measured. The 4th MEA of the stack is offline investigated and characterized. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) shows that the charge transfer resistance and ionic resistance of the cell both increase. The linear sweep scan (LSV) shows the hydrogen crossover rate of the membrane has slight increase. The electron probe X-ray microanalyze (EPMA) illustrates further that Ca, Cu and Fe elements distribute in the membrane and catalyst layers of the catalyst-coated membranes (CCMs). The cations occupy the ion exchange sites of the Nafion polymer electrolyte in the catalyst layers and membrane, which results in the increase in the anode and the cathode overpotentials. The metallic impurities originate mainly from the feed water and the components of the electrolysis unit. Fortunately, the degradation was reversible and can be almost recovered to the initial performance by using 0.5~M H2SO4. This indicates the performance degradation of the stack running 7800~h is mainly caused by a recoverable contamination.},
	issn = {0378-7753},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.05.117},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775314008106},
	author = {Shucheng Sun and Zhigang Shao and Hongmei Yu and Guangfu Li and Baolian Yi}
}
@article {889,
	title = {Isothermal reduction kinetics of nickel oxide using hydrogen: Conventional and Weibull kinetic analysis},
	journal = {Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids},
	volume = {68},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2233-2246},
	issn = {00223697},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jpcs.2007.06.014},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0022369707002922},
	author = {B. Jankovi{\'c}}
}
@article {926,
	title = {Isothermal Water Splitting},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {341},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {470-471},
	issn = {0036-8075, 1095-9203},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1241311},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.1241311},
	author = {M. Roeb and C. Sattler}
}
@article {850,
	title = {Kinetics and thermodynamics of H<sub>2</sub>O dissociation on reduced CeO<sub>2</sub>(111)},
	journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
	volume = {118},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {27402-27414},
	issn = {1932-7447, 1932-7455},
	doi = {10.1021/jp508666c},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp508666c},
	author = {Heine A. Hansen and Christopher Wolverton}
}
@article {945,
	title = {Kinetics of CO<sub>2</sub> reduction over nonstoichiometric ceria},
	journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
	volume = {119},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {16452-16461},
	issn = {1932-7447, 1932-7455},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b03464},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b03464},
	author = {Simon Ackermann and Laurent Sauvin and Roberto Castiglioni and Jennifer L. M. Rupp and Jonathan R. Scheffe and Aldo Steinfeld}
}
@article {934,
	title = {Lanthanum{\textendash}strontium{\textendash}manganese perovskites as redox materials for solar thermochemical splitting of H<sub>2</sub>O and CO<sub>2</sub>},
	journal = {Energy \& Fuels},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {130304073847002},
	issn = {0887-0624, 1520-5029},
	doi = {10.1021/ef301923h},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ef301923h},
	author = {Jonathan R. Scheffe and David Weibel and Aldo Steinfeld}
}
@article {1022,
	title = {Long-time anodisation of titanium in sulphuric acid},
	journal = {Surface and Coatings Technology},
	volume = {202},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1379-1384},
	abstract = {The long-time behaviour of CP titanium in 1~M H2SO4 has been investigated. The authors revealed electrochemical behaviour during the long-time chrono-amperometric experiments. The ex-situ observations (EIS, ellipsometry, SEM and optical microscopy) brought out information concerning morphological changes of the surface as well as the change in the oxide thickness during the anodic oxidation process. From the obtained data, the authors developed a hypothesis describing the potentiostatic anodisation of titanium at voltages (up to 15~V) in 1~M H2SO4 with respect to time of anodisation.},
	issn = {0257-8972},
	doi = {10.1016/j.surfcoat.2007.06.027},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0257897207006676},
	author = {D. Capek and M. -P. Gigandet and M. Masmoudi and M. Wery and O. Banakh}
}
@article {1010,
	title = {Low-Cost and Durable Bipolar Plates for Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzers},
	journal = {Scientific Reports},
	volume = {7},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {44035},
	abstract = {Cost reduction and high efficiency are the mayor challenges for sustainable H2 production via proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis. Titanium-based components such as bipolar plates (BPP) have the largest contribution to the capital cost. This work proposes the use of stainless steel BPPs coated with Nb and Ti by magnetron sputtering physical vapor deposition (PVD) and vacuum plasma spraying (VPS), respectively. The physical properties of the coatings are thoroughly characterized by scanning electron, atomic force microscopies (SEM, AFM); and X-ray diffraction, photoelectron spectroscopies (XRD, XPS). The Ti coating (50 μm) protects the stainless steel substrate against corrosion, while a 50-fold thinner layer of Nb decreases the contact resistance by almost one order of magnitude. The Nb/Ti-coated stainless steel bipolar BPPs endure the harsh environment of the anode for more than 1000 h of operation under nominal conditions, showing a potential use in PEM electrolyzers for large-scale H2 production from renewables.},
	issn = {2045-2322},
	doi = {10.1038/srep44035},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/srep44035},
	author = {P. Lettenmeier and R. Wang and R. Abouatallah and B. Saruhan and O. Freitag and P. Gazdzicki and T. Morawietz and R. Hiesgen and A. S. Gago and K. A. Friedrich}
}
@article {958,
	title = {Low-temperature reducibility of M<sub><i>x</i></sub>Ce<sub>1{\textendash}<i>x</i></sub>O<sub>2</sub>(M = Zr, Hf) under hydrogen atmosphere},
	journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
	volume = {120},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {118-125},
	issn = {1932-7447, 1932-7455},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b10796},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b10796},
	author = {Alexander Bonk and Arndt Remhof and Annika C. Maier and Matthias Trottmann and Meike V. F. Schlupp and Corsin Battaglia and Ulrich F. Vogt}
}
@article {792,
	title = {Magnetic and electrical properties of quadruple perovskites with 12 layer structures Ba4LnM3O12 (Ln=rare earths; M=Ru, Ir): The role of metal{\textendash}metal bonding in perovskite-related oxides},
	journal = {Journal of Solid State Chemistry},
	volume = {183},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1962-1969},
	issn = {00224596},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jssc.2010.06.023},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0022459610002744},
	author = {Yuki Shimoda and Yoshihiro Doi and Makoto Wakeshima and Yukio Hinatsu}
}
@article {931,
	title = {Material Analysis of Coated Siliconized Silicon Carbide (SiSiC) Honeycomb Structures for Thermochemical Hydrogen Production},
	journal = {Materials},
	volume = {6},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {421-436},
	issn = {1996-1944},
	doi = {10.3390/ma6020421},
	url = {http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/6/2/421/},
	author = {Martina Neises-von Puttkamer and Heike Simon and Martin Schm{\"u}cker and Martin Roeb and Christian Sattler and Robert Pitz-Paal}
}
@article {1009,
	title = {Materials for Proton Exchange Membrane water electrolyzer bipolar plates},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {42},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2713-2723},
	abstract = {Titanium based BiPolar Plates (BPPs) are commonly used in Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers (PEMWEs) today as they can withstand the harsh operating conditions experienced inside an operating PEM water electrolyzer. In particular, the high anode potential and acidic nature of the PEM is crucial for BPP performance. In this work we expand the investigation of non-coated materials at relevant operating conditions to include molybdenum, 254 SMO, tungsten, AISI 316L, AISI 304L, Inconel 625, niobium and tantalum, in addition to Titanium gr. 2. Pre-designed potentiostatic and potentiodynamic tests at potentials up to 2.0 VSHE were performed in addition to Interfacial Contact Resistance (ICR) and weight loss measurements. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) imaging was conducted to observe morphology changes during the electrochemical tests. Titanium, tantalum and niobium experienced little or no weight change during potentiostatic polarization, while for AISI 304L, AISI 316L and tungsten the measured weight loss was much lower than the weight loss calculated from currents produced. When the potentiostatic test was prolonged for titanium, the ICR was found to increase with time. Auger Electron Spectroscopy measurements confirmed that the increase in ICR for titanium, tantalum and niobium is related to an increased thickness of surface oxides.},
	issn = {0360-3199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.11.106},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319916307613},
	author = {Sigrid L{\ae}dre and Ole Edvard Kongstein and Anders Oedegaard and H{\r a}vard Karoliussen and Frode Seland}
}
@article {912,
	title = {Materials-Related Aspects of Thermochemical Water and Carbon Dioxide Splitting: A Review},
	journal = {Materials},
	volume = {5},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2015-2054},
	issn = {1996-1944},
	doi = {10.3390/ma5112015},
	url = {http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/5/11/2015/},
	author = {Martin Roeb and Martina Neises and Nathalie Monnerie and Friedemann Call and Heike Simon and Christian Sattler and Martin Schm{\"u}cker and Robert Pitz-Paal}
}
@article {848,
	title = {Maximizing efficiency in two-step solar-thermochemical fuel production},
	journal = {Energy Procedia},
	volume = {69},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1731-1740},
	issn = {18766102},
	doi = {10.1016/j.egypro.2015.03.141},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1876610215004476},
	author = {I. Ermanoski}
}
@article {959,
	title = {Maximizing fuel production rates in isothermal solar thermochemical fuel production},
	journal = {Applied Energy},
	volume = {183},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1098-1111},
	issn = {03062619},
	doi = {10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.09.012},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0306261916313162},
	author = {Timothy C. Davenport and Chih-Kai Yang and Christopher J. Kucharczyk and Michael J. Ignatowich and Sossina M. Haile}
}
@article {892,
	title = {Metal Oxide Composites and Structures for Ultra-High Temperature Solar Thermochemical Cycles},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Science},
	volume = {43},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {4714-4728},
	issn = {0022-2461, 1573-4803},
	doi = {10.1007/s10853-007-2354-7},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s10853-007-2354-7},
	author = {James E. Miller and Mark D. Allendorf and Richard B. Diver and Lindsey R. Evans and Nathan P. Siegel and John N. Stuecker}
}
@article {1007,
	title = {Methods of photoelectrode characterization with high spatial and temporal resolution},
	journal = {Energy \& Environmental Science},
	volume = {8},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2863-2885},
	abstract = {Materials and photoelectrode architectures that are highly efficient, extremely stable, and made from low cost materials are required for commercially viable photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting technology. A key challenge is the heterogeneous nature of real-world materials, which often possess spatial variation in their crystal structure, morphology, and/or composition at the nano-, micro-, or macro-scale. Different structures and compositions can have vastly different properties and can therefore strongly influence the overall performance of the photoelectrode through complex structure{\textendash}property relationships. A complete understanding of photoelectrode materials would also involve elucidation of processes such as carrier collection and electrochemical charge transfer that occur at very fast time scales. We present herein an overview of a broad suite of experimental and computational tools that can be used to define the structure{\textendash}property relationships of photoelectrode materials at small dimensions and on fast time scales. A major focus is on in situ scanning-probe measurement (SPM) techniques that possess the ability to measure differences in optical, electronic, catalytic, and physical properties with nano- or micro-scale spatial resolution. In situ ultrafast spectroscopic techniques, used to probe carrier dynamics involved with processes such as carrier generation, recombination, and interfacial charge transport, are also discussed. Complementing all of these experimental techniques are computational atomistic modeling tools, which can be invaluable for interpreting experimental results, aiding in materials discovery, and interrogating PEC processes at length and time scales not currently accessible by experiment. In addition to reviewing the basic capabilities of these experimental and computational techniques, we highlight key opportunities and limitations of applying these tools for the development of PEC materials.},
	issn = {1754-5706},
	doi = {10.1039/C5EE00835B},
	url = {http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2015/ee/c5ee00835b},
	author = {Daniel V. Esposito and Jason B. Baxter and Jimmy John and Nathan S. Lewis and Thomas P. Moffat and Tadashi Ogitsu and Glen D. O{\textquoteright}Neil and Tuan Anh Pham and A. Alec Talin and Jesus M. Velazquez and Brandon C. Wood}
}
@article {874,
	title = {Modeling the Direct Solar Conversion of CO <sub>2</sub> to CO and O <sub>2</sub>},
	journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research},
	volume = {43},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2446-2453},
	issn = {0888-5885, 1520-5045},
	doi = {10.1021/ie030745o},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie030745o},
	author = {Ralph J. Price and David A. Morse and Steven L. Hardy and Thomas H. Fletcher and Scott C. Hill and Reed J. Jensen}
}
@article {925,
	title = {Modification of CeO2 on the redox property of Fe2O3},
	journal = {Materials Letters},
	volume = {93},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {129-132},
	issn = {0167577X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.matlet.2012.09.039},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0167577X12013195},
	author = {Kongzhai Li and Masaaki Haneda and Zhenhua Gu and Hua Wang and Masakuni Ozawa}
}
@article {768,
	title = {M-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy of 4f instabilities in rare-earth systems (invited)},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Physics},
	volume = {55},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1910-1915},
	issn = {0021-8979},
	doi = {10.1063/1.333517},
	url = {https://aip.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1063/1.333517},
	author = {G. Kaindl and G. Kalkowski and W. D. Brewer and B. Perscheid and F. Holtzberg}
}
@article {791,
	title = {Novel rare-earth-containing manganites Ba4REMn3O12 (RE=Ce, Pr) with 12R structure},
	journal = {Journal of Solid State Chemistry},
	volume = {177},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {714-720},
	issn = {00224596},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jssc.2003.08.025},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S002245960300505X},
	author = {Antonio F Fuentes and Khalid Boulahya and Ulises Amador}
}
@article {772,
	title = {Observation of orbital ordering and Jahn-Teller distortions supporting the Wigner-crystal model in highly doped Bi 1 - x Ca x Mn O 3},
	journal = {Physical Review B},
	volume = {75},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	issn = {1098-0121, 1550-235X},
	doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.75.085101},
	url = {https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.75.085101},
	author = {S. Grenier and V. Kiryukhin and S-W. Cheong and B. G. Kim and J. P. Hill and K. J. Thomas and J. M. Tonnerre and Y. Joly and U. Staub and V. Scagnoli}
}
@article {863,
	title = {Origin and Tunability of Unusually Large Surface Capacitance in Doped Cerium Oxide Studied by Ambient-Pressure X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy},
	journal = {Advanced Materials},
	volume = {28},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {4692-4697},
	issn = {09359648},
	doi = {10.1002/adma.201506333},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/adma.201506333},
	author = {Chirranjeevi Balaji Gopal and Farid El Gabaly and Anthony H. McDaniel and William C. Chueh}
}
@article {967,
	title = {Oxidation and reduction reaction kinetics of mixed cerium zirconium oxides},
	journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
	volume = {120},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2027-2035},
	issn = {1932-7447, 1932-7455},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b08729},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b08729},
	author = {B. Bulfin and F. Call and J. Vieten and M. Roeb and C. Sattler and I. V. Shvets}
}
@article {897,
	title = {Oxidation reaction kinetics for the steam-iron process in support of hydrogen production},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {36},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {15125-15135},
	issn = {03603199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.08.074},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360319911019951},
	author = {R.C. Stehle and M.M. Bobek and R. Hooper and D.W. Hahn}
}
@article {784,
	title = {Oxidation state and chemical shift investigation in transition metal oxides by EELS},
	journal = {Ultramicroscopy},
	volume = {116},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {24-33},
	issn = {03043991},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ultramic.2012.03.002},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304399112000381},
	author = {Haiyan Tan and Jo Verbeeck and Artem Abakumov and Gustaaf Van Tendeloo}
}
@article {948,
	title = {Oxygen exchange materials for solar thermochemical splitting of H<sub>2</sub>O and CO<sub>2</sub>: A review},
	journal = {Materials Today},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	issn = {13697021},
	doi = {10.1016/j.mattod.2014.04.025},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1369702114001357},
	author = {Jonathan R. Scheffe and Aldo Steinfeld}
}
@article {976,
	title = {Oxygen nonstoichiometry, defect equilibria, and thermodynamic characterization of LaMnO<sub>3</sub> perovskites with Ca/Sr A-site and Al B-site doping},
	journal = {Acta Materialia},
	volume = {103},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {700-710},
	issn = {13596454},
	doi = {10.1016/j.actamat.2015.10.026},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1359645415300264},
	author = {M. Takacs and M. Hoes and M. Caduff and T. Cooper and J.R. Scheffe and A. Steinfeld}
}
@article {790,
	title = {Photochemical Water Oxidation by Crystalline Polymorphs of Manganese Oxides: Structural Requirements for Catalysis},
	journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
	volume = {135},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {3494-3501},
	issn = {0002-7863, 1520-5126},
	doi = {10.1021/ja310286h},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja310286h},
	author = {David M. Robinson and Yong Bok Go and Michelle Mui and Graeme Gardner and Zhijuan Zhang and Daniel Mastrogiovanni and Eric Garfunkel and Jing Li and Martha Greenblatt and G. Charles Dismukes}
}
@article {1038,
	title = {Proton conduction in sintered oxides and its application to steam electrolysis for hydrogen production},
	journal = {Solid State Ionics},
	volume = {3-4},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {359-363},
	abstract = {Some sintered oxides based on SrCeO3 were found to exhibit proton conduction on exposing them to a hydrogen-containing atmosphere at high temperature. The verification of proton conduction was made by studying the emf of various gas cells using the specimen diaphragm as an electrolyte. These materials could be applied to the electrolyte for steam electrolysis to produce hydrogen gas.},
	issn = {0167-2738},
	doi = {10.1016/0167-2738(81)90113-2},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0167273881901132},
	author = {H. Iwahara and T. Esaka and H. Uchida and N. Maeda}
}
@article {993,
	title = {Pt/TiO2 (rutile) catalysts for sulfuric acid decomposition in sulfur-based thermochemical water-splitting cycles},
	journal = {Applied Catalysis A: General},
	volume = {338},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {27-36},
	abstract = {Thermochemical cycles consist of a series of chemical reactions to produce hydrogen from water at lower temperatures than by direct thermal decomposition. All the sulfur-based cycles for water splitting employ the sulfuric acid decomposition reaction. This work reports the studies performed on 1wt\% Pt/TiO2 (rutile) catalysts submitted to flowing concentrated sulfuric acid at 1123K and atmospheric pressure for different times on stream between 0 and 548h. Catalyst activity showed an initial decrease that lasted for about 66h, followed by a slight recovery of activity between 66 and 102h TOS, and a period of slower deactivation after 102h TOS. Catalyst sulfation did not seem to be detrimental to catalyst activity. The activity profile suggested that a complex dynamic situation, involving platinum sintering, volatilization, and oxidation, along with TiO2 morphological changes, affected catalyst activity in a non-monotonic way.},
	issn = {0926-860X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.apcata.2007.12.016},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0926860X07007363},
	author = {L. M. Petkovic and D. M. Ginosar and H. W. Rollins and K. C. Burch and P. J. Pinhero and H. H. Farrell}
}
@article {1032,
	title = {Quality Assurance of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) and Electrolyser (SOEC) Stacks},
	journal = {ECS Transactions},
	volume = {78},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2077-2086},
	abstract = {In the EU-funded project {\textquotedblleft}Solid oxide cell and stack testing and quality assurance{\textquotedblright} (SOCTESQA) standardized and industry wide test modules and programs for high temperature solid oxide cells and stacks are being developed. These test procedures can be applied for the fuel cell (SOFC), the electrolysis (SOEC) and in the combined SOFC/SOEC mode. In order to optimize the test modules the project partners have tested identical SOC stacks with the same test programs in several testing campaigns. Altogether 10 pre-normative test modules were developed: Start-up, current-voltage characteristics, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, reactant utilization, reactant gas composition, temperature sensitivity, operation at constant current, operation at varying current, thermal cycling and shut-down. The test modules were validated by comparing the results in terms of repeatability of the different testing campaigns and in terms of reproducibility among the different partners. Moreover, the results are discussed in context to the test input parameters.},
	issn = {1938-6737, 1938-5862},
	doi = {10.1149/07801.2077ecst},
	url = {http://ecst.ecsdl.org/content/78/1/2077},
	author = {Michael Lang and Corinna Auer and Karine Couturier and Xiufu Sun and Stephen J. McPhail and Thomas Malkow and Qingxi Fu and Qinglin Liu}
}
@article {756,
	title = {Rate Constants of Electrochemical Reactions in a Lithium-Sulfur Cell Determined by Operando X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy},
	journal = {Journal of The Electrochemical Society},
	volume = {165},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {A3487-A3495},
	abstract = {The reduction of sulfur during discharge in a lithium-sulfur (Li-S) cell is known to occur in a series of reaction steps that involve lithium polysulfide intermediates. We present an operando study of the discharge of a solid-state Li-S cell using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). In theory, the average chain length of the polysulfides, xavg,cell, at a given depth of discharge is determined by the number of electrons delivered to the sulfur cathode. The dependence of xavg,cell measured by XAS on the depth of discharge is in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions. XAS is also used to track the formation of Li2S, the final discharge product, as a function of depth of discharge. The XAS measurements were used to estimate rate constants of a series of simple reactions commonly accepted in literature.},
	issn = {0013-4651, 1945-7111},
	doi = {10.1149/2.0981814jes},
	url = {http://jes.ecsdl.org/content/165/14/A3487},
	author = {Dunyang Rita Wang and Deep B. Shah and Jacqueline A. Maslyn and Whitney S. Loo and Kevin H. Wujcik and Erik J. Nelson and Matthew J. Latimer and Jun Feng and David Prendergast and Tod A. Pascal and Nitash P. Balsara}
}
@article {890,
	title = {Reactive ceramics of CeO2{\textendash}MOx (M=Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu) for H2 generation by two-step water splitting using concentrated solar thermal energy},
	journal = {Energy},
	volume = {32},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {656-663},
	issn = {03605442},
	doi = {10.1016/j.energy.2006.05.002},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360544206001186},
	author = {H Kaneko and T Miura and H Ishihara and S Taku and T Yokoyama and H Nakajima and Y Tamaura}
}
@article {916,
	title = {Reactivity of doped ceria-based mixed oxides for solar thermochemical hydrogen generation via two-step water-splitting cycles},
	journal = {Energy \& Fuels},
	volume = {27},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {6068-6078},
	issn = {0887-0624, 1520-5029},
	doi = {10.1021/ef4014373},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ef4014373},
	author = {Alex Le Gal and St{\'e}phane Abanades and Nicolas Bion and Thierry Le Mercier and Virginie Harl{\'e}}
}
@article {1037,
	title = {Recent advances in high temperature electrolysis using solid oxide fuel cells: A review},
	journal = {Journal of Power Sources},
	volume = {203},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {4-16},
	abstract = {New and more efficient energy conversion systems are required in the near future, due in part to the increase in oil prices and demand and also due to global warming. Fuel cells and hybrid systems present a promising future but in order to meet the demand, high amounts of hydrogen will be required. Until now, probably the cleanest method of producing hydrogen has been water electrolysis. In this field, solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOEC) have attracted a great interest in the last few years, as they offer significant power and higher efficiencies compared to conventional low temperature electrolysers. Their applications, performances and material issues will be reviewed.},
	issn = {0378-7753},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.12.019},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775311024384},
	author = {M. A. Laguna-Bercero}
}
@article {987,
	title = {Redox thermodynamics and phase composition in the system SrFeO 3-δ {\textemdash} SrMnO 3-δ},
	journal = {Solid State Ionics},
	volume = {308},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {149-155},
	issn = {01672738},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ssi.2017.06.014},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0167273817302990},
	author = {J. Vieten and B. Bulfin and M. Senholdt and M. Roeb and C. Sattler and M. Schm{\"u}cker}
}
@article {953,
	title = {The reduction and oxidation of ceria: A natural abundance triple oxygen isotope perspective},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {159},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {220-230},
	issn = {00167037},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2015.03.030},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0016703715001829},
	author = {Justin Hayles and Huiming Bao}
}
@article {936,
	title = {Re-energizing CO2 to fuels with the sun: Issues of efficiency, scale, and economics},
	journal = {Journal of CO2 Utilization},
	volume = {1},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {28-36},
	issn = {22129820},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jcou.2013.03.008},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2212982013000115},
	author = {Ellen B. Stechel and James E. Miller}
}
@article {982,
	title = {Renewable energy carriers derived from concentrating solar power and nonstoichiometric oxides},
	journal = {Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry},
	volume = {4},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {37-43},
	issn = {24522236},
	doi = {10.1016/j.cogsc.2017.02.004},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2452223617300020},
	author = {Anthony H. McDaniel}
}
@article {760,
	title = {Resonant 1 s {\textrightarrow} 3 d x-ray Bragg diffraction and structure factors for transition-metal compounds},
	journal = {Physical Review B},
	volume = {64},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	issn = {0163-1829, 1095-3795},
	doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.64.054405},
	url = {https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.64.054405},
	author = {S. W. Lovesey and K. S. Knight and E. Balcar}
}
@article {771,
	title = {Resonant soft x-ray powder diffraction study to determine the orbital ordering in A-site-ordered SmBaMn 2 O 6},
	journal = {Physical Review B},
	volume = {77},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	issn = {1098-0121, 1550-235X},
	doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.77.060402},
	url = {https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.77.060402},
	author = {M. Garc{\'\i}a-Fern{\'a}ndez and U. Staub and Y. Bodenthin and S. M. Lawrence and A. M. Mulders and C. E. Buckley and S. Weyeneth and E. Pomjakushina and K. Conder}
}
@article {764,
	title = {Resonant x-ray diffraction study of the charge ordering in magnetite},
	journal = {Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter},
	volume = {17},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {7633-7642},
	issn = {0953-8984, 1361-648X},
	doi = {10.1088/0953-8984/17/48/015},
	url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0953-8984/17/i=48/a=015?key=crossref.b73fefddce8ebe019873c56a6156c521},
	author = {Richard J Goff and Jon P Wright and J Paul Attfield and Paolo G Radaelli}
}
@article {761,
	title = {Resonant X-ray scattering as a probe of the valence and magnetic ground state and excitations in Pr0.6Ca0.4MnO3},
	journal = {Physica B: Condensed Matter},
	volume = {345},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {6-10},
	issn = {09214526},
	doi = {10.1016/j.physb.2003.11.008},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0921452603010020},
	author = {S. Grenier and K.J. Thomas and Young-June Kim and J.P. Hill and Doon Gibbs and V. Kiryukhin and Y. Tokura and Y. Tomioka and D. Casa and T. Gog and C. Venkataraman}
}
@article {920,
	title = {Review: Photochemical and thermochemical production of solar fuels from H<sub>2</sub>O and CO<sub>2</sub> using metal oxide catalysts},
	journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research},
	volume = {51},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {11828-11840},
	issn = {0888-5885, 1520-5045},
	doi = {10.1021/ie3007962},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie3007962},
	author = {Greg P. Smestad and Aldo Steinfeld}
}
@article {829,
	title = {Screening of water-splitting thermochemical cycles potentially attractive for hydrogen production by concentrated solar energy},
	journal = {Energy},
	volume = {31},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2805-2822},
	issn = {03605442},
	doi = {10.1016/j.energy.2005.11.002},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360544205002410},
	author = {S Abanades and P Charvin and G Flamant and P Neveu}
}
@article {770,
	title = {Site- and phase-selective x-ray absorption spectroscopy based on phase-retrieval calculation},
	journal = {Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter},
	volume = {29},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {113002},
	issn = {0953-8984, 1361-648X},
	doi = {10.1088/1361-648X/aa53bb},
	url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0953-8984/29/i=11/a=113002?key=crossref.5e311d4db6feaedb90887256cf533e5d},
	author = {Tomoya Kawaguchi and Katsutoshi Fukuda and Eiichiro Matsubara}
}
@article {833,
	title = {Solar energy combined with chemical reactive systems for the production and storage of sustainable energy. A review of thermodynamic principles},
	journal = {The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics},
	volume = {46},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {99-108},
	issn = {00219614},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jct.2011.08.023},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0021961411002990},
	author = {Andreas Heintz}
}
@article {956,
	title = {Solar fuel processing efficiency for ceria redox cycling using alternative oxygen partial pressure reduction methods},
	journal = {Energy},
	volume = {88},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {667-679},
	issn = {03605442},
	doi = {10.1016/j.energy.2015.06.006},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360544215007069},
	author = {Meng Lin and Sophia Haussener}
}
@article {942,
	title = {Solar Hydrogen Production with a Metal Oxide-Based Thermochemical Cycle.},
	number = {SAND2014-17185R, 1171559},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	url = {http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1171559/},
	author = {Anthony McDaniel}
}
@article {922,
	title = {Solar Thermal Hydrogen Production from Water over Modified CeO2 Materials},
	journal = {Topics in Catalysis},
	volume = {56},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1129-1138},
	issn = {1022-5528, 1572-9028},
	doi = {10.1007/s11244-013-0079-1},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11244-013-0079-1},
	author = {I. Al-Shankiti and F. Al-Otaibi and Y. Al-Salik and H. Idriss}
}
@article {909,
	title = {Solar Thermochemical CO<sub>2</sub> Splitting Utilizing a Reticulated Porous Ceria Redox System},
	journal = {Energy \& Fuels},
	volume = {26},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {7051-7059},
	issn = {0887-0624},
	doi = {10.1021/ef3013757},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef3013757},
	author = {Philipp Furler and Jonathan Scheffe and Michal Gorbar and Louis Moes and Ulrich Vogt and Aldo Steinfeld}
}
@article {968,
	title = {Solar thermochemical hydrogen production using ceria zirconia solid solutions: Efficiency analysis},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {41},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {19320-19328},
	issn = {03603199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.05.211},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360319916307650},
	author = {Brendan Bulfin and Matthias Lange and Lamark de Oliveira and Martin Roeb and Christian Sattler}
}
@article {828,
	title = {Solar thermochemical production of hydrogen{\textendash}{\textendash}a review},
	journal = {Solar Energy},
	volume = {78},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {603-615},
	issn = {0038092X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.solener.2003.12.012},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038092X03004663},
	author = {Aldo Steinfeld}
}
@article {985,
	title = {Solar thermochemical splitting of water to generate hydrogen},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {201700104},
	issn = {0027-8424, 1091-6490},
	doi = {10.1073/pnas.1700104114},
	url = {http://www.pnas.org/lookup/doi/10.1073/pnas.1700104114},
	author = {C. N. R. Rao and Sunita Dey}
}
@article {827,
	title = {Solar water splitting for hydrogen production with monolithic reactors},
	journal = {Solar Energy},
	volume = {79},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {409-421},
	issn = {0038092X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.solener.2005.02.026},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038092X05001465},
	author = {C. Agrafiotis and M. Roeb and A.G. Konstandopoulos and L. Nalbandian and V.T. Zaspalis and C. Sattler and P. Stobbe and A.M. Steele}
}
@article {884,
	title = {Solar-thermal production of renewable hydrogen},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	volume = {55},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {286-293},
	issn = {00011541, 15475905},
	doi = {10.1002/aic.11810},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/aic.11810},
	author = {Christopher Perkins and Alan W. Weimer}
}
@article {1004,
	title = {Solar-to-hydrogen efficiency: shining light on photoelectrochemical device performance},
	journal = {Energy \& Environmental Science},
	volume = {9},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {74-80},
	abstract = {Illumination characteristics from artificial sources strongly influence the experimental performance of solar water-splitting devices, with the highest impact on tandem structures designed for optimum conversion efficiency. We highlight quantitative and qualitative flaws of common characterization techniques, discuss their impact on research results and strategy, and demonstrate approaches toward advanced measurement accuracy.},
	issn = {1754-5706},
	doi = {10.1039/C5EE03206G},
	url = {http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2016/ee/c5ee03206g},
	author = {H. D{\"o}scher and J. L. Young and J. F. Geisz and J. A. Turner and T. G. Deutsch}
}
@article {1033,
	title = {Solid oxide proton conducting steam electrolysers},
	journal = {Solid State Ionics},
	volume = {179},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1120-1124},
	abstract = {Proton conducting ceramics based on acceptor doped perovskites are the subject of investigation as candidate electrolyte materials for Solid Oxide Electrolyser Cells (SOECs) that operate at intermediate temperatures. Initial work has focused on BaCe0.9Y0.1O3-δ (BCY10) and BaZr0.9Y0.1O3-δ (BZY10) as these materials have been proven to have high proton conductivities [K.H. Ryu, M. Haile, Solid State Ionics 125 (1999) 355]. Conductivity data from AC impedance spectroscopy measurements for BCY10 is in agreement with the literature. BZY10 doped with 1~wt.\% ZnO was found to have a significantly lower conductivity between 200 and 600~{\textdegree}C than BCY10. BCY10 has been confirmed as a suitable electrolyte material for a reversible proton conducting solid oxide fuel cell. Large losses are observed at lower temperatures in electrolysis mode and are attributed to the slow progression of reactions at the electrodes.},
	issn = {0167-2738},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ssi.2008.01.067},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167273808001082},
	author = {Paul A. Stuart and Toshiyuki Unno and John A. Kilner and Stephen J. Skinner}
}
@article {763,
	title = {Spectroscopy of La0.5Sr1.5MnO4 orbital ordering: a cluster many-body calculation},
	journal = {The European Physical Journal B},
	volume = {53},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {23-28},
	issn = {1434-6028, 1434-6036},
	doi = {10.1140/epjb/e2006-00340-5},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1140/epjb/e2006-00340-5},
	author = {A. Mirone and S. S. Dhesi and G. van der Laan}
}
@article {937,
	title = {Spinel Metal Oxide-Alkali Carbonate-Based, Low-Temperature Thermochemical Cycles for Water Splitting and CO <sub>2</sub> Reduction},
	journal = {Chemistry of Materials},
	volume = {25},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1564-1571},
	issn = {0897-4756, 1520-5002},
	doi = {10.1021/cm3038747},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/cm3038747},
	author = {Bingjun Xu and Yashodhan Bhawe and Mark E. Davis}
}
@article {870,
	title = {Splitting CO<sub>2</sub> with a ceria-based redox cycle in a solar-driven thermogravimetric analyzer},
	journal = {AIChE Journal},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	issn = {00011541},
	doi = {10.1002/aic.15501},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/aic.15501},
	author = {M. Takacs and S. Ackermann and A. Bonk and M. Neises-von Puttkamer and Ph. Haueter and J. R. Scheffe and U. F. Vogt and A. Steinfeld}
}
@article {960,
	title = {Splitting of CO <sub>2</sub> by Manganite Perovskites to Generate CO by Solar Isothermal Redox Cycling},
	journal = {ACS Energy Letters},
	volume = {1},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {237-243},
	issn = {2380-8195, 2380-8195},
	doi = {10.1021/acsenergylett.6b00122},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acsenergylett.6b00122},
	author = {Sunita Dey and C. N. R. Rao}
}
@article {1024,
	title = {Sputtered iridium oxide films as electrocatalysts for water splitting via PEM electrolysis},
	journal = {Electrochimica Acta},
	volume = {52},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {3889-3894},
	abstract = {Thin films of iridium oxide deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering have been investigated as catalysts for electrochemical water splitting in a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) cell. The sputtered films possess excellent mechanical stability and corrosion resistance at the high anodic potentials where oxygen evolution takes place. Their catalytic activity has been assessed using the conventional electrochemical methods of cyclovoltammetry and steady state polarisation techniques. A morphology factor assessing the catalyst active surface for a series of sputtered samples with varying thickness/loading has been determined and correlated to the catalytic efficiency. It has been proven that iridium oxide is a very efficient catalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The best performance with anodic current density of 0.3Acm-2 at potential of 1.55V (versus RHE) has shown the 500nm thick film containing 0.2mgcm-2 catalyst. The results obtained have also demonstrated the advantages of the reactive magnetron sputtering as simple and reliable method for deposition of efficient and cost effective catalysts for PEM electrolysis application.},
	issn = {0013-4686},
	doi = {10.1016/j.electacta.2006.11.005},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013468606011571},
	author = {E. Slavcheva and I. Radev and S. Bliznakov and G. Topalov and P. Andreev and E. Budevski}
}
@article {992,
	title = {Stability of supported platinum sulfuric acid decomposition catalysts for use in thermochemical water splitting cycles},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {32},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {482-488},
	abstract = {The activity and stability of several metal oxide supported platinum catalysts were explored for the sulfuric acid decomposition reaction. The acid decomposition reaction is common to several sulfur based thermochemical water splitting cycles. Reactions were carried out using a feed of concentrated liquid sulfuric acid (96wt\%) at atmospheric pressure at temperatures between 800 and 850oC and a weight hour space velocity of 52g acid/g catalyst/h. Reactions were run at high space velocities such that variations in kinetics were not masked by surplus catalyst. The influence of exposure to reaction conditions was explored for three catalysts; 0.1{\textendash}0.2wt\% Pt supported on alumina, zirconia and titania. The higher surface area Pt/Al2O3 and Pt/ZrO2 catalysts had the highest activity but deactivated rapidly. A low surface area Pt/TiO2 catalyst had good stability in short term tests, but slowly lost activity for over 200h of continuous operation.},
	issn = {0360-3199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.06.053},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319906002655},
	author = {Daniel M. Ginosar and Lucia M. Petkovic and Anne W. Glenn and Kyle C. Burch}
}
@article {1003,
	title = {Standardized Benchmarking of Water Splitting Catalysts in a Combined Electrochemical Flow Cell/Inductively Coupled Plasma{\textendash}Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) Setup},
	journal = {ACS Catalysis},
	volume = {7},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {3768-3778},
	abstract = {The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the limiting step in splitting water into its constituents, hydrogen and oxygen. Hence, research on potential OER catalysts has become the focus of many studies. In this work, we investigate capable OER catalysts but focus on catalyst stability, which is, especially in this case, at least equally as important as catalyst activity. We propose a specialized setup for monitoring the corrosion profiles of metal oxide catalysts during a stability testing protocol, which is specifically designed to standardize the investigation of OER catalysts by means of differentiating between catalyst corrosion and deactivation, oxygen evolution efficiency, and catalyst activity. For this purpose, we combined an electrochemical flow cell (EFC) with an oxygen sensor and an inductively coupled plasma{\textendash}optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) system for the simultaneous investigation of catalyst deactivation, activity, and faradaic efficiency of catalysts. We tested various catalysts, with IrO2 and NiCoO2 used as benchmark materials in acidic and alkaline environment, respectively. The scalability of our setup will allow the user to investigate catalytic materials with supports of higher surface area than those which are typical for microelectrochemical flow cells (thus, under conditions more similar to those of commercial electrolyzers).},
	doi = {10.1021/acscatal.7b00632},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.7b00632},
	author = {Ioannis Spanos and Alexander A. Auer and Sebastian Neugebauer and Xiaohui Deng and Harun T{\"u}ys{\"u}z and Robert Schl{\"o}gl}
}
@article {868,
	title = {Structural and chemical evolution of Fe_xCo_yO based ceramics under reduction/oxidation{\textemdash}an in situ neutron diffraction study},
	journal = {Materials Science and Engineering: B},
	volume = {106},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {6-26},
	issn = {09215107},
	doi = {10.1016/j.mseb.2003.07.004},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0921510703002861},
	author = {Yaping Li and Evan R. Maxey and James W. Richardson and Beihai Ma}
}
@article {757,
	title = {Structural Change of the Mn Cluster during the S2{\textrightarrow}S3 State Transition of the Oxygen-Evolving Complex of Photosystem II. Does It Reflect the Onset of Water/Substrate Oxidation? Determination by Mn X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy},
	journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
	volume = {122},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {3399-3412},
	abstract = {The oxygen-evolving complex of Photosystem II in plants and cyanobacteria catalyzes the oxidation of two water molecules to one molecule of dioxygen. A tetranuclear Mn complex is believed to cycle through five intermediate states (S0-S4) to couple the four-electron oxidation of water with the one-electron photochemistry occurring at the Photosystem II reaction center. We have used X-ray absorption spectroscopy to study the local structure of the Mn complex and have proposed a model for it, based on studies of the Mn K-edges and the extended X-ray absorption fine structure of the S1 and S2 states. The proposed model consists of two di-μ-oxo-bridged binuclear Mn units with Mn-Mn distances of \~{}2.7 {\r A} that are linked to each other by a mono-μ-oxo bridge with a Mn-Mn separation of \~{}3.3 {\r A}. The Mn-Mn distances are invariant in the native S1 and S2 states. This report describes the application of X-ray absorption spectroscopy to S3 samples created under physiological conditions with saturating flash illumination. Significant changes are observed in the Mn-Mn distances in the S3 state compared to the S1 and the S2 states. The two 2.7 {\r A} Mn-Mn distances that characterize the di-μ-oxo centers in the S1 and S2 states are lengthened to \~{}2.8 and 3.0 {\r A} in the S3 state, respectively. The 3.3 {\r A} Mn-Mn and Mn-Ca distances also increase by 0.04-0.2 {\r A}. These changes in Mn-Mn distances are interpreted as consequences of the onset of substrate/water oxidation in the S3 state. Mn-centered oxidation is evident during the S0{\textrightarrow}S1 and S1{\textrightarrow}S2 transitions. We propose that the changes in Mn-Mn distances during the S2{\textrightarrow}S3 transition are the result of ligand or water oxidation, leading to the formation of an oxyl radical intermediate formed at a bridging or terminal position. The reaction of the oxyl radical with OH-, H2O, or an oxo group during the subsequent S state conversion is proposed to lead to the formation of the O-O bond. Models that can account for changes in the Mn-Mn distances in the S3 state and the implications for the mechanism of water oxidation are discussed.},
	issn = {0002-7863},
	doi = {10.1021/ja992501u},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/ja992501u},
	author = {Wenchuan Liang and Theo A. Roelofs and Roehl M. Cinco and Annette Rompel and Matthew J. Latimer and Wa O. Yu and Kenneth Sauer and Melvin P. Klein and Vittal K. Yachandra}
}
@article {747,
	title = {Structural Features of Sm- and Gd-Doped Ceria Studied by Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction and μ-Raman Spectroscopy},
	journal = {Inorganic Chemistry},
	volume = {54},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {4126-4137},
	abstract = {A structural study of Sm- and Gd-doped ceria was performed with the aim to clarify some unexplained structural features. (Ce1{\textendash}xREx)O2{\textendash}x/2 samples (RE = Sm, Gd; x = 0, 0.1, ..., 1) were prepared by coprecipitation of mixed oxalates and subsequent thermal treatment at 1473, 1173, or 1073 K in air; they were then analyzed at room temperature both by synchrotron X-ray diffraction and μ-Raman spectroscopy. Two structural models were adopted to fit the experimental data, namely, a fluoritic one, resembling the CeO2 structure at low RE content, and a hybrid one at higher RE content, intermediate between the CeO2 and the RE2O3 structures. Two main transitions were detected along the compositional range: (a) an RE-dependent transition at the boundary between the fluoritic and the hybrid regions, of a chemical nature; (b) an RE-independent transition within the hybrid region at \~{}0.5, having a purely geometrical nature. The presence of two finely interlaced F- and C-based structures within the hybrid region was confirmed, and hints of their composition were obtained by μ-Raman spectroscopy. The obtained results indicate a possible explanation for the non-Vegard behavioral trend of the cell parameters.},
	issn = {0020-1669},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00395},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00395},
	author = {Cristina Artini and Marcella Pani and Maria Maddalena Carnasciali and Maria Teresa Buscaglia and Jasper Rikkert Plaisier and Giorgio Andrea Costa}
}
@article {750,
	title = {Structural properties of Sm-doped ceria electrolytes at the fuel cell operating temperatures},
	journal = {Solid State Ionics},
	volume = {315},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {85-91},
	abstract = {A high temperature structural study (673{\textendash}1073K) was performed by means of synchrotron x-ray diffraction and μ-Raman spectroscopy on several compositions belonging to the Ce1-xSmxO2-x/2 system with the aim to investigate the crystallographic features of Sm-doped ceria electrolytes at the fuel cell operating temperatures; ionic conductivity of samples with x ranging between 0.1 and 0.4 was measured too in order to correlate the main structural features with transport properties. A slight shift toward lower x values of the fluorite-based/hybrid region boundary is observed with increasing temperature; moreover, the coefficient of thermal expansion reveals a strong slope change close to x=0.3, which represents the crossover composition between the two atomic arrangements. The presence of C-structured RE2O3 nanodomains within the fluorite structure starting from x~0.2 is revealed by μ-Raman spectroscopy and confirmed by the behaviour of total conductivity. The ordering effect exerted at each temperature by the Sm-vacancies aggregates on the fluorite structure within the hybrid region influences the behaviour of both the intensity and the full width at half maximum of the Raman signal typical of the CeO2 structure. The obtained results are discussed in comparison to the ones deriving from the Gd-doped ceria system.},
	issn = {0167-2738},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ssi.2017.12.009},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167273817304800},
	author = {C. Artini and M. M. Carnasciali and M. Viviani and S. Presto and J. R. Plaisier and G. A. Costa and M. Pani}
}
@article {788,
	title = {Structural requirements of manganese oxides for methane oxidation: XAS spectroscopy and transition-state studies},
	journal = {Applied Catalysis B: Environmental},
	volume = {229},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {52-62},
	issn = {09263373},
	doi = {10.1016/j.apcatb.2018.02.007},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0926337318301115},
	author = {Xiuyun Wang and Yi Liu and Yangyu Zhang and Tianhua Zhang and Huazhen Chang and Yongfan Zhang and Lilong Jiang}
}
@article {752,
	title = {On the structural stability of crystalline ceria phases in undoped and acceptor-doped ceria materials under in situ reduction conditions},
	journal = {Crystengcomm},
	volume = {21},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {145-154},
	abstract = {The reduction of pure and Sm-doped ceria in hydrogen has been studied by synchrotron-based in situ X-ray diffraction to eventually prove or disprove the presence of crystalline cerium hydride (CeHx) phases and the succession of potential structural phase (trans)formations of reduced cerium oxide phases during heating-cooling cycles up to 1273 K. Despite a recent report on the existence of bulk and surface CeHx phases during reductive treatment of pure CeO2 in H-2, structural analysis by Rietveld refinement as well as additional H-1-NMR spectroscopy did not reveal the presence of any crystalline CeHx phase. Rather, a sequence of phase transformations during the re-cooling process in H-2 has been observed. In both samples, the reduced/defective fluorite lattice undergoes at first a transformation into a bixbyite-type lattice with a formal stoichiometry Ce0.583+Ce0.424+O1.71 and Sm0.153+Ce0.393+Ce0.464+O1.73, before a transformation into rhombohedral Ce7O12 takes place in pure CeO2. This phase is clearly absent for the Sm-doped material. Finally, a triclinic Ce11O20 phase appears for both materials, which can be recovered to room temperature, and on which a phase mixture of bixbyite Ce0.663+Ce0.344+O1.67, rh-Ce0.603+Ce0.404+O1.70 and tri-Ce0.483+Ce0.524+O1.76 (for pure CeO2) or bixbyite Sm0.153+Ce0.473+Ce0.384+O1.69 and tri-Sm0.153+Ce0.313+Ce0.544+O1.77 (for Sm-doped CeO2) prevails. The absence of the rhombohedral phase indicates that Sm doping leads to the stabilization of the bixbyite phase over the rhombohedral one at this particular oxygen vacancy concentration. It is worth noting that recent work proves that hydrogen is indeed incorporated within the structures during the heat treatments, but under the chosen experimental conditions it has apparently no effect on the salient structural principles during reduction.},
	issn = {1466-8033},
	doi = {10.1039/c8ce01726c},
	author = {Maged F. Bekheet and Matthias Gruenbacher and Lukas Schlicker and Albert Gili and Andrew Doran and Jan Dirk Epping and Aleksander Gurlo and Bernhard Kloetzer and Simon Penner}
}
@article {793,
	title = {Structure and magnetic properties of Ba5Ce1.25Mn3.75O15, a new 10H-polytype in the Ba{\textendash}Ce{\textendash}Mn{\textendash}O system},
	journal = {Journal of Solid State Chemistry},
	volume = {198},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {186-191},
	issn = {00224596},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jssc.2012.10.004},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0022459612006512},
	author = {Mario A. Mac{\'\i}as and Olivier Mentr{\'e} and Silviu Colis and Gabriel J. Cuello and Gilles H. Gauthier}
}
@article {885,
	title = {Sunshine to Petrol: A Metal Oxide-Based Thermochemical Route to Solar Fuels},
	number = {SAND2009-4579A},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	author = {Albuquerque Sandia National Laboratories and James E. Miller and Richard B. Diver Jr. and Nathan Phillip Siegel and Eric Coker and Andrea Ambrosini and Daniel E. Dedrick and Mark D. Allendorf and Anthony H. McDaniel and Gary L Kellogg and Roy E. Hogan Jr. and Ken S. Chen and Ellen B. Stechel}
}
@article {780,
	title = {Surface Defect Chemistry and Electronic Structure of Pr <sub>0.1</sub> Ce <sub>0.9</sub> O <sub>2-δ</sub> Revealed <i>in Operando</i>},
	journal = {Chemistry of Materials},
	volume = {30},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2600-2606},
	issn = {0897-4756, 1520-5002},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b05129},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b05129},
	author = {Qiyang Lu and Gulin Vardar and Maximilian Jansen and Sean R. Bishop and Iradwikanari Waluyo and Harry L. Tuller and Bilge Yildiz}
}
@article {779,
	title = {Surface structure of coherently strained ceria ultrathin films},
	journal = {Physical Review B},
	volume = {94},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	issn = {2469-9950, 2469-9969},
	doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.94.205420},
	url = {https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.94.205420},
	author = {Yezhou Shi and Kevin H. Stone and Zixuan Guan and Matteo Monti and Chuntian Cao and Farid El Gabaly and William C. Chueh and Michael F. Toney}
}
@article {842,
	title = {Sustainable hydrocarbon fuels by recycling CO2 and H2O with renewable or nuclear energy},
	journal = {Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews},
	volume = {15},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1-23},
	issn = {13640321},
	doi = {10.1016/j.rser.2010.07.014},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1364032110001942},
	author = {Christopher Graves and Sune D. Ebbesen and Mogens Mogensen and Klaus S. Lackner}
}
@article {849,
	title = {Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermochemical Redox Performance of Hf <sup>4+</sup> , Zr <sup>4+</sup> , and Sc <sup>3+</sup> Doped Ceria for Splitting CO <sub>2</sub>},
	journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
	volume = {117},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {24104-24114},
	issn = {1932-7447, 1932-7455},
	doi = {10.1021/jp4050572},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp4050572},
	author = {Jonathan R. Scheffe and Roger Jacot and Greta R. Patzke and Aldo Steinfeld}
}
@article {962,
	title = {System efficiency for two-step metal oxide solar thermochemical hydrogen production {\textendash} Part 1: Thermodynamic model and impact of oxidation kinetics},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {41},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {19881-19893},
	issn = {03603199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.07.109},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360319915303542},
	author = {Brian D. Ehrhart and Christopher L. Muhich and Ibraheam Al-Shankiti and Alan W. Weimer}
}
@article {857,
	title = {System efficiency for two-step metal oxide solar thermochemical hydrogen production {\textendash} Part 2: Impact of gas heat recuperation and separation temperatures},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {41},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {19881-19893},
	issn = {03603199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.07.110},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360319915303542},
	author = {Brian D. Ehrhart and Christopher L. Muhich and Ibraheam Al-Shankiti and Alan W. Weimer}
}
@article {858,
	title = {System efficiency for two-step metal oxide solar thermochemical hydrogen production {\textendash} Part 3: Various methods for achieving low oxygen partial pressures in the reduction reaction},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {41},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {19881-19893},
	issn = {03603199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.07.106},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360319915303542},
	author = {Brian D. Ehrhart and Christopher L. Muhich and Ibraheam Al-Shankiti and Alan W. Weimer}
}
@article {1034,
	title = {Technological development of hydrogen production by solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC)},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {33},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2337-2354},
	abstract = {High-temperature solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC) has great potential for efficient and economical production of hydrogen fuel. In this paper, the state-of-the-art SOEC technologies are reviewed. The developments of the important steam electrolyzer components, such as the ionic conducting electrolyte and the electrodes, are summarized and discussed. YSZ and LSGM are promising electrolyte materials for SOEC working at high and intermediate temperatures, respectively. When co-doping or a blocking layer is applied, SDC or GDC are possible electrolyte materials for intermediate-temperature SOEC. Ni{\textendash}YSZ remains to be the optimal cathode material. Although LSM{\textendash}YSZ is widely used as SOEC anode, other materials, such as LSF{\textendash}YSZ, may be better choices and need to be further studied. Considering the cell configuration, planar SOECs are preferred due to their better manufacturability and better electrochemical performance than tubular cells. Anode depolarization is an effective method to reduce the electrical energy consumption of SOEC hydrogen production. Although some electrochemical models and fluid flow models are available, the present literature is lacking detailed modeling analyses of the coupled heat/mass transfer and electrochemical reaction phenomena of the SOEC. Mathematical modeling studies of SOEC with novel structures and anode depolarization processes will be fruitful for the development of SOEC. More works, both experimental and theoretical, are needed to further develop SOEC technology to produce hydrogen more economically and efficiently for the coming hydrogen economy.},
	issn = {0360-3199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.02.048},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319908002255},
	author = {Meng Ni and Michael K. H. Leung and Dennis Y. C. Leung}
}
@article {896,
	title = {Test operation of a 100kW pilot plant for solar hydrogen production from water on a solar tower},
	journal = {Solar Energy},
	volume = {85},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {634-644},
	issn = {0038092X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.solener.2010.04.014},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038092X10001623},
	author = {M. Roeb and J.-P. S{\"a}ck and P. Rietbrock and C. Prahl and H. Schreiber and M. Neises and L. de Oliveira and D. Graf and M. Ebert and W. Reinalter and M. Meyer-Gr{\"u}nefeldt and C. Sattler and A. Lopez and A. Vidal and A. Elsberg and P. Stobbe and D. Jones and A. Steele and S. Lorentzou and C. Pagkoura and A. Zygogianni and C. Agrafiotis and A.G. Konstandopoulos}
}
@article {949,
	title = {Thermal Reduction of Ceria within an Aerosol Reactor for H <sub>2</sub> O and CO <sub>2</sub> Splitting},
	journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research},
	volume = {53},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2175-2182},
	issn = {0888-5885, 1520-5045},
	doi = {10.1021/ie402620k},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie402620k},
	author = {Jonathan R. Scheffe and Michael Welte and Aldo Steinfeld}
}
@article {879,
	title = {Thermochemical Cycles for High-Temperature Solar Hydrogen Production},
	journal = {Chemical Reviews},
	volume = {107},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {4048-4077},
	issn = {0009-2665, 1520-6890},
	doi = {10.1021/cr050188a},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/cr050188a},
	author = {Tatsuya Kodama and Nobuyuki Gokon}
}
@article {875,
	title = {Thermochemical hydrogen production by a redox system of ZrO2-supported Co(II)-ferrite},
	journal = {Solar Energy},
	volume = {78},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {623-631},
	issn = {0038092X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.solener.2004.04.008},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038092X04000830},
	author = {T. Kodama and Y. Kondoh and R. Yamamoto and H. Andou and N. Satou}
}
@article {876,
	title = {Thermochemical hydrogen production from a two-step solar-driven water-splitting cycle based on cerium oxides},
	journal = {Solar Energy},
	volume = {80},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1611-1623},
	issn = {0038092X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.solener.2005.12.005},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038092X06000338},
	author = {St{\'e}phane Abanades and Gilles Flamant}
}
@article {952,
	title = {Thermochemical reactivity of 5{\textendash}15mol\% Fe, Co, Ni, Mn-doped cerium oxides in two-step water-splitting cycle for solar hydrogen production},
	journal = {Thermochimica Acta},
	volume = {617},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {179-190},
	issn = {00406031},
	doi = {10.1016/j.tca.2015.08.036},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0040603115003561},
	author = {Nobuyuki Gokon and Toshinori Suda and Tatsuya Kodama}
}
@article {904,
	title = {Thermochemical two-step water splitting by internally circulating fluidized bed of NiFe2O4 particles: Successive reaction of thermal-reduction and water-decomposition steps},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {36},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {4757-4767},
	issn = {03603199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.01.076},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360319911001194},
	author = {Nobuyuki Gokon and Tetsuro Mataga and Nobuyuki Kondo and Tatsuya Kodama}
}
@article {881,
	title = {Thermochemical Two-Step Water Splitting by ZrO<sub>2</sub>-supported Ni<sub>x</sub>Fe<sub>3-x</sub>O<sub>4</sub> for Solar Hydrogen Production},
	journal = {Solar Energy},
	volume = {82},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {73-79},
	issn = {0038092X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.solener.2007.03.005},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038092X07000783},
	author = {T. Kodama and N. Gokon and R. Yamamoto}
}
@article {923,
	title = {Thermodynamic analysis of isothermal redox cycling of ceria for solar fuel production},
	journal = {Energy \& Fuels},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {130812072357003},
	issn = {0887-0624, 1520-5029},
	doi = {10.1021/ef400132d},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ef400132d},
	author = {Roman Bader and Luke J. Venstrom and Jane H. Davidson and Wojciech Lipi{\'n}ski}
}
@article {950,
	title = {Thermodynamic and kinetic assessments of strontium-doped lanthanum manganite perovskites for two-step thermochemical water splitting},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Chemistry A},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	issn = {2050-7488, 2050-7496},
	doi = {10.1039/C4TA02694B},
	url = {http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C4TA02694B},
	author = {Chih-Kai Yang and Yoshihiro Yamazaki and Aykut Aydin and Sossina M. Haile}
}
@article {972,
	title = {Thermodynamic assessment of an electrically-enhanced thermochemical hydrogen production (EETHP) concept for renewable hydrogen generation},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {42},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {14380-14389},
	issn = {03603199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.04.125},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360319917315331},
	author = {Sean M. Babiniec and Andrea Ambrosini and James E. Miller}
}
@conference {989,
	title = {Thermodynamic Considerations for Thermal Water Splitting Processes and High Temperature Electrolysis},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	publisher = {ASME},
	organization = {ASME},
	address = {Boston, Massachusetts, USA},
	abstract = {A general thermodynamic analysis of hydrogen production based on thermal water splitting processes is presented.  Results of the analysis show that the overall efficiency of any thermal water splitting process operating between two temperature limits is proportional to the Carnot efficiency.  Implications of thermodynamic efficiency limits and the impacts of loss mechanisms and operating conditions are discussed as they pertain specifically to hydrogen production based on high-temperature electrolysis. Overall system performance predictions are also presented for high-temperature electrolysis plants powered by three different advanced nuclear reactor types, over their respective operating temperature ranges.},
	author = {J. E. O{\textquoteright}Brien}
}
@article {802,
	title = {Thermodynamic modeling of the hybrid sulfur (HyS) cycle for hydrogen production},
	journal = {Fluid Phase Equilibria},
	volume = {460},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {175-188},
	abstract = {We have developed a comprehensive thermodynamic model for the ternary system sulfur dioxide~+~sulfuric acid~+~water based on a previously published thermodynamic model of the aqueous sulfuric acid system using the symmetric electrolyte NRTL (eNRTL) activity coefficient model. The eNRTL binary interaction parameters and the chemical equilibrium constants are regressed from experimental SO2 solubility data in aqueous sulfuric acid solutions. The model accurately represents all thermodynamic properties including vapor-liquid equilibrium, liquid-liquid equilibrium, calorimetric properties, and speciation over a wide acid concentration range, from pure water to pure sulfuric acid and pure sulfur dioxide, and temperatures from 273.15 to 393.15 K. The model should be very useful in supporting process research, development, and design of advanced water-splitting processes based on the hybrid sulfur (HyS) cycle.},
	issn = {0378-3812},
	doi = {10.1016/j.fluid.2017.12.025},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378381217305095},
	author = {Harnoor Kaur and Meng Wang and Maximilian B. Gorensek and Chau-Chyun Chen}
}
@article {947,
	title = {Thermodynamics of CeO<sub>2</sub> thermochemical fuel production},
	journal = {Energy \& Fuels},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {150126104600001},
	issn = {0887-0624, 1520-5029},
	doi = {10.1021/ef5019912},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ef5019912},
	author = {B. Bulfin and F. Call and M. Lange and O. L{\"u}bben and C. Sattler and R. Pitz-Paal and I. V. Shvets}
}
@article {781,
	title = {Three Oxidation States of Manganese in the Barium Hexaferrite BaFe <sub> 12{\textendash} <i>x</i> </sub> Mn <sub> <i>x</i> </sub> O <sub>19</sub>},
	journal = {Inorganic Chemistry},
	volume = {56},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {3861-3866},
	issn = {0020-1669, 1520-510X},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02688},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02688},
	author = {Sandra Nemrava and Denis A. Vinnik and Zhiwei Hu and Martin Valldor and Chang-Yang Kuo and Dmitry A. Zherebtsov and Svetlana A. Gudkova and Chien-Te Chen and Liu Hao Tjeng and Rainer Niewa}
}
@article {832,
	title = {Towards Solar Fuels from Water and CO <sub>2</sub>},
	journal = {ChemSusChem},
	volume = {3},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {195-208},
	issn = {18645631, 1864564X},
	doi = {10.1002/cssc.200900289},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/cssc.200900289},
	author = {Gabriele Centi and Siglinda Perathoner}
}
@article {938,
	title = {Tunable oxygen vacancy formation energetics in the complex perovskite oxide Sr<sub><i>x</i></sub>La<sub>1{\textendash}<i>x</i></sub>Mn<sub><i>y</i></sub>Al<sub>1{\textendash}<i>y</i></sub>O<sub>3</sub>},
	journal = {Chemistry of Materials},
	volume = {26},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {6595-6602},
	issn = {0897-4756, 1520-5002},
	doi = {10.1021/cm5033755},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/cm5033755},
	author = {Ann M. Deml and Vladan Stevanovi{\'c} and Aaron M. Holder and Michael Sanders and Ryan O{\textquoteright}Hayre and Charles B. Musgrave}
}
@article {888,
	title = {Two-step water splitting thermochemical cycle based on iron oxide redox pair for solar hydrogen production},
	journal = {Energy},
	volume = {32},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1124-1133},
	issn = {03605442},
	doi = {10.1016/j.energy.2006.07.023},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360544206001897},
	author = {P Charvin and S Abanades and G Flamant and F Lemort}
}
@article {880,
	title = {Two-step water splitting using mixed-metal ferrites: Thermodynamic analysis and characterization of synthesized materials},
	journal = {Energy \& Fuels},
	volume = {22},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {4115-4124},
	issn = {0887-0624, 1520-5029},
	doi = {10.1021/ef8005004},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ef8005004},
	author = {Mark D. Allendorf and Richard B. Diver and Nathan P. Siegel and James E. Miller}
}
@article {940,
	title = {T{\textendash}S diagram efficiency analysis of two-step thermochemical cycles for solar water splitting under various process conditions},
	journal = {Energy},
	volume = {67},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {298-308},
	issn = {03605442},
	doi = {10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.112},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360544214001509},
	author = {M. Lange and M. Roeb and C. Sattler and R. Pitz-Paal}
}
@article {834,
	title = {Understanding Chemical Expansion in Non-Stoichiometric Oxides: Ceria and Zirconia Case Studies},
	journal = {Advanced Functional Materials},
	volume = {22},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1958-1965},
	issn = {1616301X},
	doi = {10.1002/adfm.201102648},
	url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/adfm.201102648},
	author = {Dario Marrocchelli and Sean R. Bishop and Harry L. Tuller and Bilge Yildiz}
}
@article {778,
	title = {Understanding crystallization pathways leading to manganese oxide polymorph formation},
	journal = {Nature Communications},
	volume = {9},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {2553},
	abstract = {Minor variations in synthesis conditions can redirect crystallization pathways through different nonequilibrium intermediates. Here, the authors present a theoretical framework to predict which polymorphs appear during MnO2 precipitation, which is validated by in situ X-ray scattering of reaction progression.},
	issn = {2041-1723},
	doi = {10.1038/s41467-018-04917-y},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-04917-y},
	author = {Bor-Rong Chen and Wenhao Sun and Daniil A. Kitchaev and John S. Mangum and Vivek Thampy and Lauren M. Garten and David S. Ginley and Brian P. Gorman and Kevin H. Stone and Gerbrand Ceder and Michael F. Toney and Laura T. Schelhas}
}
@article {1031,
	title = {Understanding the Current-Voltage Behavior of High Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stacks},
	journal = {Journal of The Electrochemical Society},
	volume = {164},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {F1460-F1470},
	abstract = {High temperature solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stacks are highly efficient and environmentally friendly electrochemical systems, which convert the chemical energy of fuel gases with oxygen from air directly into electrical energy. During operation of SOFC stacks under system operating conditions pronounced temperature and fuel gas composition gradients along the cell area and along the height of the stack occur. Therefore, in contrast to SOFC cells, the electrochemical behavior of SOFC stacks is much more complex and has not sufficiently been studied. Specially, a shortcoming exists in terms of understanding the homogeneity, performance loss mechanisms, and various resistances and overvoltages within the stack repeat components. Therefore, this paper focuses on the improvement of the understanding and of the interpretation of different current-voltage curves of solid oxide fuel cell stack repeat units. Three different cases are discussed: repeat units with high power performance, with high cell contact resistance and with high fuel utilization. The stacks were investigated by current-voltage curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and gas analysis. In order to understand the electrochemical behavior of these three cases both experimental and modeling results are presented, compared and discussed.},
	issn = {0013-4651, 1945-7111},
	doi = {10.1149/2.1541713jes},
	url = {http://jes.ecsdl.org/content/164/13/F1460},
	author = {M. Lang and C. Bohn and M. Henke and G. Schiller and C. Willich and F. Hauler}
}
@article {787,
	title = {Understanding the spectroscopic signatures of Mn valence changes in the valence energy loss spectra of Li-Mn-Ni-O spinel oxides},
	journal = {Physical Review Materials},
	volume = {1},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	issn = {2475-9953},
	doi = {10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.1.074402},
	url = {https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.1.074402},
	author = {M. K. Kinyanjui and P. Axmann and M. Mancini and G. Gabrielli and P. Balasubramanian and F. Boucher and M. Wohlfahrt-Mehrens and U. Kaiser}
}
@article {830,
	title = {Using computational fluid dynamics modeling to improve the performance of a solar CO<sub>2</sub> converter},
	journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research},
	volume = {46},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {1959-1967},
	issn = {0888-5885, 1520-5045},
	doi = {10.1021/ie061035w},
	url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie061035w},
	author = {Ralph J. Price and Thomas H. Fletcher and Reed J. Jensen}
}
@article {973,
	title = {Vacuum pumping options for application in solar thermochemical redox cycles {\textendash} Assessment of mechanical-, jet- and thermochemical pumping systems},
	journal = {Solar Energy},
	volume = {141},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {91-102},
	issn = {0038092X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.solener.2016.11.023},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038092X16305552},
	author = {Stefan Brendelberger and Henrik von Storch and Brendan Bulfin and Christian Sattler}
}
@article {774,
	title = {Valence measurement of Mn oxides using Mn K-beta emission spectroscopy},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS},
	volume = {61},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {547-460},
	abstract = {High resolution Mn K-beta emission spectra provide a direct method to probe the effective spin state and charge density on Mn sites. Direct
comparison of MnF2 and MnO reveals significant changes due to the degree of covalency. The detailed shape and energy shi  of thr spectra for the
perovskite LaMnO3 and CaMnO3 compounds are found to be very similar to Mn2O3 and MnO2, respectively. Detailed Mn K-beta X-ray emission results on
La1-xCaxMnO3 can be well fit by linear superpositions of the end member spectra. However, for x < 0.3, a retarded response is found. No evidence for Mn2+ is
found},
	author = {Q Qian and TA Tyson and CC Kao and JP Rueff and FMF deGroot and M Croft and SW Cheong and M Breenblatt and MA Subramanian}
}
@article {1012,
	title = {Validation and characterization of suitable materials for bipolar plates in PEM water electrolysis},
	journal = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},
	volume = {40},
	note = {{\textquoteright}doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01132\n - I.Am.Hydrogen{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}Jason thinks this is great.\n~\n - jyoungstrom{\textquoteright}
{\textquoteright}\n - estechel{\textquoteright}
},
	pages = {11385-11391},
	abstract = {The polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolysis cell is a promising prospect for the production of clean hydrogen by energy of renewable wind and solar sources. One component of the PEM electrolyzer is the bipolar plate (BPP), which serves as a multi-function component during PEM water electrolysis. Titanium is typically regarded as the state-of-the-art material. Mechanically it could potentially be replace by lower-cost materials such as stainless steel, but under the harsh environmental conditions present in PEM water electrolysis, stainless steel is not corrosion-resistant and metal ions can dissolve. In this case metal ions would poison the catalyst and membrane, which leads to a reduction in the cell performance [1]. We have tested several coatings such as Au and TiN in PEM water electrolysis environments of varying severity for the application as a protective layer of bipolar plates. In order to determine possible candidates for a long-term test under real simulated PEM water electrolysis conditions, an experiment to determine pH value in PEM water electrolysis operation was developed to obtain the required pH value for the ex-situ testing of various coating materials.},
	issn = {0360-3199},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.04.155},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319915010939},
	author = {Manuel Langemann and David L. Fritz and Martin M{\"u}ller and Detlef Stolten}
}
