@article {1137,
	title = {Considerations for the Accurate Measurement of Incident Photon to Current Efficiency in Photoelectrochemical Cells},
	journal = {Frontiers in Energy Research},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2022},
	month = {2022},
	abstract = {In this paper we review some of the considerations and potential sources of error when conducting Incident Photon to Current Efficiency (IPCE) measurements, with focus on photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells for water splitting. The PEC aspect introduces challenges for accurate measurements often not encountered in dry PV cells. These can include slow charge transfer dynamics and, depending on conditions (such as a white light bias, which is important for samples with non-linear response to light intensity), possible composition changes, mostly at the surface, that a sample may gradually undergo as a result of chemical interactions with the aqueous electrolyte. These can introduce often-overlooked dependencies related to the timing of the measurement, such as a slower measurement requirement in the case of slow charge transfer dynamics, to accurately capture the steady-state response of the system. Fluctuations of the probe beam can be particularly acute when a Xe lamp with monochromator is used, and longer scanning times also allow for appreciable changes in the sample environment, especially when the sample is under realistically strong white light bias. The IPCE measurement system and procedure need to be capable of providing accurate measurements under specific conditions, according to sample and operating requirements. To illustrate these issues, complications, and solution options, we present example measurements of hematite photoanodes, leading to the use of a motorized rotating mirror stage to solve the inherent fluctuation and drift-related problems. For an example of potential pitfalls in IPCE measurements of metastable samples, we present measurements of BiVO<sub>4</sub> photoanodes, which had changing IPCE spectral shapes under white-light bias.},
	keywords = {device characterisation, EQE, IPCE, measurement technique, photoelectrochemical},
	issn = {2296-598X},
	doi = {10.3389/fenrg.2021.726069},
	url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fenrg.2021.726069},
	author = {Ellis, David S. and Piekner, Yifat and Grave, Daniel A. and Schnell, Patrick and Rothschild, Avner}
}
@article {1143,
	title = {Mechanistic understanding of pH effects on the oxygen evolution reaction},
	journal = {Electrochimica Acta},
	volume = {405},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {139810},
	abstract = {The oxygen-evolution reaction (OER) is pivotal in many energy-conversion technologies as it is an important counter reaction to others that convert stable chemicals to higher-value products using electrochemistry. The local microenvironment and pH for the anode OER can vary from acidic to neutral to alkaline depending on the system being explored, making definitive mechanistic insights difficult. In this paper, we couple experiments, first-principles calculations based on density functional theory, microkinetics, and transport modeling to explore the entire pH range of the OER. At low current densities, neutral pH values unexpectedly perform better than the acidic and alkaline conditions, and this trend is reversed at higher current densities (> 20~mA cm-2). Using multiscale modeling, this switch is rationalized by a change from a dual-reaction mechanism to a single rate-determining step. The model also shows how the alkaline reaction rates dominate in the middle to high pH range. Furthermore, we explore that the local pH for near-neutral conditions is much different (e.g., 2.4 at the reaction surface vs. 9 in the bulk) than the pH extremes, demonstrating the criticality that transport phenomena plays in kinetic activity.},
	keywords = {Electrochemistry, Microkinetics, Oxygen evolution reaction},
	issn = {0013-4686},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139810},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013468621020934},
	author = {Julie C. Fornaciari and Lien-Chun Weng and Shaun M. Alia and Cheng Zhan and Tuan Anh Pham and Alexis T. Bell and Tadashi Ogitsu and Nemanja Danilovic and Adam Z. Weber}
}
@article {1149,
	title = {Spatially resolved performance and degradation in a perfluorinated anion exchange membrane fuel cell},
	journal = {Electrochimica Acta},
	volume = {406},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {139812},
	abstract = {Anion exchange membrane fuel cells may enable future operation with non-precious metal-based catalysts. These systems have a delicate sensitivity to operating conditions such as humidification levels and the presence of CO2 in the air oxidant stream. We present spatially resolved in-situ performance results that shed light on phenomena that are unique to anion exchange membrane fuel cells. For cell construction, a highly conductive perfluorinated anion exchange polymer was used as the membrane and the material in powder form as the ionomer. Experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of humidification, fuel/oxidant concentration, and carbonation effects on the performance and its distribution in the cell. The results indicated that (i) dry conditions at the cathode have a stronger effect than at the anode on overall cell performance, (ii) performance significantly suffered when humidification was below 90\%, (iii) fuel and oxidant dilution effects lead mass-transport losses and were stronger than flow rate effects, (iv) CO2 in the cathode feed stream creates an equilibration disparity between the inlet and outlet sections and CO2 purging is affected by flooding conditions, and (v) after >500~h of operation, performance deteriorates predominantly at the inlet.},
	keywords = {2+1D fuel cell model, Anion Exchange membranes, Cathode dry-out, CO poisoning, Fuel cell durability, Mass transport limitations, Segmented fuel cell},
	issn = {0013-4686},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139812},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013468621020958},
	author = {Ashutosh G. Divekar and Michael R. Gerhardt and Christopher M. Antunes and Luigi Osmieri and Ami C. Yang-Neyerlin and Adam Z. Weber and Bryan S. Pivovar and Guido Bender and Andrew M. Herring}
}
@article {1152,
	title = {A mini-review on proton conduction of BaZrO 3 -based perovskite electrolytes},
	journal = {Journal of Physics: Energy},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2021},
	month = {07},
	pages = {032019},
	keywords = {ceramics, dopant, electrolyte, electrolytic cell, energy conversion, fuel cell, hydration, interaction, mobility, oxide, proton, proton conduction},
	doi = {10.1088/2515-7655/ac12ab},
	author = {Vera, Clarita and Ding, Hanping and Peterson, David and Gibbons, William and Zhou, Meng and Ding, Dong}
}
@article {1160,
	title = {Modeling Electrokinetics of Oxygen Electrodes in Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cells},
	journal = {Journal of The Electrochemical Society},
	volume = {168},
	year = {2021},
	month = {11/2021},
	pages = {114510},
	abstract = {A microscale model is presented in this study to simulate electrode kinetics of the oxygen electrode in a solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC). Two mixed ionic/electronic conducting structures are examined for the oxygen producing electrode in this work: single layer porous lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite (LSCF), and bilayer LSCF/SCT (strontium cobalt tantalum oxide) structures. A yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte separates the hydrogen and oxygen electrodes, as well as a gadolinium doped-ceria (GDC) buffer layer on the oxygen electrode side. Electrochemical reactions occurring at the two-phase boundaries (2PBs) and three-phase boundaries (3PBs) of single-layer LSCF and bilayer LSCF/SCT oxygen electrodes are modeled under various SOEC voltages with lattice oxygen stoichiometry as the key output. The results reveal that there exists a competition in electrode kinetics between 2PBs and 3PBs, but 3PBs are the primary reactive sites for single-layer LSCF oxygen electrode under high voltages. These locations experience the greatest oxygen stoichiometry variations and are therefore the most likely locations for dimensional changes. By applying an active SCT layer over LSCF, the 2PBs become activated to compete with the 3PBs, thus alleviating oxygen stoichiometry variations and reducing the likelihood of dimensional change. This strategy could reduce lattice structural expansion, proving to be valuable for electrode-electrolyte delamination prevention and will be the focus of future work.},
	keywords = {Barium zirconate, Defect transport, electrode-electrolyte delamination prevention, Faradaic efficiency, lattice oxygen stoichiometry, microscale model, o-SOEC, oxygen electrode, solid oxide electrolyzer cell},
	doi = {10.1149/1945-7111/ac35fc},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac35fc},
	author = {Korey Cook and Jacob Wrubel and Zhiwen Ma and Kevin Huang and Xinfang Jin}
}
@article {1166,
	title = {The oxygen partial pressure in solid oxide electrolysis cells with multilayer electrolytes},
	journal = {Acta Materialia},
	volume = {213},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {116928},
	abstract = {A number of degradation mechanisms have been observed during the long-term operation of solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOEC). Using an electrolyte charge carrier transport model and a diffuse interface treatment for a multilayer electrolytes, we quantify the oxygen potentials across the electrolyte and thereby provide insights into these degradation mechanisms. Our model describes the transport of charge carriers in the electrolyte when the oxygen partial pressure is extremely low by accounting for the spatial variation of the concentration of oxygen vacancies in the electrolyte which is closely related to the degradation of the SOEC near the interface of hydrogen electrode and electrolyte. Moreover, we identify four quantities that characterize the distribution of oxygen partial pressure in the electrolyte, which are directly related to the degradation mechanisms in the electrolyte as well, and give analytical estimates for them. These analytical expressions provide guidance on the parameters that need to be controlled to suppress the degradation observed in the electrolyte.},
	keywords = {Diffuse interface model, Multilayer electrolyte, Oxygen partial pressure, solid oxide electrolysis cell},
	issn = {1359-6454},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2021.116928},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359645421003086},
	author = {Qian Zhang and Qin-Yuan Liu and Beom-Kyeong Park and Scott Barnett and Peter Voorhees}
}
@article {1163,
	title = {Phase formation of manganese oxide thin films using pulsed laser deposition},
	journal = {Mater. Adv.},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {303-309},
	abstract = {Manganese oxides have enabled a wide range of technologies including oxygen evolution catalysts, lithium ion batteries, and thermochemical water splitting. However, the variable oxidation state and rich polymorphism of manganese oxides make it difficult to find the processing conditions to target a particular phase of manganese oxide. Targeted synthesis requires a more complete understanding of the phase space and the impact of multiple processing variables on phase formation. Here, we demonstrate the impact of substrate temperature, total deposition pressure, partial pressure of oxygen, and target composition on the phase formation of manganese oxides grown using combinatorial pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Thin films were deposited from a MnO, Mn2O3 or MnO2 target onto amorphous glass substrates with a continuously varied temperature provided by a combinatorial heater. A combination of X-ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, and Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies were used to determine the phases present in the samples. The oxygen partial pressure was found to be the critical factor determining phase formation, while the total pressure, target composition, and substrate temperature have smaller and more complex effects on phase formation. Comparing the results of this work to the published temperature{\textendash}pressure phase diagrams shows that the PLD thin films vary significantly from the expected equilibrium phases of either the bulk materials or nanoparticles. These results suggest that PLD provides a route to capture phases of manganese oxides at lower temperatures or higher oxygen pressures than those required for bulk synthesis or solution processing.},
	keywords = {Combinatorial, Manganese oxides, Pulsed laser deposition, STCH},
	doi = {10.1039/D0MA00417K},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/D0MA00417K},
	author = {Garten, Lauren M. and Selvarasu, Praneetha and Perkins, John and Ginley, David and Zakutayev, Andriy}
}
@article {1164,
	title = {Regulation of Cathode Mass and Charge Transfer by Structural 3D Engineering for Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cell at 400 {\textdegree}C (Adv. Funct. Mater. 33/2021)},
	journal = {Advanced Functional Materials},
	volume = {31},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {2170244},
	abstract = {3D Engineering In article number 2102907, Wei Wu, Meng Zhou, Dong Ding, and co-workers develop a 3D engineered cathode to enhance oxygen reduction reaction kinetics on a proton-conducting fuel cell at <600 {\textdegree}C. The results demonstrate remarkable cell performance at 400{\textendash}600 {\textdegree}C by effectively regulating the mass and charge transfer through the electrode and across the interface of electrolyte and electrode.},
	keywords = {3D engineering, charge transfer, mass transfer, oxygen reduction reaction, p-SOEC, protonic ceramic fuel cells},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202170244},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adfm.202170244},
	author = {Bian, Wenjuan and Wu, Wei and Gao, Yipeng and Gomez, Joshua Y. and Ding, Hanping and Tang, Wei and Zhou, Meng and Ding, Dong}
}
@article {1165,
	title = {Scaleup and manufacturability of symmetric-structured metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells},
	journal = {Journal of Power Sources},
	volume = {489},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {229439},
	abstract = {Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells with symmetric architecture, having metal supports on both sides of the cell, are scaled up from button cell size to large 50~cm2 active area cell size. The cells remain flat after sintering assisted by the symmetric structure. Equivalent performance is achieved for button cells and large cells, and thermal cycling and redox cycling tolerance are demonstrated for the large cells. The catalyst infiltration process is improved to enable high-throughput manufacturing. The cumbersome lab-scale molten nitrate infiltration process is replaced with a room-temperature process in which a shelf-stable aqueous solution of nitrate salts is applied to the cell by spraying, painting, or other scalable techniques. A fast-ramp thermal conversion of the nitrate salts to the final oxide catalyst composition is implemented, allowing many infiltration cycles to be accomplished in a single work shift. Increasing the number of infiltration cycles from 5 to 10 led to an increase in peak power density from approximately 0.3 to 0.52~W~cm-2.},
	keywords = {infiltration, Metal-supported, Scale up, SOFC},
	issn = {0378-7753},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.229439},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775320317225},
	author = {Emir Dogdibegovic and Yuan Cheng and Fengyu Shen and Ruofan Wang and Boxun Hu and Michael C. Tucker}
}
@article {1169,
	title = {Degradation of solid oxide electrolysis cells: Phenomena, mechanisms, and emerging mitigation strategies{\textemdash}A review},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Science \& Technology},
	volume = {55},
	year = {2020},
	note = {SI: Energy Conversion \& Storage Materials Design, Fabrication and Functionality},
	pages = {35-55},
	abstract = {Solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) is a promising electrochemical device with high efficiency for energy storage and conversion. However, the degradation of SOEC is a significant barrier to commercial viability. In this review paper, the typical degradation phenomena of SOEC are summarized, with great attention into the anodes/oxygen electrodes, including the commonly used and newly developed anode materials. Meanwhile, mechanistic investigations on the electrode/electrolyte interfaces are provided to unveil how the intrinsic factor, oxygen partial pressure pO2, and the electrochemical operation conditions, affect the interfacial stability of SOEC. At last, this paper also presents some emerging mitigation strategies to circumvent long-term degradation, which include novel infiltration method, development of new anode materials and engineering of the microstructure.},
	keywords = {Degradation, Electrode/electrolyte interface, Mitigation, solid oxide electrolysis cell, Strategy},
	issn = {1005-0302},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2019.07.026},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1005030219302464},
	author = {Yi Wang and Wenyuan Li and Liang Ma and Wei Li and Xingbo Liu}
}
@article {1126,
	title = {Favorable Redox Thermodynamics of SrTi0.5Mn0.5O3-δ in Solar Thermochemical Water Splitting},
	journal = {Chemistry of Materials},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {9335-9346},
	keywords = {Cubic perovskite, Modeling, Perovskite, SrTi0.5Mn0.5O3-δ},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c03278},
	author = {X. Qian and J. He and E. Mastronardo and B. Baldassarri and C. Wolverton and S. M. Haile}
}
@article {1124,
	title = {High-Throughput Analysis of Materials for Chemical Looping Processes},
	journal = {Advanced Energy Materials},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	keywords = {chemical looping, high-throughput screening, machine learning, redox catalysis},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202000685},
	author = {N. R. Singstock and C. J. Bartel and A. M. Holder and C. B. Musgrave}
}
@article {1167,
	title = {Triple ionic{\textendash}electronic conducting oxides for next-generation electrochemical devices},
	journal = {Nature Materials},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2020},
	month = {12/2020},
	keywords = {electrolysis cells, fuel cells, ionic species transport, membrane reactors, Triple ionic{\textendash}electronic conductors},
	issn = {1476-1122},
	doi = {10.1038/s41563-020-00854-8},
	url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1762454},
	author = {Papac, Meagan and Stevanovi{\'c}, Vladan and Zakutayev, Andriy and O{\textquoteright}Hayre, Ryan}
}
@article {1180,
	title = {Water-Stable 1D Hybrid Tin(II) Iodide Emits Broad Light with 36\% Photoluminescence Quantum Efficiency},
	journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
	volume = {142},
	year = {2020},
	note = {PMID: 32283025},
	pages = {9028-9038},
	keywords = {Modeling, PEC, Perovskites},
	doi = {10.1021/jacs.0c03004},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.0c03004},
	author = {Spanopoulos, Ioannis and Hadar, Ido and Ke, Weijun and Guo, Peijun and Sidhik, Siraj and Kepenekian, Mika{\"e}l and Even, Jacky and Mohite, Aditya D. and Schaller, Richard D. and Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.}
}
@article {1187,
	title = {Interfacial engineering of gallium indium phosphide photoelectrodes for hydrogen evolution with precious metal and non-precious metal based catalysts},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Chemistry A},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {16821-16832},
	abstract = {Gallium indium phosphide (GaInP2) is a semiconductor with promising optical and electronic properties to serve as the large bandgap, top junction in a dual absorber tandem solar water splitting device. Poor intrinsic catalytic ability and surface corrosion in aqueous electrolyte remain key obstacles. Significant progress has been made developing thin-film protection layers and active catalysts for photoelectrochemical devices, but combining these into a catalytic protection layer that can provide long-term stability without sacrificing performance has proven difficult due, in large part, to challenges in developing active and stable interfaces. In this work, we demonstrate that a nanoscale molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) film functions both as an effective protection layer and excellent hydrogen evolution catalyst for GaInP2 photocathodes, with only a \~{}10\% loss in initial light-limited current density after 100 h, and a photocurrent onset potential better than that of the same state-of-the-art device with a platinum{\textendash}ruthenium catalyst. Using transient photoreflectance spectroscopy, we probed the carrier dynamics of these photocathodes and show that the MoS2 coated device exhibits improved electron transfer at the surface interface compared to the PtRu catalyzed device. These MoS2 protected devices are among the most active and stable single-absorber photocathodes for solar water splitting to date and offer a promising pathway towards generating hydrogen with high efficiency and significant longevity.},
	keywords = {durability, GaInP2, III-V, MoS2 hydrogen evolution catalyst, MoS2 protective coating, PEC, Photocathode},
	doi = {10.1039/C9TA05247J},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C9TA05247J},
	author = {Britto, Reuben J. and Young, James L. and Yang, Ye and Steiner, Myles A. and LaFehr, David T. and Friedman, Daniel J. and Beard, Mathew and Deutsch, Todd G. and Jaramillo, Thomas F.}
}
@article {1194,
	title = {Transition Metal Arsenide Catalysts for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction},
	journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
	volume = {123},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {24007-24012},
	keywords = {Arsenide catalyst, CoAs, Hydrogen evolution catalyst, MoAs, Modeling, PEC},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b05738},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b05738},
	author = {Gauthier, Joseph A. and King, Laurie A. and Stults, Faith Tucker and Flores, Raul A. and Kibsgaard, Jakob and Regmi, Yagya N. and Chan, Karen and Jaramillo, Thomas F.}
}
